CARBOHYDRATES. Produce energy for living things Atoms? Monomer Examples? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio.
|
|
|
- Norma Poole
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CARBOHYDRATES Produce energy for living things Atoms? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio Monomer Examples? Sugars, starches
2 MONOSACCHARIDES--- main source of energy for cells Glucose Know formula? Fructose Galactose-- **These are considered isomers
3
4 DISACCHARIDES condensation reaction of 2 monosaccharides combine to form a double sugar Common disaccharides include: Sucrose (table sugar) Lactose (Milk Sugar) Maltose (Grain sugar) Bond called a GLYCOSIDIC bond
5 POLYSACCHARIDES many sugars bonded together; Example? Starch Glycogen stored in animal cells only (liver) Cellulose stored stored in plant cells only (cell wall)
6 Examples of Polysaccharides Glucose Monomer Starch Glycogen Cellulose
7 LIPIDS Store energy (long-term) due to many C-H C H bonds (hydrocarbons) Atoms? Monomer Nonpolar Difference in saturated & unsaturated fats?
8
9 3 Categories of Lipids Triglycerides monomer Waxes fatty acid chain bonded to an alcohol (very polar); protective coatings Phospholipids two fatty acid tails (nonpolar)) attached to a phosphate head (polar); found in cell membranes
10 Triglyceride Glycerol Fatty Acid Chains
11 Phospholipid
12 PROTEINS Provide structural support for cells, transport, contraction Atoms? Monomers amino acids There are 20 different amino acids Structure of AA? (Fig. 3-11) 3 Peptide bonds bonds formed b/t amino acids (dipeptide( dipeptide/polypeptide)
13 Linking Amino Acids Carboxyl Amino Side Group Dehydration Synthesis Peptide Bond
14 4 SHAPES OF PROTEINS Primary amino acid structure Secondary alpha-helix helix or beta- pleated sheet Tertiary structure folds over Quarternary 2 2 or more polypeptides
15 Primary Protein Structure The primary structure is the specific sequence of amino acids in a protein Amino Acid
16 Protein Structures Secondary protein structures occur when protein chains coil or fold When protein chains called polypeptides join together, the tertiary structure forms because R groups interact with each other In the watery environment of a cell, proteins become globular in their quaternary structure
17 Protein Structures or CONFORMATIONS Hydrogen bond Amino acid (a) Primary structure Pleated sheet Polypeptide (single subunit) Hydrogen bond Alpha helix (b) Secondary structure (c) Tertiary structure (d) Quaternary structure
18 Shape determines function Changing the shape of a protein is called denaturation and can be caused by different factors.
19 Denaturating Proteins Changes in temperature & ph can denature (unfold) a protein so it no longer works Cooking denatures protein in eggs Milk protein separates into curds & whey when it denatures
20 ENZYMES A type of protein that control the rate of chemical reactions by weakening bonds, thus lowering the amount of activation energy needed for the reaction Substrate substance substance being catalyzed; enzyme binds to it Active site area on enzyme that fits into an area on the substrate (lock & key model vs. induced fit)
21 Enzymes Enzymes are globular proteins. Their folded conformation creates an area known as the active site. The nature and arrangement of amino acids in the active site make it specific for only one type of substrate.
22 Enzyme + Substrate = Product
23 How the Enzyme Works Enzymes are reusable!!! Active site changes SHAPE Called INDUCED FIT
24 FACTORS AFFECTING ENZYME ACTIVITY Temperature ph Concentration of enzymes Concentration of substrates
25
26 Other Important Proteins Blood sugar level is controlled by a protein called insulin Insulin causes the liver to uptake and store excess sugar as Glycogen The cell membrane also contains proteins Receptor proteins help cells recognize other cells
27 INSULIN Cell membrane with proteins & phospholipids
28 NUCLEIC ACIDS Monomer Atoms? Very large and complex 2 kinds:
29 Nucleotide Nucleic acid monomer
30
31 DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid Carries hereditary information that is important for all cell activity Contains the sugar DEOXYRIBOSE Contains four bases: Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Thymine (T) Cytosine (C)
32 RNA Ribonucleic Acid Stores and transfers information necessary for making proteins Contains the sugar RIBOSE Contains the same bases as DNA EXCEPT that RNA has uracil instead of thymine.
33
34 The End
BIOCHEMISTRY. How Are Macromolecules Formed? Dehydration Synthesis or condensation reaction Polymers formed by combining monomers and removing water.
