Application research of biomedicine in elimination of sports fatigue of table tennis players.

Transcription

1 Biomdical Rsarch 2017; Spcial Issu: S731-S738 ISSN X Application rsarch of biomdicin in limination of sports fatigu of tabl tnnis playrs. Bai Li * Dpartmnt of Physical Education, Zhongnan Univrsity of Economics and Law, Wuhan, Hubi, PR China Abstract Th antagonism of tabl tnnis is vry strong and th comptition is vry firc. Athlts ar pron to fatigu in high intnsity and havy load training. How to ffctivly liminat sports fatigu has bn th focus of domstic and forign rsarch institutions. In this papr, a sris of links btwn th brain and muscls of tabl tnnis playrs that could caus th fatigu wr studid. Sports fatigu was analyzd from th prspctiv of biomdicin, and th nural, hormonal, mtabolic, and immun rgulatory fatigu chains wr proposd. It was found that th ATP (t=5.12, P<0.05) and CP (t=4.27, P<0.05) in th brain wr significantly rducd during th fatigu. In addition, supplmnt of sugar, ATP, protin, amino acids and othr nutritional supplmnts was bnficial to liminat sports fatigu of tabl tnnis playrs. Studis show that from th prspctiv of biomdicin, on of th most important factors in th dvlopmnt of -inducd fatigu is th larg amount of nrgy consumption in th body, so it is ncssary to mak a rasonabl nutritional supplmnt for th rcovry and limination. Kywords: Biomdicin, Tabl tnnis, Sports fatigu, Elimination. Accptd on Novmbr 8, 2017 Introduction Tabl tnnis is an intrnational sport. Although it is mainly basd on skills, it is also vry confrontational. Thrfor, in th long training or comptition athlts consum a lot of physical strngth and nrgy. Whn tabl tnnis playrs ar in th gam and training, thir nrvous systms ar highly nrvous. Cardiovascular, rspiratory and ndocrin systms ar in a highr stat, which asily lads to strain, sprain, strain and othr accidnts [1]. In ordr to maintain a high stat of motion, tabl tnnis playrs should accpt a varity of high-intnsity trainings vry day. Long trm mchanical load and monotonous training subjcts rduc th xcitability of th brain of th athlts, rsulting in a tmporary fatigu of limb muscls [2]. If w do not adjust quickly, fatigu will accumulat asily, which will not only affct th training ffct, but also lad to th wrong dynamic strotyp. Thrfor, aftr th high intnsity training and comptition, how to liminat sports fatigu, avoid xcssiv fatigu, quickly and fully rstor strngth and nrgy, and fac th futur larning and training with abundant nrgy hav bn th problms that coachs and athlts ar concrnd about [3]. Sports fatigu is a complx multi-lvl procss, which includs many aspcts, such as physiology, psychology and spirit. Th concpt of fatigu is dvlopd with th dpning of th study [4]. Th muscl sornss causd by in biomdicin is dividd into two typs. Th first is th pain immdiatly aftr th movmnt, and it disappars vry quickly, which is calld acut muscl sornss [5]. And th othr typ is th pain that appars a fw hours or on day aftr th. Accompanid by fatigu, thr ar symptoms such as muscl stiffnss and spasm. Th muscl pain disappars slowly, and it can b fully rcovrd 3 to 4 d or vn aftr 6~7 d, and this symptom is calld dlayd onst muscl sornss or fatigu aftr. Thr ar significant diffrncs btwn muscl sornss and strain [6]. In fact, muscl sornss is a normal, positiv physical prformanc. It is asy to produc significant muscl sornss aftr with high intnsity and lss adaptation. Ths symptoms will naturally disappar aftr a priod of rst. Whn th playrs do th sam again, muscl sornss symptoms will b significantly rducd or not [7]. Th muscl strain causd by is diffrnt. Muscl or ligamnt injury can rsult in a larg ara of pathological changs of th skltal muscl, such as cll dgnration, cll ncrosis, tc., which not only affcts th continud movmnt or training, but also may bring mor srious consquncs. Slf-idntification of muscl strain and ligamnt strain s may occur as a rsult of a dstructiv action du to strain and muscl sorns, and muscl sornss is gradually incrasd [8]. Muscl sornss can b rlivd by rst, traction, massag, tc. And muscl (or ligamnt) damag must b solvd by mdical mans [9]. In ordr to mov fast with xplosiv powr, tabl tnnis playrs must hav a good ability to provid ATP-CP. At th sam tim, a full gam lasts 48 min. In a high lvl of th gam, a good athlt nds to swing about 5400 tims with th distanc of 8400 m, which S731

