7.2 Changing Behavior Through Reinforcement and Punishment: Operant
|
|
|
- Thomas Armstrong
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author. Keane, T. M., Zimering, R. T., & Caddell, J. M. (1985). A behavioral formulation of posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans. The Behavior Therapist, 8(1), Milad, M. R., Pitman, R. K., Ellis, C. B., Gold, A. L., Shin, L. M., Lasko, N. B., Rauch, S. L. (2009). Neurobiological basis of failure to recall extinction memory in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 66(12), Changing Behavior Through Reinforcement and Punishment: Operant Conditioning LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Outline the principles of operant conditioning. 2. Explain how learning can be shaped through the use of reinforcement schedules and secondary reinforcers. How Reinforcement and Punishment Influence Behavior: The Research of Thorndike and Skinner
2 d in b d out Video Clip: Thorndike s Puzzle Box
3 Table 7.1 How Positive and Negative Reinforcement and Punishment Influence Behavior
4
5 Creating Complex Behaviors Through Operant Conditioning Table 7.2 Reinforcement Schedules
6 Figure 7.7 Examples of Response Patterns by Animals Trained Under Different Partial Reinforcement Schedules
7 Schedules based on the number of responses (ratio types) induce greater response rate than do schedules based on elapsed time (interval types). Also, unpredictable schedules (variable types) produce stronger responses than do predictable schedules (fixed types). Source: Adapted from Kassin, S. (2003). Essentials of psychology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Retrieved from Essentials of PsychologyPrentice Hall Companion Website:
8 KEY TAKEAWAYS
9 Edward Thorndike developed the law of effect: the principle that responses that create a typically pleasant outcome in a particular situation are more likely to occur again in a similar situation, whereas responses that produce a typically unpleasant outcome are less likely to occur again in the situation. B. F. Skinner expanded on Thorndike s ideas to develop a set of principles to explain operant conditioning. Positive reinforcement strengthens a response by presenting something that is typically pleasant after the response, whereas negative reinforcement strengthens a response by reducing or removing something that is typically unpleasant. Positive punishment weakens a response by presenting something typically unpleasant after the response, whereas negative punishment weakens a response by reducing or removing something that is typically pleasant. Reinforcement may be either partial or continuous. Partial reinforcement schedules are determined by whether the reinforcement is presented on the basis of the time that elapses between reinforcements (interval) or on the basis of the number of responses that the organism engages in (ratio), and by whether the reinforcement occurs on a regular (fixed) or unpredictable (variable) schedule. Complex behaviors may be created through shaping, the process of guiding an organism s behavior to the desired outcome through the use of successive approximation to a final desired behavior. EXERCISES AND CRITICAL THINKING 1. Give an example from daily life of each of the following: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, negative punishment. 2. Consider the reinforcement techniques that you might use to train a dog to catch and retrieve a Frisbee that you throw to it. 3. Watch the following two videos from current television shows. Can you determine which learning procedures are being demonstrated? a. The Office: experiment
Chapter 6: Learning The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 6: Learning Learning A relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience Distinguishes between changes due to maturation and changes brought about by experience Distinguishes
Classical Conditioning. Learning. Classical conditioning terms. Classical Conditioning Procedure. Procedure, cont. Important concepts
Learning Classical Conditioning Pavlov study of digestion dogs salivate before getting food learning as signal detection: emphasis on what happens before a given behavior Classical conditioning terms Stimulus:
Chapter 5: How Do We Learn?
Chapter 5: How Do We Learn? Defining Learning A relatively permanent change in behavior or the potential for behavior that results from experience Results from many life experiences, not just structured
Module 10b--Operant and Cognitive Approaches
Module 10b--Operant and Cognitive Approaches Student: 1. Classical conditioning involves behavior and its consequences. 2. According to the law of effect, behavior that is followed by positive consequences
Objectives. 1. Operationally define terms relevant to theories of learning. 2. Examine learning theories that are currently important.
Objectives 1. Operationally define terms relevant to theories of learning. 2. Examine learning theories that are currently important. Learning Theories Behaviorism Cognitivism Social Constructivism Behaviorism
Module 27: Operant Conditioning
Module 27: Operant Conditioning Part II Describe operant conditioning, and explain how operant behavior is reinforced and shaped. Discuss the difference between positive and negative reinforcement, and
Spontaneous recovery. Module 18. Processes of Conditioning. Classical Conditioning (cont d)
Module 18 Classical Conditioning (cont d) Processes of Conditioning Acquisition Extinction Spontaneous Recovery Stimulus Generalization/ Discrimination Spontaneous recovery The re-emergence of an extinguished
Unit 6 Learning.