BIOCHEMISTRY Organic compounds Compounds that contain carbon are called organic. Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon. Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds with as
Macromolecules. copyright cmassengale
Macromolecules 1 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 2 Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent
Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules.
Macromolecules Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent
The Building blocks of life. Macromolecules
The Building blocks of life Macromolecules 1 copyright cmassengale 2 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 3 LIFE ON EARTH IS CARBON-BASED
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life. Chapter 3
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent
Carbon. Isomers. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Carbon Chapter 3 Framework of biological molecules consists primarily of carbon bonded to Carbon O, N, S, P or H Can form up to 4 covalent bonds Hydrocarbons molecule
Biological Molecules
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent bonds. Carbon may
Biological Molecules. Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids
Biological Molecules Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids Organic Molecules Always contain Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) Carbon is missing four electrons Capable of forming 4 covalent bonds
Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors.
Biochemistry II Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Metabolism the sum of all biochemical processes 2 Metabolic Processes Anabolism-
Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules.
Macromolecules 1 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 2 Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent
What are the molecules of life?
Molecules of Life What are the molecules of life? Organic Compounds Complex Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Organic Compounds Carbon- hydrogen based molecules From Structure to Function Ø Carbon
Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes. Unit 02
Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes Unit 02 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. What is Carbon? Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds
Macro molecule = is all the reactions that take place in cells, the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism Anabolism:
Macromolecule Macro molecule = molecule that is built up from smaller units The smaller single subunits that make up macromolecules are known as Joining two or more single units together form a M is all
Biological Molecules
Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids Is it made of carbohydrates? Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. A carbohydrate with 6 carbon atoms would have
Unit #2: Biochemistry
Unit #2: Biochemistry STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF FOUR MACROMOLECULES What are the four main biomolecules? How is each biomolecule structured? What are their roles in life? Where do we find them in our body?
Lesson 2. Biological Molecules. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1
Lesson 2 Biological Molecules Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Carbon in Biological Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) Example: glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Inorganic
Organic Molecules. 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1
Organic Molecules 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1 Carbohydrates Commonly called sugars and starches Consist of C, H, O with H:O ration 2:1 Usually classified as to sugar units Monosaccharide are single sugar
The Carbon Atom (cont.)
Organic Molecules Organic Chemistry The chemistry of the living world. Organic Molecule a molecule containing carbon and hydrogen Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell and can share electrons with
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon bonded to other elements
Macromolecules. Honors Biology
Macromolecules onors Biology 1 The building materials of the body are known as macromolecules because they can be very large There are four types of macromolecules: 1. Proteins 2. Nucleic acids 3. arbohydrates
Chapter 2. Chemical Composition of the Body
Chapter 2 Chemical Composition of the Body Carbohydrates Organic molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen General formula C n H 2n O n -ose denotes a sugar molecule Supply energy Glucose Complex
Chapter 5 THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF LARGE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
Chapter 5 THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF LARGE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES You Must Know The role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic compounds and hydrolysis in the digestion of organic compounds.
Macromolecules. 3. There are several levels of protein structure, the most complex of which is A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary
Macromolecules 1. If you remove all of the functional groups from an organic molecule so that it has only carbon and hydrogen atoms, the molecule become a molecule. A) carbohydrate B) carbonyl C) carboxyl
Chapter 3. Table of Contents. Section 1 Carbon Compounds. Section 2 Molecules of Life. Biochemistry
Biochemistry Table of Contents Section 1 Carbon Compounds Section 2 Molecules of Life Section 1 Carbon Compounds Objectives Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. Explain the importance of
All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:
Biochemistry Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic
Organic Compounds. (Carbon Compounds) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
Organic Compounds (Carbon Compounds) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Carbon s Bonding Behavior Outer shell of carbon has 4 electrons; can hold 8 Each carbon atom can form covalent bonds with
All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:
Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic compounds
Unit 3: Chemistry of Life Mr. Nagel Meade High School
Unit 3: Chemistry of Life Mr. Nagel Meade High School IB Syllabus Statements 3.2.1 Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. 3.2.2 Identify amino acids, glucose, ribose and fatty acids from
Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules
Biology Chapter 5 Biological macromolecules Small molecules (like water and NaCl) have certain properties that arise from the bonds which hold atoms together in a particular arrangement. Many of the molecules
Introduction to Macromolecules. If you were to look at the nutrition label of whole milk, what main items stick out?
