Dream Rebound. The Return of Suppressed Thoughts or Dreams. Kiki Denarié Courtney Sheldon Kelsey Mosteller
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1 Dream Rebound The Return of Suppressed Thoughts or Dreams Kiki Denarié Courtney Sheldon Kelsey Mosteller
2 Wishes suppressed during the day assert themselves in dreams. -Freud
3 Introduction Main Hypothesis: Suppressed emotions that occur during waking present themselves during dreams Suppressed thoughts occur more often than unsuppressed thoughts during dreams Crush targets occur more in dreams than noncrush targets
4 Design University of Texas San Antonio 202 women & 128 men mean age: years 3 conditions: Suppression Expression Mention
5 Procedure Phase 1 Identified crush from noncrush, & rate them Condition for 5 minutes Write stream of consciousness & record thoughts of target Phase 2 Commenced upon waking Recorded dream content & appearances of target
6 Manipulation effectiveness -Design Used: 3 X 2 ANOVA; Scale from 1-7 -Instruction (Suppression, Expression, Mention) -Target (Crush vs. Noncrush) -Effectiveness of presleep instructions assessed by analysis of number of check marks indicating target thoughts in stream-of-consciousness reports -Expression has a significant effect over suppression and mention conditions -Mention has a significant effect over expression and suppression conditions
7 Dream self-ratings -Design Used: 3 X 2 X 2 ANOVA; Scale from 1-5 -Instruction Condition (Suppression, Expression, Mention) -Instruction Target (Crush vs. Noncrush) -[Repeated Measures] Person Rated (Instruction Target vs. Nontarget) -Significant effect from PR; dreamt more about IT than NT -Significant effect from S through IC and PR; dreamt more about IT than NT -Significant effect from E; dreamt more about IT than NT -No significant effect from M -Significant effect from I for IT but not for NT -ST dreamt about more than ET and MT -Interaction of IC, IT, and PR not significant
8
9 dream reports -Significant effect of PC; dreamt more about IT than NT -Target person was always dreamt about most -S included more dreams about IT than NT -No difference between E and M for IT or NT
10 Discussion This experiment showed that: Presleep references causes people to dream about the target more frequently The target will still appear in dreams after the presleep reference regardless of if you are romantically attracted to the person or not The three conditions prompted the target to appear in the dream, but the suppression condition had the target appear more frequently compared to the expressed and mentioned conditions
11 Discussion Cont. Freud s hypothesis that wishes suppressed during the day assert themselves in dreams is partly true because this experiment showed that suppressed thoughts will enter your dreams whether or not they are wished for It also demonstrated that during REM sleep the brain does not have control over executive functions which help suppress thoughts, allowing the suppressed thoughts to occur in dreams.
12 Further exploration with dream rebound With the findings in this study further experiments can be conducted to further explain other theories such as: Threat simulation theory: This study can provide evidence that threatening dreams occur because of consistently suppressing threatening thoughts throughout the day and not due to a function of a system that rehearses threat-survival skills during sleep. Activation-information-mode model: This study can support this model which states that information during the day somewhat impacts dream content
13 Further exploration with dream rebound Cont. Activation-synthesis theory: This theory states that dreams are created through the brain trying to understand random activations and also states that the content of the dream is not related to prior events. This study shows that dream content is related to prior events through presleep references The results of this study contributes to the linking of psychoanalysis and cognitive neuroscience
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