Dissolved Oxygen Study Report

Transcription

1 Dissolved Oxygen Study Report Richland Creek McCabe Park Nashville, Tennessee WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM 2011 Prepared August 2012 by Monette Rebecca, Executive Director World Wildlife Fund and Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency provided assistance for this water quality monitoring study.

2 Introduction The Richland Creek Watershed Alliance (RCWA) Water Quality Monitoring Program conducted a dissolved oxygen study in the summer of 2011 at McCabe Park in Nashville, TN. The study area was chosen to evaluate if water withdrawal used for irrigation by the golf course was causing poor oxygen conditions in Richland Creek. RCWA had five primary goals for conducting the 2011 Dissolved Oxygen Study: 1. To conduct a study to help characterize dissolved oxygen levels and diurnal trends during the low-flow period of Richland Creek as water withdrawal occurs. 2. To engage citizens in observing, monitoring, recording, and reporting stream conditions. 3. To provide citizens with an in-creek experience that would help the public comprehend better what kind of scientific data is needed for instream flow management and policy decisions. 4. To generate data to help protect the fish and aquatic habitat of Richland Creek; and 5. To produce water quality data for decision-makers to use of this study area (RCM 5.0). Study Area Richland Creek drains a 28.5 square-mile area located in southwestern Davidson County, Nashville, Tennessee and is a sub-watershed of the Cheatham Reservoir. Three maps below illustrate where the study area is located: Map 1) West Nashville Map 2) Richland Creek Watershed and Map 3) Study Area. Map 1 Richland Creek Watershed Alliance P.O. Box Nashville, Tennessee

3 Map 2!"#$%&'()*+,,-).&/,+0$,() Map 3 Richland Creek Watershed Alliance P.O. Box Nashville, Tennessee

4 Map 3 illustrates where the four sample sites are located at McCabe Park in relationship to the low-head dam area and storage tank. They were established for the DO study using a measuring tape prior to the sampling period. Two sample sites are above the dam (upstream) and two are below (downstream). Table 1 indicates the sample-site IDs and their distance from the water withdrawal point (lowhead dam) at McCabe Park. Table 1 McC1 McC2 McC3 McC4 300 feet upstream from dam 100 feet upstream from dam 100 feet downstream from dam 300 feet downstream from dam The Study The RCWA executive director collected dissolved oxygen and water temperature data at all four-sample sites and for each sample event using a new YSI Pro Optical dissolved oxygen meter and probe during volunteer monitoring. Sampling occurred over three 24-hour periods at 6-hour intervals for three consecutive weekends. All 48 samples were collected during base flow. The area received rain between sample day 2 and 3 but a 48-hour period had elapsed before sampling began on Day 3 (A1 USGS discharge data). Table 2 was the sample schedule used for the 2011 Dissolved Oxygen Study. Sample Times Day 1 August 27 th 11 a.m. 5 p.m. & 11 p.m August 28 th 5 a.m. Table 2 Sample Times Day 2 September 2 nd 11 p.m September 3 rd 5 a.m. 11 a.m. & 5 p.m. Sample Times Day 3 September 9 th 11 p.m. September 10 th 5 a.m. 11 a.m. & 5 p.m. RCWA held two training workshops before the sample period for 10 citizen participants and created a Volunteer Monitoring Manual for volunteers to read before the workshops begun. Two citizen scientists were assigned for each sample location (8) and the remaining two participants were utilized as floaters to help teams and fill-in gaps of the sample schedule when volunteer were unable to participate. Citizen scientists collected samples with a glass bottle and cap and measured dissolved oxygen using the HACH field test (Winkler Method) kit. They also recorded ph using a hand-held meter, collected temperature data (air and water) in degrees Celsius with a glass thermometer and measured the water level of sample points using a ruler. These measurements are not the depth of the sample collection but a good estimate of the water level at each sample site, taken from the bottom of channel to the water surface. All dissolved oxygen measurements were measured in the middle of the stream channel, approximately 4-6 inches in depth. Each sampling point was established and flagged before sampling began to ensure collections were repeatedly made from the same sample point for each sample event. Richland Creek Watershed Alliance P.O. Box Nashville, Tennessee

5 Study Results The DO results collected by citizens had similar results to the executive director results, but since the YSI DO meter had a much lower degree of error than the field test kits, RCWA is submitting dissolved oxygen measurements collected with the YSI. A data table for the measurements collected for this summer study is included in the Appendix (A2 Data). Included in the raw data table is stream discharge gathered from the USGS real-time gage at Charlotte Pike, sampling times, air and water measurements, ph results and water levels measured for sample points. Dissolved oxygen trend graphs for each sample site are also included in the Appendix (A3). The photo on the cover of the study report was taken of the study area by RCWA during a high-flow season showing discharge downstream spilling over the dam. The photo below was taken September 3 rd, during the study period (August 27 September 10) and shows no-flow spilling over the dam due to excessive water withdrawal. Three out of four DO measurements collected on September 3 (Day 2) at the 5 a.m. interval were below 5 mg/l. The poorest measurements (McC and McC mg/l) were collected downstream from the dam. Before the last sampling day there was a drop in ambient temperature and the area received rain. On sample Day 3 visual stream conditions (water clarity, odor, flow) were significantly improved, all DO levels were found healthy and diurnal cycle became more stable (September 9-10). September 3, 2011 Table 3 lists some of the visual stream conditions and wildlife observations volunteers recorded during the 2011 summer study. Richland Creek Watershed Alliance P.O. Box Nashville, Tennessee