2 Li rquirs athlts with good spd nduranc and strngth nduranc. Thrfor, athlts asily lad to priphral fatigu aftr training and comptition [10]. Th purpos of this study is to xplor how to ffctivly liminat sports fatigu. In ordr to ffctivly liminat th fatigu of tabl tnnis athlts, this papr puts forward th mthod of liminating sports fatigu. Th scond sction introducs th causs of th sports fatigu of tabl tnnis playrs. In th third sction, w analys th sports fatigu from th point of viw of biomdicin. In th fourth sction, th dtails of th nutritional supplmnt to liminat fatigu ar introducd. In th fifth sction, w brifly introduc othr mthods to liminat th fatigu. Th last ar th conclusions. cardiovascular systm is vry common, and its physiological indx is th standard of training intnsity. Skltal muscl fatigu occurs aftr load. W can dtrmin whthr th muscl hardns or whthr it is painful to adjust th fatigu [14]. Th Gnration of Sports Fatigu of Tabl Tnnis Playrs Rsarch grouping According to th, playrs wr dividd into bfor group and aftr group. Figur 1. Tabl tnnis athlts fatigu. Dfinition of sports fatigu Sports fatigu can b dividd into physical fatigu and mntal fatigu. Th two kinds of diffrnt kinds of fatigu hav diffrnt main manifstations. Th main manifstation of physical fatigu is th dclin of motor ability. Psychological fatigu is mainly manifstd in th chang of bhavior. Physical fatigu should b physical and mntal changs [11]. At prsnt, thr ar two main aspcts of th fatigu mchanism. Th first is th fatigu chain from th cntral to th priphral nrv muscl conduction, nrv ndocrin, immun and mtabolic rgulation. Th scond is th catastroph thory from th analysis of th whol concpt of human bings [12]. Th two aspcts of th thory ar complmntary to ach othr, which focus on diffrnt angls in th analysis of th problm. Causs of fatigu in tabl tnnis training Ovrload training is th main caus of fatigu. Spcifically, whn th training is not scintific, th load intnsity is not allowd to grasp. Th training is carrid out too fast, and th rcovry tim is too short, with th us of impropr mans of rcovry [13]. Athlts fatigu has not bn rstord and liminatd in th long-trm accumulation, which is again addd with xcssiv load (Figur 1). For th gam, with too many gams and short intrval, th body and mind should maintain a high dgr of strss for a long tim. Th athlts should participat in high intnsity training whn th illnss or injury is not good. Fatigu is mainly manifstd in th nrvous systm, cardiovascular systm and skltal muscl systm. Th fatigu of th nrvous systm bgins with th crbral cortx. Whn th playr's raction, attntion and strain ar all bginning to dclin, it may b th nrvous systm fatigu. Th fatigu of Figur 2. Nrv, hormon, immun systm, and mtabolic rgulation chain fatigu. Analysis of sports fatigu from th prspctiv of physiology and mdicin Fatigu chain: In th high intnsity training or comptition of tabl tnnis, th working ability of muscl is waknd, and th fatigu appars. During th procss of fatigu, thr is a sris of links btwn th brain and muscls [15]. As arly as in 1980, Edward proposd th nuromuscular fatigu control chain of ths links. With th dp study of fatigu, th fatigu chain of nrv, hormon, mtabolic and immun rgulatory is listd, as shown in Figur 2. Bcaus sports fatigu is a combination of many factors, th chang of on or svral factors at th sam tim can caus S732