Introduction to Macromolecules Macromolecules are a set of molecules that are found in living organisms. Macromolecules essentially mean big molecules as the word macro means large. The functions of these
Biology 5A Fall 2010 Macromolecules Chapter 5
Learning Outcomes: Macromolecules List and describe the four major classes of molecules Describe the formation of a glycosidic linkage and distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
Biology Kevin Dees. Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules
Biology Chapter 5 Biological macromolecules Small molecules (like water and NaCl) have certain properties that arise from the bonds which hold atoms together in a particular arrangement. Many of the molecules
Biology: Life on Earth Chapter 3 Molecules of life
Biology: Life on Earth Chapter 3 Molecules of life Chapter 3 Outline 3.1 Why Is Carbon So Important in Biological Molecules? p. 38 3.2 How Are Organic Molecules Synthesized? p. 38 3.3 What Are Carbohydrates?
Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name:
Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name: Many molecules of life are.(means many molecules joined together) Monomers: that exist individually Polymers: Large organic molecules
The Amazing Molecule: Water
The Amazing Molecule: Water All living things are made of chemicals. Understanding life requires an understanding of chemistry. Biochemistry- the chemistry of life helps us understand todays biological
Can you explain that monomers are smaller units from which larger molecules are made?
Biological molecules Can you explain that all living things have a similar biochemical basis? Can you explain that monomers are smaller units from which larger molecules are made? Can you describe polymers
The Atoms of Life. What are other elements would you expect to be on this list? Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes)
Macromolecules The Atoms of Life The most frequently found atoms in the body are Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes) What are other elements would you expect to be on this list?
Carbon. p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms
Organic Compounds Carbon p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms n Gives carbon the ability to form chains that are almost unlimited in length. p Organic
Macromolecules. Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if you ve forgotten some of it), read the Chemistry Review Notes on your own.
Macromolecules Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if you ve forgotten some of it), read the Chemistry Review Notes on your own. Macromolecules are giant molecules made up of thousands or hundreds
Composed of long chains of smaller molecules Macromolecules are formed through the process of polymerization
Chapter 5, Campbell Composed of long chains of smaller molecules Macromolecules are formed through the process of polymerization. Polymerization = large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together
The. Crash Course. Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O)
The Biochemistry Crash Course Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O) This exercise is designed to familiarize you with
Biological Chemistry. Is biochemistry fun? - Find it out!
Biological Chemistry Is biochemistry fun? - Find it out! 1. Key concepts Outline 2. Condensation and Hydrolysis Reactions 3. Carbohydrates 4. Lipids 5. Proteins 6. Nucleic Acids Key Concepts: 1. Organic
Chapter 3: Macromolecules. 1. Carbohydrates. Polysaccharides. Maltose is a disaccharide. Macromolecules (in general) Most macromolecules are polymers
Chapter 3: Macromolecules Macromolecules is just a fancy word for: Giant Molecules Made From Smaller Building Blocks Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Macromolecules (in general) Most macromolecules
Chapter Three (Biochemistry)
Chapter Three (Biochemistry) 1 SECTION ONE: CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON BONDING All compounds can be classified in two broad categories: organic compounds and inorganic compounds. Organic compounds are made
Chp 2 (cont.) Organic Molecules. Spider s web and close up of capture strand - spider silk protein
Chp 2 (cont.) Organic Molecules Spider s web and close up of capture strand - spider silk protein 1! Molecular Diversity is Based on Carbon An organic molecule contains both carbon and hydrogen. Ex: Methane
Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates)
Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates) The Chemistry of Carbon (Organic Chemistry) Organic Chemistry: The study of compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Carbon can bond with many
CHAPTER 3. Carbon & the Molecular Diversity of Life
CHAPTER 3 Carbon & the Molecular Diversity of Life Carbon: The Organic Element Compounds that are synthesized by cells and contain carbon are organic So what is inorganic? Why are carbon compounds so prevalent?