Unit 6 Learning https://www.apstudynotes.org/psychology/outlines/chapter-6-learning/ 1. Overview 1. Learning 1. A long lasting change in behavior resulting from experience 2. Classical Conditioning 1.
Why do people like extra credit?
Why do people like extra credit? CLASS OBJECTIVES: What is Operant Conditioning? Ch.8-Learning Classical Conditioning was a good start but B. F. Skinner believed that more behaviors can be explained through
Operant Conditioning. Reward Punishment Association of events in time
Operant Conditioning A type of learning in which behavior occurs more frequently if followed by reinforcement or occurs less frequently if followed by punishment. How is this different from classical conditioning?
Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning Classical vs. Operant Conditioning With classical conditioning you can teach a dog to salivate, but you cannot teach it to sit up or roll over. Why? Salivation is an involuntary reflex,
Chapter 7 Behavior and Social Cognitive Approaches
Chapter 7 Behavior and Social Cognitive Approaches What is Learning o What Learning Is and Is Not Learning - a relatively permanent influence on behavior, knowledge, and thinking skills that comes about
Outline. History of Learning Theory. Pavlov s Experiment: Step 1. Associative learning 9/26/2012. Nature or Nurture
Outline What is learning? Associative Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Observational Learning History of Learning Theory Nature or Nurture BEHAVIORISM Tabula Rasa Learning: Systematic,
Learning Theories - Behaviourism -
Learning Theories - Behaviourism - Kimberley A. Clow kclow2@uwo.ca http://instruct.uwo.ca/psychology/257e-570 Office Hour: Thursdays 2-3pm Office: S302 Outline What is Learning? Classical Conditioning
Learning. AP PSYCHOLOGY Unit 4
Learning AP PSYCHOLOGY Unit 4 Learning Learning is a lasting change in behavior or mental process as the result of an experience. There are two important parts: a lasting change a simple reflexive reaction
CHAPTER 6. Learning. Lecture Overview. Introductory Definitions PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY
Learning CHAPTER 6 Write down important terms in this video. Explain Skinner s view on Free Will. Lecture Overview Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Cognitive-Social Learning The Biology of Learning
PSYCHOLOGY. Chapter 6 LEARNING PowerPoint Image Slideshow
PSYCHOLOGY Chapter 6 LEARNING PowerPoint Image Slideshow Learning? What s that? A relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice. Note that learning is NOT the same as
June 16, The retina has two types of light-sensitive receptor cells (or photoreceptors) called rods and cones.
K K The retina has two types of light-sensitive receptor cells (or photoreceptors) called rods and cones. rods: 75 to 150 million cells which are very sensitive to all levels of light. cones: 6 to 7 million
Chapter 6/9: Learning
Chapter 6/9: Learning Learning A relatively durable change in behavior or knowledge that is due to experience. The acquisition of knowledge, skills, and behavior through reinforcement, modeling and natural
Schedules of Reinforcement 11/11/11
Schedules of Reinforcement 11/11/11 Reinforcement Schedules Intermittent Reinforcement: A type of reinforcement schedule by which some, but not all, correct responses are reinforced. Intermittent reinforcement
Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning Classical v. Operant Conditioning Both classical and operant conditioning use acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, and discrimination. Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning: a learning theory of attachments
Operant conditioning: a learning theory of attachments B.F. Skinner The Mac Daddy of Operant Conditioning. Nurture guy through and through. Skinner s experiments extend Thorndike s thinking, especially
Foundations of Individual Behavior
Robbins & Judge Organizational Behavior 13th Edition Foundations of Individual Behavior Bob Stretch Southwestern College 2-0 Chapter Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able
Associative Learning
Learning Learning Associative Learning Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Observational Learning Biological Components of Learning Cognitive Components of Learning Behavioral Therapies Associative
GCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 LEARNING REVISION
GCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 LEARNING REVISION GCSE PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 2 CLASSICAL CONDITIONING LEARNING LEARNING= Is a relatively permanent change in behaviour due to experience Some behaviours are learnt, but
Learning Activity 1 Review questions
465 Learning Activity 1 1 In your own words, explain trial and error learning. Describe a personal example of the use of trial and error learning in everyday life. 2 a Explain the meaning of the term instrumental
Learning. Learning. Learning via Association 1/8/2012. Chapter Eight. Change in an organism s behavior or thought as a result of experience
