A Tour Through the Wonderful World of Intersectional Peonies

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "A Tour Through the Wonderful World of Intersectional Peonies"

Jasmine Greene
6 years ago
Views:

1 A Tour Through the Wonderful World of Intersectional Peonies 12 June 04 Don Smith Breeder of exceptional intersectional hybrids yellowpeoniesandmore.com

2 Acknowledgements I am grateful to the following people for providing help, support, encouragement and inspiration Roger Anderson Bill Seidl Don Hollingsworth Chris Laning And the late L. Roy Pehrson, Louis Smirnow & Toichi Itõ 2

3 Yellow Peonies and More Smith Family Yellow (Smith, 2002) 3

4 Yellow Peonies and More Smith Family Jewel (Smith, 2002) 4

5 Yellow Peonies and More Impossible Dream (Smith, 2004) 5

6 Yellow Peonies and More Singing in the Rain Smith Family Jewel Magical Mystery Tour Smith Family Yellow Yellow Doodle Dandy Strawberry Blonde Reverse Magic Build Me Up Buttercup Maximus Glorious Yankee Doodle Dandy Scrum-didley-umptious Golden Delicious 6

7 Yellow Peonies and More Candy Cane Massachusetts Moonshine Screaming Yellow Delight Garden Joy Pink Double Dandy Pink Passion Cherry Garciaparra Ka Berry Ka Bloom Sail Away Mother of the Bride Yellow Ka Boom Golden Extra 7

8 Yellow Peonies and More Unnamed R4P16 Rocket s Red Glare Screaming Yellow Zonker Unnamed R3P2 Unnamed R3P1 Impossible Dream Berry Nice Haleigh s Comet Mock Orange Yellow White Knight Goldsmith Unnamed R1P14 8

9 Yellow Peonies and More Unnamed R3P5 Unnamed R1P10 Unnamed R3P7 Unnamed R4P4 Unnamed R4P17 Unnamed R4P12 Unnamed R4P20 Unnamed R3P14 Unnamed R3P3 Unnamed R1P20 Unnamed R3P9 Unnamed R4P5 9

10 Yellow Peonies and More Unnamed R4P18 Unnamed R2P5 Unnamed R2P7 Unnamed R3P23 Unnamed R2P8 Unnamed R1P16 Unnamed R2P16 Unnamed R4P3 Unnamed R4P10 Unnamed R1P13 Unnamed R5P2 Unnamed R4P11 10

11 Intersectionals in Bloom Pink Passion Candy Cane Yankee Doodle Dandy Strawberry Blonde Smith Family Jewel Magical Mystery Tour 11

12 Two Unique & Wonderful Characteristics of the Intersectional Hybrid Group Flower Color Variations Many hybrids undergo remarkable & beautiful color transformations as the flowers mature (over 1-4 days) Unique Sidebud Flower Characteristics Sidebud flowers are unexpected surprise Result: Two flower forms & two flower colors on the same plant, often at the same time 12

13 Flower Color Variation with Time Color Phases of Mock Orange Yellow 13

14 Flower Color Variations Candy Cane Candy Cane 14

15 Flower Color Variations Singing in the Rain Singing in the Rain 15

16 Neverlasting Orange Orangey shades when first open, sadly do not last 16

17 Flower Color Variation Flower Form & Color Variations of Cherry Garcia 17

18 Flower Color Variation with Time Flower Form & Color Variations of Smith Family Jewel 18

19 Flower Color Variation with Time Color Phases of Berry Nice 19

20 Unexpected & Little Known Characteristics of the Intersectional Hybrid Group Multiple flowers per stem are characteristic of the intersectional hybrid group Unique characteristics of intersectional sidebud flowers Majority of hybrids have many excellent quality sidebuds ~ 82% of hybrids have sidebuds Mostly 1-3 sidebuds per stem Sidebud flowers often as large as main bud flowers Sidebud flowers extend out beyond main bud flowers Sidebud flowers often more double than main bud flowers Result: Floriferous blooming with extended period of bloom 20