3 Application rsarch of biomdicin in limination of sports fatigu of tabl tnnis playrs fatigu. Thrfor, th thory of mutation combins th nrgy consumption in th cll, th dcras of muscl strngth, th chang of muscl xcitability and activity. Whn ths factors chang to a crtain xtnt, it is xprssd in th form of fatigu, in ordr to protct th body from xhaustion. It can b sn in Figur 3, th pathway on is pur nrgy xpnditur, in which ATP is xhaustd with muscl stiffnss, and sports fatigu cannot dvlop to this point; th pathway two is in th procss of rducing nrgy and xcitability, thr is a rapidly dcrasing mutation pak, and th xcitability also collapss, which is usd to carry on th nrgy rsrv to dal with its dclin and th chang, accompanid by th dclin of powr. It is th charactristic of th fatigu catastroph thory [16]. can hlp to maintain th ratio of BCAA to tryptophan, which can rduc th ffct of 5-HT on fatigu [17]. Figur 4. Cntral nrvous systm. Tabl 1. Strnuous for th brain 5-HT, th influnc of th concntration of tryptophan and HIAA (Nmol.g -1 ). Brain ara Acid tryptophan 5HT 5HIAA Bfor Aftr Bfor Aftr Bfor Aftr Cortx Crbllum Hippocampus japonicus Figur 3. Catastroph thory. Nural fatigu Whn th tabl tnnis playrs ar in training and comptition, th nrv cntr will work with long working hours and strong strngth. If th cntral motor nrv disordrs, th xcitability of th motor nrv also changs, and it can impact th spik action potntial at th nuromuscular junction (Figur 4). Changs of motor nrv xcitability can also rduc th frquncy of nrv impuls rlas or attnuation, rsulting in fatigu. It was proposd for mtabolic changs in 1971 that ATP and CP lvls in th brain wr significantly rducd during inducd fatigu. In addition, th contnt of r- incrasd with th dcras of glycogn contnt. In rcnt yars, th mor dtaild work on th changs of nural fatigu mtabolism during is th chang of th concntration ratio of tryptophan and Branchd Chain Amino Acids (BCAA). It can affct som prcursors of nurotransmittrs in th brain (phnylalanin, tyrosin and tryptophan) into th brain, and tryptophan can b convrtd to 5-hydroxytryptamin (5-HT). At th sam tim, th contnt of 5-HT incrass, which can stimulat apptit, tirdnss, fatigu and othr symptoms of slp disordrs. During strnuous, th 5-HT in th brainstm and hypothalamus would incras, as shown in Tabl 1. Thrfor, incrasing th supply of BCAA in nutrition Striatum brainstm Hypothalamus In rcnt yars th study of ammonia on nrv fatigu ffct has shown that ammonia contnt in brain incrass during, and th rasons may includ nurotransmittr damination; oxidativ damination of nrv ndings and glial clls; th strngthnd purin nuclotid cycl to gnrat ammonia; th ammonia incrasd gnration of in muscl and blood ammonia through th blood-brain barrir [18]. Th incras of ammonia can caus a dcras in th activity of many nzyms, and dcras th rat of ATP synthsis, which lads to various kinds of fatigu symptoms, such as thinking and consciousnss variation, muscl waknss, shortnss of brath and so on. Nuromuscular transmission In th procss of nuromuscular transmission, w mainly study th changs in th mmbran and muscl clls. In Figur 5: 1. Cntral nrvous systm fatigu du to lack of motor nrv xcitability; 2. Dgnration or loss of axonal branching activity; 3. Loss of affrnt trminals or rlas of nurotransmittr activity at th nuromuscular junction (prsynaptic failur); 4. Th loss of th postrior mmbran and th ability of complt dpolarization; 5. Th ability of th muscl fibr mmbran to los th activity potntial or th amplitud is too low; 6. Th dclin or loss of th bon systm S733