Chapter Eight Learning Learning Change in an organism s behavior or thought as a result of experience Many different kinds, most basic are habituation and sensitization Responding to stimuli less or moreover
Theories of Learning
Theories of Learning Learning Classical conditioning Classical conditioning in real life Operant conditioning Operant conditioning in real life Learning and the mind Watson s Extreme Environmentalism Give
Psychology 020 Chapter 7: Learning Tues. Nov. 6th, 2007
Psychology 020 Chapter 7: Learning Tues. Nov. 6th, 2007 What is involved in learning? Evolution -The changes in behaviour that accumulate across generations are stored in the genes Combined with natural
Strengthening Operant Behavior: Schedules of Reinforcement. reinforcement occurs after every desired behavior is exhibited
OPERANT CONDITIONING Strengthening Operant Behavior: Schedules of Reinforcement CONTINUOUS REINFORCEMENT SCHEDULE reinforcement occurs after every desired behavior is exhibited pro: necessary for initial
Unit 5: Learning. Topic: Operant Conditioning
Unit 5: Learning Topic: Operant Conditioning 1874-1949 key name Edward THORNDIKE Proposed the Law of Effect behaviors followed by favorable outcomes are more likely conducted puzzle box experiments on
acquisition associative learning behaviorism B. F. Skinner biofeedback
acquisition associative learning in classical conditioning the initial stage when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned
Behaviorism & Education
Behaviorism & Education Early Psychology (the use of nonobjective methods such as Introspection) Learning = behavior change movement toward objective methods Behaviorism Pavlov, Skinner (Focus on SàR)
Module 14 8/12/2010. How do human needs and job designs. affect motivation to work? How do thought processes and decisions
Module 14 Module 14 Motivation How do human needs and job designs influence motivation to work? How do thought processes and decisions affect motivation to work? What role does reinforcement play in motivation?
Chapter 7. Learning From Experience
Learning From Experience Psychology, Fifth Edition, James S. Nairne What s It For? Learning From Experience Noticing and Ignoring Learning What Events Signal Learning About the Consequences of Our Behavior
Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning - a type of learning in which one learns to link two stimuli and anticipate events.
Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning - a type of learning in which one learns to link two stimuli and anticipate events. behaviorism - the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science
Chapter 5: Learning and Behavior Learning How Learning is Studied Ivan Pavlov Edward Thorndike eliciting stimulus emitted
Chapter 5: Learning and Behavior A. Learning-long lasting changes in the environmental guidance of behavior as a result of experience B. Learning emphasizes the fact that individual environments also play
Overview. Non-associative learning. Associative Learning Classical conditioning Instrumental/operant conditioning. Observational learning
Learning Part II Non-associative learning Overview Associative Learning Classical conditioning Instrumental/operant conditioning Observational learning Thorndike and Law of Effect Classical Conditioning
Gamification: What can pigeons teach us about highway safety?
Gamification: What can pigeons teach us about highway safety? Michael Lee Psychology Graduate Student Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments User Experience Lab Overview Gamification Using game
Name. True or False: 1. Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience. True False
Chapter 5 Quiz Name Learning (Modules 15, 16, 17) True or False: 1. Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience. 2. A stimulus that naturally brings about a particular
an ability that has been acquired by training (process) acquisition aversive conditioning behavior modification biological preparedness
acquisition an ability that has been acquired by training (process) aversive conditioning A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such
PTSD and the brain: What clinicians need to know
PTSD and the brain: What clinicians need to know Namik Kirlić, MA Elana Newman, PhD Underexplored Territories in Trauma Education: Charting Frontiers for Clinicians and Researchers The University of Tulsa
Chapter Two: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology. Rick Grieve, Ph.D. Western Kentucky University
Chapter Two: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology Rick Grieve, Ph.D. Western Kentucky University Biological Perspective Medical Model Abnormal behavior seen as a symptom of an underlying disease
Psychology in Your Life
Sarah Grison Todd Heatherton Michael Gazzaniga Psychology in Your Life FIRST EDITION Chapter 6 Learning 2014 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. Section 6.1 How Do the Parts of Our Brains Function? 6.1 What Are
Learning. Learning: Problems. Chapter 6: Learning
Chapter 6: Learning 1 Learning 1. In perception we studied that we are responsive to stimuli in the external world. Although some of these stimulus-response associations are innate many are learnt. 2.