21 Intersectional Sidebuds Sidebuds on R4P16 21

22 Intersectional Sidebuds Smith Family Jewel Candy Cane 22

23 Main Bud vs Sidebud Flower Comparison Strawberry Blonde from terminal buds Strawberry Blonde from sidebuds 23

24 Mother & Child Sidebud Comparison Martha W. Sidebuds Intersectional Sidebuds 24

25 Martha W. (Spangler, 1986) as a seed parent Why it s an ideal parent Extremely fertile (to most hybrid tree peony pollens) Excellent stigma (very easy to work with) Makes big pods and seeds (although high percentage of ruptured seeds) Mostly infertile to self pollen (contamination rate very low) Fertile both ways (produces seeds on most fertile tree peonies) Blooms early (important factor for reverse cross) Produces a high percentage of excellent offspring parent) Gives high percentage of offspring with semi-double - double flowers - Flower form appears to be dictated by the other parent (i.e., tree peony Gives low percentage of offspring with inferior flowers Foliage of offspring is almost universally excellent Pink flower color (red and white pigments) gives wide range of colors in offspring Desirable characteristics generally passed on to the progeny - Healthy, disease resistant foliage -Strong stems - Multiple flowers per stem (deep branching with 3-4 side buds is common) - Large, strong, side buds with excellent quality flowers 25

26 Flower Color Distribution Distribution of my intersectional hybrids by flower color Bright Yellow = 49% Light Yellow = 15% Near Whites = 4% Pinks = 13% Pink and Yellow Blends = 17% Total Sample = 82 26

27 Flower Type Distribution % Double SD-D SD S-SD Single Flower Type % of Total 27

28 Flower Form Distribution Double Single 28

29 Doubles Scrum-didley-umptious Cherry Garcia Yellow Doodle Dandy Built Me Up Buttercup Smith Family Jewel Pink Double Dandy 29

30 Centers with Impact R3P9 R2P16 R1P14 R3P22 R4P3 R5P17 30

31 Some Exciting New Pinks R3P3 R2P7 R5P5 R4P12 R2P8 R5P17 31

32 Reverse Cross Hybrids Reverse Magic Impossible Dream 32

33 How did I get there Intersectional cross # per year Average per year Crosses Seeds Seedlings

34 Distribution of Hybrids by Cross MW x 199 MW x 198 HP1 x 199 other x 199 MW x Nike MW x SY MW x AW Bloomed Rev Cross MW x D-67 MW x Zeph MW x HM Number of hybrids bloomed 34

35 Distribution of Hybrids by Cross MW x 199 MW x 198 HP1 x 199 other x 199 MW x Nike MW x SY MW x AW Rev Cross MW x D-67 MW x Zeph MW x HM Unbloomed Number of unbloomed hybrids 35

36 Distribution of Hybrids by Cross MW x 199 MW x 198 HP1 x 199 other x 199 MW x Nike MW x SY MW x AW Rev Cross MW x D-67 MW x Zeph MW x HM Total Total number of hybrids (bloomed & unbloomed) 36

37 Ranking of intersectional crosses based on quality of progeny MW x 199 MW x 198 HP1 x 199 other x 199 MW x Nike MW x SY MW x AW Rev Cross MW x D-67 MW x Zeph MW x HM % Inferior % Propagated Percent of hybrids with good to excellent flowers 37

38 Time to First Bloom Total cultivars = 96 3 Yrs 4 Yrs 5 Yrs 6 Yrs 7 Yrs 8 Yrs 9 Yrs Years to reach first bloom % of Total 38

39 Flower Color Effects Flares Flushing Streaks Heavy Light None 39

40 Flower Color Effects Heavy Light None Flushing/Suffusion 40

41 Flower Color Effects Heavy Light None Color Streaks 41

42 Flower Color Effects Large/Prominent Small/Light None Flares 42

43 Flower Size Distribution Large (6-8") Medium (4-6") Small (4" or less) Flower Size 43

44 Height Distribution Total cultivars = " 25-27" 28-30" 31-33" 34-36" Distribution of hybrids by plant height % of Total 44

45 The Hybrids of Tomorrow Where I m going with the intersectional cross Less lutea influence (Reduce the amount of lutea in mix) Intersectional crosses made in 2004 Martha W. x Zephyrus (3/4 Moutan adv. gen. hyb.) Martha W. x Center Stage (Near white lutea hyb.) Martha W. x Hélène Martin (potanini hyb. - no lutea) 45

46 Propagation Status Propagation Method # of Cultivars First Year of Propagation Division Grafting Tissue Culture Total by all Methods 37 46

47 Wild and Crazy Flower Expressions Two color flower Excessive color streaking 47

48 Personal Favorites R3P7 R4P16 48

49 New for 2004 R5P3 R5P5 R4P6 R4P7 R5P17 R4P19 49

Yellow Peonies and More R3P8

Yellow Peonies and More R3P8 36 Yellow Peonies and More Haleigh s Comet 37 Yellow Peonies and More R4P10 38 Yellow Peonies and More Registrations Present and Future 39 My 2002 Registrations Singing in