4 Li and sarcoplasmic rticulum calcium rlas. Th potntial activity causd by dcrasd muscl strngth; 7. Muscl contraction systm; 8. Mitochondria. AMP 0.08 ± ± ± 0.04 HL ± 4 79 ± 3 Endocrin rgulation Changs in th ndocrin rgulation of can caus a sris of changs in th body. But th most obvious chang is th incras of adrnalin and adrnal hormons in th pituitary adrnal mdulla and adrnal cortx, which can nhanc th catabolic capability, so that it can adapt to th nds of strss, as shown in Figur 6. In particular, th pituitary adrnal cortx plays a lading rol. Figur 5. Nuromuscular transmission procss. Th factors rlatd to th ability of muscl contraction ar: th first is th mtabolic function: th transportation of glucos and fatty acid; th scond is th rgulation of PH: th xchang of Cl -1 /HCO 3- and Na + /H + in and out of mmbran by hydrogn ions and lactat ions; th third is th transportation of Na + /Ca + by calcium ion and th xchang of Ca ++ /ATP nzym; th fourth is th xchang of Na + and K + clls insid and outsid, th xtracllular K + incrass, intracllular Na + incrass, th mmbran potntial changs, and th activity of nzym can caus th disordr of xcitability; th fifth is th chang of polypptid and catcholamin rcptor sits. Th changs of such factors lad to cll mmbran dysfunction and fatigu. Intracllular mtabolic changs Th dirct nrgy sourc of th muscl during is calld ATP, which can b quickly synthsizd aftr bing consumd. Whn th ATP concntration in muscl is th highst, th concntrations of ADP, AMP and IMP rlativ ar lowr [19]. Th valu of ATP/ADP can play an important rol in rgulating mtabolism. As can b sn in Tabl 2, during th sports fatigu, ADP, AMP and IMP incras significantly, whil th ratio of ATP/ADP is rducd, so that th mtabolic rat of sugar is rducd, th nrgy supply is hindrd, rsulting in rducd working ability. Th charactristics of lactic acid accumulation during ar summarizd in this papr, as shown in Tabl 2. W can s that in th accumulation of lactic acid, fatigu prformanc of ATP and CP dcrass, lactic acid incrass, and ph valu dcrass; in th absnc of lactic acid accumulation, muscl glycogn dcrass. Tabl 2. Th human body in th diffrnt natur of sports fatigu mmol/kg -1 DM. Gnrating matrial Quit tim 1007.Vo2max bicycl sports to fatigu IMP ± ± 0.6 ADP 2.7 ± ± ± mvc isomtric forc to fatigu Figur 6. Th strss of th rlationship btwn cntral and priphral componnts. A larg numbr of studis hav provd that th ndocrin imbalanc is th main factor lading to th dclin of motor ability, and ndocrin disordrs ar mainly manifstd in th nrvous ndocrin systm function dclin. Th incras in th magnitud of th hormonal changs during is rducd (Tabl 3), which bgins at a subnormal lvl, and thn falls. As a rsult, two kinds of changs occur in th body, on is th function dclin of maximum lvl; th othr is th longst tim to maintain th movmnt at a crtain lvl. Application of biomdicin in th limination of sports fatigu From th point of viw of biomdicin, an important factor in th gnration of -inducd fatigu is a larg numbr of nrgy consumption in th body, so that it must b rstord to a rasonabl nutritional supplmnt. Sugar supplmnt Sugar is th main nrgy supply in, and it can b dcomposd to gnrat nrgy in arobic or anarobic nvironmnts. CO 2 and H 2 O ar th final products of th arobic mtabolism of sugar, which do not caus drastic changs in th intrnal nvironmnt. And in th procss of anarobic mtabolism, lactic acid is gnratd in th. S734

5 Application rsarch of biomdicin in limination of sports fatigu of tabl tnnis playrs During, it cannot only b oxidizd in slow muscl and hart, but also produc sugar in th livr, which will not incras th insulin ffct. Thrfor, th supply of carbohydrats in motion is vry important [20]. For tabl tnnis playrs in th training priod, th amount of sugar in th dit should b 55%-60%. Th typ of sugar should adapt to th rquirmnts of training, as shown in Tabl 4. Nam Chang charactristics Glucocorticoid hormon Down about 50% ATCH rduc Adrnal mdulla hormon Down about 50%~70% High blood glucos Rduc Tabl 3. Changs of srum lvls of som hormons during fatigu. Growth hormon Tstostron Rduc Dclin Tabl 4. Rcovry of glucos in vivo during rcovry priod. Nam Function charactristic Rcovry priod to at sugar Starch To acclrat muscl glycogn synthsis, in th rcovry priod of scond days is bttr than glucos Sucros Synthtic muscl glycogn, livr glycogn Total amount not mor than 650 g/d, should b basd on