Learning & Conditioning
Exam 1 Frequency Distribution Exam 1 Results Mean = 48, Median = 49, Mode = 54 16 14 12 10 Frequency 8 6 4 2 0 20 24 27 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
Operant Conditioning B.F. SKINNER
Operant Conditioning B.F. SKINNER Reinforcement in Operant Conditioning Behavior Consequence Patronize Elmo s Diner It s all a matter of consequences. Rewarding Stimulus Presented Tendency to tell jokes
Unit 06 - Overview. Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.
Unit 06 - Overview How We Learn and Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Operant Conditioning s Applications, and Comparison to Classical Conditioning Biology, Cognition, and Learning Learning By
Bronze statue of Pavlov and one of his dogs located on the grounds of his laboratory at Koltushi Photo taken by Jackie D. Wood, June 2004.
Ivan Pavlov http://physiologyonline.physiology.org/ cgi/content/full/19/6/326 Bronze statue of Pavlov and one of his dogs located on the grounds of his laboratory at Koltushi Photo taken by Jackie D. Wood,
What is Behavior? Course Objectives. What is Behavior? 11/2/13. (And how do we manage it?)
What is? (And how do we manage it?) Sandra Brown, MS, OTR/L, BCP, BCBA Course Objectives Define behavior including appropriate vs. inappropriate Learn the A-B-Cs of behavior Define what increases and decreases
I. Content Presentation. II. Learning Situation. IV. Reflection. III. Observation
I. Content Presentation II. Learning Situation III. Observation IV. Reflection Defining Learning Definition of Behaviorism Three earlier behaviorists and their contributions Ivan Pavlov B.F. Skinner E.L.
Learning Chapter 6 1
Learning Chapter 6 1 Learning is a relatively permanent change in an organism s behavior due to experience. 2 Stimulus- Stimulus Learning Learning to associate one stimulus with another. 3 Response- Consequence
9/23/2014. Action-Oriented Theories - Chapter 6. Action-Oriented Approaches. Behavioral Movement - Action-Oriented Theories - Behaviorism -
Chapter 6 Action-Oriented Theories - -Behaviorally specific interventions -Counselor role is directive -Are responsive to third party pay Action-Oriented Approaches 1 2 Action-Oriented Theories - -Behavioral
Chapter 6. Action-Oriented Approaches
Chapter 6 Action-Oriented Approaches 1 Action-Oriented Theories - -Behaviorally specific interventions -Counselor role is directive -Are responsive to third party pay 2 Action-Oriented Theories - -Behavioral
Psychology in Your Life
Sarah Grison Todd Heatherton Michael Gazzaniga Psychology in Your Life SECOND EDITION Chapter 6 Learning 2016 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 1 Humans are learning machines! Learning: A change in behavior,
Chapters Three & Four: Historical and Current Perspectives on Psychopathology. Rick Grieve, Ph.D. Western Kentucky University
Chapters Three & Four: Historical and Current Perspectives on Psychopathology Rick Grieve, Ph.D. Western Kentucky University Biological Perspective Medical Model Abnormal behavior seen as a symptom of
Basic characteristics
Learning Basic characteristics The belief that the universe is lawful and orderly The occurrence of phenomena as a function of the operation of specific variables Objective observation Controlled experiments
Learning. Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior acquired through experience or practice.
Learning Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior acquired through experience or practice. What is Learning? Learning is the process that allows us to adapt (be flexible) to the changing conditions
Counseling and Psychotherapy Theory. Week 5. Cognitive-Behavioral Approach I : Behavioral Approach
Counseling and Psychotherapy Theory Week 5. Cognitive-Behavioral Approach I : Behavioral Approach Contents 1 2 3 Major Concepts and Propositions 1 Overview/Classical Conditioning 2 Operant Conditioning
PSY402 Theories of Learning. Chapter 8, Theories of Appetitive and Aversive Conditioning
PSY402 Theories of Learning Chapter 8, Theories of Appetitive and Aversive Conditioning Operant Conditioning The nature of reinforcement: Premack s probability differential theory Response deprivation
Learning. Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior acquired through experience.
Learning Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior acquired through experience. Classical Conditioning Learning through Association Ivan Pavlov discovered the form of learning called Classical
Learning Habituation Associative learning Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Observational learning. Classical Conditioning Introduction
1 2 3 4 5 Myers Psychology for AP* Unit 6: Learning Unit Overview How Do We Learn? Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Learning by Observation How Do We Learn? Introduction Learning Habituation
Learning: Relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience
Learning: Relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience Does NOT include temporary changes due to disease, fatigue, injury, maturation, or drugs, since these do NOT qualify as learning, even
Learning. Learning. Stimulus Learning. Modification of behavior or understanding Is it nature or nurture?