3.1 Carbon is Central to the Living World
BIOL 100 Ch. 3 1 3.1 Carbon is Central to the Living World Carbon Central element to life Most biological molecules are built on a carbon framework. Organic molecules Humans 18.5% Carbon Why is Carbon
Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life
Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life State Standards Standard 1.h. Standard 5.a. Standard 4.e. Organic Molecules A cell is mostly water. The rest of the cell consists mostly of carbon based molecules organic
Essential Components of Food
Essential Components of Food The elements of life living things are mostly (98%) made of 6 elements: C carbon H hydrogen O oxygen P phosphorus N nitrogen S sulphur -each element makes a specific number
Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE
Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE Name: Per: Date: All plants, animals and microorganisms use carbohydrates as sources of energy. Carbohydrates are also used as structural building
Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes
Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon
Types of macromolecules. Proteins. Amino acids 9/15/2010. Carbohydrates. Lipids. Proteins. Nucleic acids
Types of macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Proteins Chief building blocks of life 1000s of proteins Lots of different functions, but all built the same way & from the same raw
Chapter 2 pt 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Life. Gregory Ahearn. John Crocker. Including the lecture Materials of
Chapter 2 pt 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Life Including the lecture Materials of Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida with amendments and additions by John Crocker Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc..
Chapter 3- Organic Molecules
Chapter 3- Organic Molecules CHNOPS Six of the most abundant elements of life (make up 95% of the weight of all living things)! What are they used for? Structures, enzymes, energy, hormones, DNA How do
Biology. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Biology 1 of 37 2 of 37 The Chemistry of Carbon The Chemistry of Carbon Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. 3 of 37 Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules
Organic Chemistry. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl.
Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl. Organic Compounds - have carbon bonded to other atoms and determine structure/function
Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview 2.3 THINK ABOUT IT In the early 1800s, many chemists called the compounds created by organisms organic, believing they were fundamentally different from
Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Name Period Concept 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 1. The large molecules of all living things fall into just four main classes. Name them. 2. Circle the three classes that are called
2 3 Carbon Compounds Slide 1 of 37
1 of 37 The Chemistry of Carbon The Chemistry of Carbon Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Carbon atoms have four valence electrons that can join with
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Reading Assignments Read Chapter 4 (Protein structure & Function) Biological Substances found in Living Tissues The big four in terms of macromolecules
Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview 2.3 THINK ABOUT IT In the early 1800s, many chemists called the compounds created by organisms organic, believing they were fundamentally different from compounds in nonliving things. We
A. Lipids: Water-Insoluble Molecules
Biological Substances found in Living Tissues Lecture Series 3 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function A. Lipids: Water-Insoluble Lipids can form large biological molecules, but these aggregations
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Reading Assignments Read Chapter 4 (Protein structure & Function) Biological Substances found in Living Tissues The big four in terms of macromolecules
Many of the compounds we are concerned with in biology are carbon-based compounds The study of carbon-based compounds is called organic chemistry
1 2 3 4 Bio 1101 Lecture 3 Chapter 3: Molecules of Life Organic Molecules Many of the compounds we are concerned with in biology are carbon-based compounds The study of carbon-based compounds is called
Carbon. Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements. Can bond to other carbon atoms. Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen
Organic Compounds Carbon Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Can bond to other carbon atoms Gives carbon the ability to form chains
3. Hydrogen bonds form between which atoms? Between an electropositive hydrogen and an electronegative N, O or F.
Chemistry of Life Answers 1. Differentiate between an ionic and covalent bond. Provide an example for each. Ionic: occurs between metals and non-metals, e.g., NaCl Covalent: occurs between two non-metals;
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2 Carbohydrates are Polymers of Monosaccharides Three different ways to represent a monosaccharide Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are sugars and starches and provide
the nature and importance of biomacromolecules in the chemistry of the cell: synthesis of biomacromolecules through the condensation reaction lipids
the nature and importance of biomacromolecules in the chemistry of the cell: synthesis of biomacromolecules through the condensation reaction lipids and their sub-units; the role of lipids in the plasma
General Biology 1004 Chapter 3 Lecture Handout, Summer 2005 Dr. Frisby
Slide 1 CHAPTER 3 The Molecules of Life PowerPoint Lecture Slides for Essential Biology, Second Edition & Essential Biology with Physiology Presentation prepared by Chris C. Romero Copyright 2004 Pearson
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Reading Assignments Read Chapter 4 (Protein structure & Function) Biological Substances found in Living Tissues The big four in terms of macromolecules
Molecule - two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Ex. = water, H O
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? * All of life is built on carbon * Cells are made up of about 72% water 3% salts (NaCl, and K) 25% carbon compounds which
Chemistry of Carbon. All living things rely on one particular type of molecule: carbon
Ach Chemistry of Carbon All living things rely on one particular type of molecule: carbon Carbon atom with an outer shell of four electrons can form covalent bonds with four atoms. In organic molecules,
WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR MICROBIOLOGY WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? An understanding of chemistry is essential to understand cellular structure and function, which are paramount for your understanding
2.3: Carbon- Based Molecules
2.3: Carbon- Based Molecules Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life. Bonding Properties of Carbon Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. 1 3,
Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms
Name: Period: Date: Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight.