consumption and rcovry rquirmnts to add diffrnt typs of sugar Fructos Livr glycogn, muscl glycogn Glucos Improv blood sugar th fastst, glycogn synthsis Whn tabl tnnis playrs ar in training and comptition, th nrv cntr will work with strong strngth for long hours. Whn th cntral nrvous systm is working, th nrgy coms mainly from glucos. Th brain's glycogn rsrvs ar vry small, so thy nd to rly on blood sugar to supplmnt. Th body's glycogn rsrvs ar dirctly rlatd to th lvl of blood sugar. Muscl glycogn can provid th nrgy ndd for muscl contraction, and th storag of glycogn is an important factor to incras th blood glucos concntration in a long tim. Thrfor, in ordr to timly supplmnt sugar and improv livr glycogn rsrvs, thy nd for a rasonabl intak of starch, glucos, sucros, fructos and othr substancs. Th focus should b placd on th starch polysaccharid, bcaus its nrgy supply is rlativly smooth and durabl. Th supply of sugar bfor and aftr th training should b glucos, sucros and fructos. Sugar supplmnt can mak blood glucos concntration incras rapidly and maintain a high lvl of 30~60 min, promot th absorption and utilization of cntral nrvous systm, muscl blood sugar, and rduc th consumption of ndognous sugar rsrvs. A larg numbr of studis on th problm of th athlt's sugar show that th lvl of muscl glycogn bfor is rlatd to th maintnanc of spd nduranc tim. Tabl 5 lists th swts bfor th tabl tnnis match. Tabl 5. Eat sugar bfor tabl tnnis match mthod. Bfor th gam Sugar mthod Effct 3d Glycogn filling mthod: bfor th 3 to carry out larg load training, and thn a high sugar dit, sugar accountd for mor than 70% of total caloris, pay attntion to th slction and ratio of sugars. To incras muscl glycogn 3~4 tims 30 min bfor 2 h According to 2/wight following strict slction of typs of sugar, sugar, and to avoid th ffct of insulin On th way drinks Low prmability of oligosaccharids to drink, sugar supplmnt pr hour should b lss than 80 for th bst ATP supplmnt Maintaining blood glucos stability Maintaining blood glucos stability Tabl tnnis is a vry dmanding sport that rquirs th playr to play th maximum spd and kp it in a stabl standard for a long tim. This rquirs a fastr rat of ATP synthsis in th brain. In clls, ATP is vry small, and it is not abl to dirctly absorb blood and adjacnt clls ATP. ATP supplmntation is prformd in vitro and transformd into ADP in th body. It ntrs into clls and mitochondria, thrby promoting oxidativ phosphorylation. In addition, ATP can gratly nhanc th activity of phosphorylas in th rol of adnylat cyclas, so that th rat of glycogn dcomposition is acclratd, and th concntration of glucos is incrasd. Cratin phosphat and cratin combin to form a cratin phosphocratin nrgy systm, and its function is to transport th nrgy gnratd by th mtabolic procss of mitochondria to th ara of nrgy. Powr and protin Protin: Tabl tnnis lads to incrasd protin brakdown. If th athlt's intak of food is also providd in accordanc with th amount of normal popl, it will lad to protin malnutrition, thus showing a ngativ nitrogn balanc (Figur 7). Undr normal circumstancs, with th incras in food protin, muscl protin synthsis rat will incras accordingly. Howvr, thr is no positiv corrlation btwn th protin amount and protin synthsis in food. Whn it xcds 15% of th total hat, it cannot b usd, as shown in Figur 8. And in S735