Learning Chapter 6 Learning Modification of behavior or understanding Is it nature or nurture? Stimulus Learning Habituation: when you pay less attention to something over time response starts out strong
Name: Period: Chapter 7: Learning. 5. What is the difference between classical and operant conditioning?
Name: Period: Chapter 7: Learning Introduction, How We Learn, & Classical Conditioning (pp. 291-304) 1. Learning: 2. What does it mean that we learn by association? 3. Habituation: 4. Associative Learning:
John Broadus Watson, 1930
John Broadus Watson, 1930 J. B. Watson believed in nurture and accepted the proclamation of John Locke which presented the mind as a blank slate upon which experience writes its message In what many have
PSY402 Theories of Learning. Chapter 6 Appetitive Conditioning
PSY402 Theories of Learning Chapter 6 Appetitive Conditioning Midterm Results Animals Search and rescue dogs -- http://www.sardogsus.org/ Dog Tricks Appetitive Conditioning Appetitive something desirable
Learning: Some Key Terms
Learning: Some Key Terms Learning: Relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience Reinforcement: Any event that increases the probability that a response will recur Focus on what can be seen
Learning Theories. Dr. Howie Fine INTRODUCTION. Learning is one of the most researched and discussed area in Psychology.
Learning Theories Dr. Howie Fine 1 INTRODUCTION Learning is one of the most researched and discussed area in Psychology. Learning What? Vs. How? Laymen view learning generally in terms of what is being
1. A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
1. A stimulus change that increases the future frequency of behavior that immediately precedes it. 2. In operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified
Conditioning and Learning. Chapter 7
Conditioning and Learning Chapter 7 Learning is knowledge of skills acquired by instruction or studying. It is a permanent change in behavior due to reinforcement. Reinforcement refers to any event that
Vidya Prasarak Mandal s K. G. Joshi College of Arts and N. G. Bedekar College of Commerce, Thane.
Vidya Prasarak Mandal s K. G. Joshi College of Arts and N. G. Bedekar College of Commerce, Thane. Re-Accredited 'A' Grade by NAAC in 2011 and 2016 Best College Award 2011-12 Community College of University
Classical and Instrumental Conditioning. Lecture 8
Classical and Instrumental Conditioning Lecture 8 1 Basic Procedure for Classical Conditioning CS (Bell) US (Meat Powder) CR (Salivation) UR (Salivation) 2 Acquisition Major Phenomena of Classical Conditioning
CHAPTER 15 SKINNER'S OPERANT ANALYSIS 4/18/2008. Operant Conditioning
CHAPTER 15 SKINNER'S OPERANT ANALYSIS Operant Conditioning Establishment of the linkage or association between a behavior and its consequences. 1 Operant Conditioning Establishment of the linkage or association
Psychology, Ch. 6. Learning Part 1
Psychology, Ch. 6 Learning Part 1 Two Main Types of Learning Associative learning- learning that certain events occur together Cognitive learning- acquisition of mental information, by observing or listening
Neurobiology and Information Processing Theory: the science behind education
Educational Psychology Professor Moos 4 December, 2008 Neurobiology and Information Processing Theory: the science behind education If you were to ask a fifth grader why he goes to school everyday, he
Learning: Operant Conditioning and Social Learning
Operant & Classical Conditioning Learning: Operant Conditioning and Social Learning Chapter 7 (continued) 1 1. Classical conditioning forms associations between stimuli (CS and US). 2. Operant conditioning,
What is Learning? Learning: any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice
CHAPTER 5 learning What is Learning? Learning: any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice When people learn anything, some part of their brain is physically changed
Learning and conditioning
AP Psych Review Assignment Spring 2009 Chapter and Topic of this Review Guide: Learning and conditioning Vocab Term Definition of Term Example Learning Any relatively permanent change in behavior that
9/30/2014. Addictions Counseling. Chapter 12. Addictions Counseling. Addictions Counseling. Addictions Counseling. Addictions Counseling
Chapter 12 Define Alcoholism - 1 2 Alcoholism Nature/Nurture (chicken/egg) -Disease -Behavioral -Excuse (I can t help it) Your 1 st drink 3 4 Why drink anyway? (Taste vs. effects) Stats Half of all ER
3. MAIN THEORIES ON ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT DEL LANGUAGE. 3.1 LEARNING THEORIES: WATSON AND SKINNER OPERANT CONDITIONING