CHAPTER 2- BIOCHEMISTRY I. WATER (VERY IMPORTANT TO LIVING ORGANISMS) A. POLAR COMPOUND- 10/4/ H O KENNEDY BIOLOGY 1AB
CHAPTER 2- BIOCHEMISTRY KENNEDY BIOLOGY 1AB I. WATER (VERY IMPORTANT TO LIVING ORGANISMS) WATER S UNIQUE PROPERTIES MAKE IT ESSENTIAL FOR ALL LIFE FUNCTIONS IT IS POLAR, AND HAS BOTH ADHESIVE AND COHESIVE
The building blocks of life.
The building blocks of life. The 4 Major Organic Biomolecules The large molecules (biomolecules OR polymers) are formed when smaller building blocks (monomers) bond covalently. via anabolism Small molecules
Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview 2.3 The Chemistry of Carbon What elements does carbon bond with to make up life s molecules? Carbon can bond with many elements, including Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam Name: Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a (n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
NAME DATE Chapter 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Guided Reading Concept 5.1: Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 1. The large molecules of all living things fall
Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 1. Name the four main classes of organic molecules found in all living things. Which of the four are classified as macromolecules. Define
Chapter 3 Guided Reading Notes Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
AP Biology Name: Block Chapter 3 Guided Reading Notes Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life Most of this chapter is new material. We will discuss it all in detail. Section 1 1. Make an electron distribution
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules I. Polymers What is a polymer? Poly = many; mer = part. A polymer is a large molecule consisting of many smaller sub-units bonded together. What is a monomer?
Name: Per. HONORS: Molecules of Life
Name: Per. HONORS: Molecules of Life Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are classes of organic molecules that are essential to the life processes of all living things. All three classes of molecules are
Carbon s Bonding Pattern
Organic Compounds It used to be thought that only living things could synthesize the complicated carbon compounds found in cells German chemists in the 1800 s learned how to do this in the lab, showing
I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers. Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis
I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis 1 Dehydration Synthesis: Figure 3: Depolymerization via Hydrolysis Hydrolysis:
Agenda. Chapter 3: Macromolecules. 1. Carbohydrates. Macromolecules (in general) What are organic compounds?
Agenda Chapter 3 The molecules of life Macromolecules --Detour into Healthy Pig Land 4. Nucelic acids Chapter 3: Macromolecules Macromolecules is just a fancy word for: Giant Molecules Made From Smaller
Biological Molecules Ch 2: Chemistry Comes to Life
Outline Biological Molecules Ch 2: Chemistry Comes to Life Biol 105 Lecture 3 Reading Chapter 2 (pages 31 39) Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Amino acids and Proteins Nucleotides and Nucleic
2 3 Carbon Compounds. Proteins. Proteins
2 3 Carbon Compounds Proteins Proteins Proteins are macromolecules that contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Proteins are polymers of molecules called amino acids. There are 20 amino acids,
Biological molecules
Biological molecules 04-04-16 Announcements Your lab report 1 is due now Quiz 1 is on Wednesday at the beginning of class, so don t be late Review Macromolecues are large molecules necessary for life made
Activity: Biologically Important Molecules
Activity: Biologically Important Molecules AP Biology Introduction We have already seen in our study of biochemistry that the molecules that comprise living things are carbon-based, and that they are thought
2.2 Cell Construction
2.2 Cell Construction Elemental composition of typical bacterial cell C 50%, O 20%, N 14%, H 8%, P 3%, S 1%, and others (K +, Na +, Ca 2+, Mg 2+, Cl -, vitamin) Molecular building blocks Lipids Carbohydrates
Macromolecules. Molecules of Life
Macromolecules Molecules of Life Learning Objectives know the difference between a dehydration synthesis reaction and a hydrolysis reaction know the different types of biological macromolecules be able
Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment
Class: Date: Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment Multiple Choice dentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Corn seedlings A student wanted to design an investigation to see
Organic Compounds. Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury
Organic Compounds Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury Carbon Chemistry The compounds that form the cells and tissues of the body are produced from similar compounds in the foods you eat. Common to most foods and
Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam KEY Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,