6 Li gnral training, it only incrass th synthsis of 7 g/d. Thrfor, with th incras of protin, strngth training can nhanc th muscl strngth of athlts. Amino acid supplmntation Athlts injction or oral amino acid has two main functions. Th first is to acclrat th scrtion of growth hormon, thrby promoting th rgulation of muscl and bon growth. For xampl, th injction of arginin, mthionin, phnylalanin, lysin and histidin can promot th scrtion of growth hormon. Aftr administration of arginin and lysin, th scrtion of auxin also incrass. Th scond ffct is to rduc th ffct of th 5 amins on brain working ability. Branchd Chain Amino Acids (BCAA) in foods can b usd as muscl nrgy. Whn protins or amino acids acts as a sourc of nrgy, it gnrally accounts for about 10% of th total nrgy, whil it only accounts for about 4% of th sugar supply. So it dos not hav a dominant position in trms of nrgy. Th currnt study has found that th main rol of BCAA is to maintain th ratio of tryptophan to BCAA, which allows th brain to function normally, thrby rducing -inducd fatigu (Figur 9). Corticotropin Rlasing Hormon (CRH) can dirctly inhibit th rlas of lutinizing hormon rlasing hormon nurons in th arcuat nuclus of th hypothalamus. Glucocorticoids can also dirctly affct th production of Lutinizing Hormon Rlasing Hormon (LHRH), sx hormon and gonadal tissu. Thrfor, xcssiv strss can caus pituitary hypogonadism. So th tabl tnnis playrs in ovr training will b manifstd as climbing towrs/low srum cortisol. At th sam tim, th Growth Hormon (GH), growth rgulator C (SmC) and targt tissu ar inhibitd at many lvls of growth axis during strss. Thyroid Stimulating Hormon (TSH) is also inhibitd, affcting th mtabolic balanc during. Th strss systm also has a significant inhibitory ffct on th immun systm. Th ky to th changs of ths factors is to mastr th appropriat training load intnsity and masurmnt, so that th body can b traind to adapt to improv ability. At prsnt, in ordr to spd up th corrction of th disordr of adjustmnt factors causd by th training, or to acclrat th rcovry of th procss or vn to achiv a highr lvl of functional adjustmnt, drugs rlatd masurs should b usd. Figur 8. Ditary protin ffct on th rat of protin synthsis. Figur 7. Enduranc training's impact on nitrogn balanc. In addition, thr ar trac lmnts (F, Zn, Cn, S, tc.) and vitamins in nutrition factors. For xampl, iron is a componnt of catalas, proxidas and succinat dhydrognas. Coppr, zinc and mangans ar th ssntial componnts of mitochondrial suproxid dismutas, which can b usd to sparat oxygn fr radicals. Slnium is an ssntial componnt of oxygn fr radical scavnging nzyms such as glutathion proxidas. Th addition of coppr, zinc, mangans, iron, slnium and othr minrals can nhanc th body's mtabolic function, dlay and liminat inducd fatigu. Hormonal rgulation In th strss of tabl tnnis, rproduction, growth and immun systms ar dirctly affctd by strss. In th rlationship btwn strss and sx hormons, th gonad axis is inhibitd at all lvls by th hypothalamic pituitary adrnal axis. Othr mthods of liminating sports fatigu Massag can b usd to rliv muscl tnsion. Massag can not only promot th convrsion of cortical xcitability and inhibition, liminat th disordr of th nrvous systm caus by fatigu, promot blood circulation, strngthn local blood supply, and liminat fatigu. Massag altrnatly us prss, buckl, tc. Massag can b carrid out bfor or aftr th xcis or at th nd of th night. Finishing should b rgular and scintific. Suddn cssation of strnuous affcts th oxygn supplmnt and vnous blood rturn, rducs blood prssur, and causs advrs ractions. Thrfor, finishing should b don aftr th training with slow motion for body rlaxation. Bubbl bath: warm watr bath can stimulat th xpansion of blood vssls, and promot mtabolism and blood circulation, so as to liminat th fatigu. Warm bath tmpratur should b 40 C, vry for min. To maintain adquat slp: slp is th ky to liminat fatigu and rstor physical strngth. Athlts should S736