SEC 3 Page 1 of 9 3. MAIN THEORIES ON ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT DEL LANGUAGE. 3.1 LEARNING THEORIES: WATSON AND SKINNER OPERANT CONDITIONING By the 1920s John B. Watson had left academic psychology and
Chapter 12. Addictions Counseling
Chapter 12 Addictions Counseling 1 Addictions Counseling Define Alcoholism - 2 Addictions Counseling Alcoholism Nature/Nurture (chicken/egg) -Disease -Behavioral -Excuse (I can t help it) 3 Addictions
Syllabus Spring 2013
1 Syllabus Spring 2013 Title Behavior Modification Number Psych 322-001 Discipline Psychology Description Behavior modification is a comprehensive technology for the improvement of behavior based on scientifically
Learning. Chapter 7. Unit 6 ~ AP Psychology ~ Ms. Justice
Learning Chapter 7 Unit 6 ~ AP Psychology ~ Ms. Justice BIG IDEAS How do we learn? Classical conditioning Pavlov s Experiments Extending Pavlov s Understanding Pavlov s Legacy Operant conditioning Skinner
STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS 6: Learning Introduction and How Do We Learn? Operant Conditioning Classical Conditioning
STUDY GUIDE ANSWERS 6: Learning Introduction and How Do We Learn? 1. learning 2. associate; associations; associative learning; habituates 3. classical 4. operant 5. observing Classical Conditioning 1.
Review Sheet Learning (7-9%)
Name Ms. Gabriel/Mr. McManus Date Period AP Psychology Review Sheet Learning (7-9%) 1) learning 2) associative learning Classical Conditioning 3) Ivan Pavlov 4) classical conditioning 5) John Watson 6)
Monday 3/26/2012 Warm-up: What is superstition? How do we acquire them? Activities: 1. What is the best or most effective form of punishment for
Monday 3/26/2012 Warm-up: What is superstition? How do we acquire them? Activities: 1. What is the best or most effective form of punishment for teens? Or would reinforcement be more effective? 2. If you
I. Classical Conditioning
Learning Chapter 8 Learning A relatively permanent change in an organism that occur because of prior experience Psychologists must study overt behavior or physical changes to study learning Learning I.
PSYC 221 Introduction to General Psychology
PSYC 221 Introduction to General Psychology Session 5 Learning Lecturer: Dr. Joana Salifu Yendork, Psychology Department Contact Information: jyendork@ug.edu.gh College of Education School of Continuing
Chapter 5 Study Guide
Chapter 5 Study Guide Practice Exam Questions: Which of the following is not included in the definition of learning? It is demonstrated immediately Assuming you have eaten sour pickles before, imagine
GCSE Psychology Learning
GCSE Psychology Learning Student: Tutor: Unit 2: Understanding other people 1 Learning What is classical conditioning? What do we mean when we say we have learnt something? Read the statements below and
Instrumental Conditioning I
Instrumental Conditioning I Basic Procedures and Processes Instrumental or Operant Conditioning? These terms both refer to learned changes in behavior that occur as a result of the consequences of the
Chapter Two. Theory. Theories we ll look at. Theories of Development
Chapter Two Theories of Development 1 Theory lens through which we view our subject matter probably learned about some or all at some point Before we get to our overview, let s start with three clicker
acquisition associative learning behaviorism A type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events
acquisition associative learning In classical conditioning, the initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned
Learning. 3. Which of the following is an example of a generalized reinforcer? (A) chocolate cake (B) water (C) money (D) applause (E) high grades
Learning Practice Questions Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case. 1. Just before something
Instrumental Conditioning
Instrumental Conditioning Instrumental Conditioning Psychology 390 Psychology of Learning Steven E. Meier, Ph.D. Listen to the audio lecture while viewing these slides In CC, the relationship between the
Learning Behavior and Search Optimization Dr. Angela Bartels Bundeswehr School of Dog Handling VS NUR FÜR DEN DIENSTGEBRAUCH
Learning Behavior and Search Optimization Dr. Angela Bartels Bundeswehr School of Dog Handling 1 Introduction Each dog handler should have fundamental knowledge about learning behavior (classical / instrumental
Psychology - Problem Drill 09: Learning
Psychology - Problem Drill 09: Learning No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper 1. Which of the following is an example of
Classical Conditioning & Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning & Operant Conditioning What is Classical Conditioning? Learning Objective: Students will be able to describe the difference between Classical and Operant Conditioning. How Do We