7 Application rsarch of biomdicin in limination of sports fatigu of tabl tnnis playrs kp 8-9 h of slp vry day, so that th body is in compltly rlaxd stat. Traditional Chins mdicin to liminat fatigu: Chins hrbal mdicin thrapy, massag, acupunctur and moxibustion tratmnt hav uniqu advantags and rol in promoting th rcovry of fatigu. Figur 9. Muscl, livr, brain BCAA and tryptophan mtabolism. Conclusions With th continuous dvlopmnt and improvmnt of th lvl of tabl tnnis in our country, th load and intnsity of sports training ar gtting biggr and biggr. At th sam tim, athlts tnd to hav fatigu. In this papr, th fatigu of tabl tnnis athlts was analysd from th prspctiv of biomdicin. Th changs of cntral nrvous systm, nuromuscular, intracllular mtabolism and ndocrin rgulation wr studid in dtail. Th study found that sugar was th main nrgy supply of sports, and ating sugar bfor and during th gam could improv and stabiliz blood sugar. Tabl tnnis playrs in high intnsity training and comptition, th body's functional indicators ar still at a high lvl, nd to b adjustd for a priod of tim to rstor to th original stat. Thrfor, th stablishmnt of a rasonabl and timly supplmnt plan to rstor th normal function of th body to mak a vry important. Th rsults of this study ar th sam as thos of prvious studis [21,22]. John t al. [21] found that adquat intak of nutrints can not only rstor fatigu as soon as possibl to rpair damagd muscl fibrs, promot skltal muscl growth, but also hlp to maintain th normal function of athlts hart tub within 45 min aftr. Maughall t al. [22] blivd that carbohydrat and protin nutrints aftr could stimulat insulin scrtion. Insulin can promot glucos uptak, acclrat protin synthsis, incrass hpatic glycogn storag rsrvs and blood flow in skltal muscl, thrby strngthning th body function. Tabl tnnis could lad to th incras of protin dcomposition. It could ffctivly improv th muscl strngth of athlts by supplmnting protin and strngth training. With injction or oral amino acid, athlts could incras th scrtion of growth hormon, and rduc th impact of th 5 antlop amin on th brain's ability to work, so as to rduc th impact of fatigu. Howvr, thr wr fw rsarchs on othr factors to liminat fatigu. Just from th prspctiv of biomdicin, thr wr som limitations, which was ncssary to conduct a comprhnsiv study in th futur. Th rsarch shows that from th point of viw of biomdicin, th rasonabl nutrition supplmnt for tabl tnnis athlts can ffctivly liminat th sports fatigu, and improv th training ffct and sports prformanc. Rfrncs 1. Knickr AJ, Rnshaw I, Oldham ARH. Intractiv procsss link th multipl symptoms of fatigu in sport comptition. Sports Md 2011; 41: Waldron M, Highton J. Fatigu and pacing in high-intnsity intrmittnt tam sport: an updat. Sports Md 2014; 44: Wilk J, Flcknstin J, Kraus F. Sport-spcific functional movmnt can simulat aspcts of nuromuscular fatigu occurring in tam sports. Sports Biomch Hübnr J. Sport against cancr-rlatd fatigu. Dutsch Mdizinisch Wochnschrift 2013; 138: H L, Rn J, Shi Z. Sparation of ky biognic amins by capillary lctrophorsis and dtrmination of possibl indicators of sport fatigu in athlts urin. J Chromatogr Sci Fng Y, Jiny XU, Zhao Z. Effct of Astragalus total saponin on hippocampal function and morphology in sports fatigu rats. J Trad Chins Md Wiwlhov T, Radr C, Myr T. Markrs for routin assssmnt of fatigu and rcovry in mal and fmal tam sport athlts during high-intnsity intrval training. Plos On 2015; Knndy MD, Tamminn KA, Holt NL. Factors that influnc fatigu status in Canadian univrsity swimmrs. J Sports Sci 2013; 31: Corts N, Grska E, Kollock R. Squntial fatigu progrssivly altrs lowr xtrmity biomchanics. Br J Sports Md 2011; 45: Wang D, Vito GD, Ditroilo M. Th ffcts of fatigu on pak torqu, muscl stiffnss, and musculoarticular stiffnss of th kn joint in young mal athlts. Br J Sports Md 2014; 48: Rolands B, Klass M, Lvnz M. Nurotransmittr modulation and supraspinal fatigu. Br J Sports Md 2011; Rilly T, Atkinson G, Watrhous J. Travl fatigu and jtlag. J Sports Sci 2010; 15: Girard O, Mndz-Villanuva A, Bishop D. Rpatdsprint ability-part I: factors contributing to fatigu. Sports Md 2011; 41: Mohr M, Mujika I, Santistban J. Examination of fatigu dvlopmnt in lit soccr in a hot nvironmnt: a multixprimntal approach. Scandinavian J Md Sci Sports 2010; 20: Halson SL. Monitoring training load to undrstand fatigu in athlts. Sports Md 2014; 44: S737

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