6 2011 Date Time 2011 Date Time Table Date Time 2011 Date Time 29 Aug Aug Aug 1125 McC1 Turbid, milky, slight sheen Turbid, oily surface, lower water level. Kingfisher, skunk Turbid, light sheen. Night Herron 9 Sept 2305 Turbid, higher water level. Large turtle. 27 Aug Aug Sept Sept 1100 McC2 Muddy, turbid. Minnows, largemouth bass. Turbid, still, oil sheen. Minnows. Water clearer, light oily sheen. Kingfisher. Silty, no sheen. Fish, Carolina Wren. 2 Sept Sept No time recorded. McC3 Turbid, withdrawal pump running. Snake, carp. Turbid, musky odor.. 10 Sept 1100 McC4 Foam on surface. Minnows Conclusion Several occasions before, during and after the DO study no-flow was observed over the lowhead dam due to water withdrawal. Multiple occurrences of no stream discharge below the dam in a single year are of significant concern for maintaining healthy water quality and aquatic habitat. A longer and continuous study period would need to be conducted for a comprehensive evaluation of the degree of harm on aquatic life. Two days before the final sample day it rained and the creek conditions observed to have improved by all samplers. All of the dissolved oxygen measurements were found healthy on Day 3 and the diurnal cycle became more stable. Approximately 17% of all DO results were found below the regulatory standard (5 mg/l). Results found below the standard occurred on Days 1 and 2. The percent of results that fell below regulatory standards for the first two 24- hour periods is 25%. 100% of Day 3 results were above 6.5 mg/l found healthy levels of dissolved oxygen. A separate impoundment study is warranted to evaluate impact of the low-head dam on aquatic habitat for study area. In 2010, the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency instream flow study for Richland Creek reported the lowhead dam was creating lake-like conditions (lentic) above the impoundment. Restoring the lotic ecosystem, the free-flow of Richland Creek at McCabe Park would help native species compete and flourish easier. Removal of the dam would restore distribution of nutrients and organisms downstream, reinstate migratory passage for aquatic life and help improve the water quality provide healthier aquatic and fish habitats for Richland Creek. Richland Creek Watershed Alliance P.O. Box Nashville, Tennessee

7 Appendix A1 USGS discharge data; RICHLAND CREEK AT CHARLOTTE AVE, NASHVILLE, TN; (Aug 27 Sept 10). A2 Data A3 DO Trend Graphs Richland Creek Watershed Alliance P.O. Box Nashville, Tennessee

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16 !"#"$#%&'($)*+,$-%.%$/0%1*+..($234($".%.3+5$ $ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$678$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$7((.$ % 09/10/ :30 CDT 11 P 0.84 P 09/10/ :45 CDT 11 P 0.84 P 09/10/ :00 CDT 11 P 0.84 P 09/10/ :15 CDT 11 P 0.84 P 09/10/ :30 CDT 11 P 0.84 P 09/10/ :45 CDT 11 P 0.84 P 09/10/ :00 CDT 11 P 0.84 P 09/10/ :15 CDT 11 P 0.83 P 09/10/ :30 CDT 11 P 0.83 P 09/10/ :42 CDT 11 P 0.83 P 09/10/ :45 CDT 11 P 0.83 P 09/10/ :00 CDT 11 P 0.83 P 09/10/ :15 CDT 11 P 0.83 P 09/10/ :30 CDT 11 P 0.83 P 09/10/ :45 CDT 11 P 0.83 P 09/10/ :00 CDT 10 P 0.82 P 09/10/ :15 CDT 10 P 0.82 P 09/10/ :30 CDT 10 P 0.82 P 09/10/ :45 CDT 10 P 0.82 P!"#$%&'%()*+,%-.//%01"234%5267% 8$

17 Richland Creek Dissolved Oxygen Study McCabe Golf Course Nashville, TN Sample Site ID Sample Date Sample Probe Probe Glass Probe USGS Schedule 2011 Time DO mg/l Water T Air T ph Flow (cfs) Water level at sample point (ft) McC1 Day 1 Impoundment 11:00 AM 27-Aug :00 PM :00 PM :00 AM 28-Aug Day 2 11:00 PM 2-Sep :00 AM 3-Sep :00 AM :00 PM Day 3 11:00 PM 9-Sep :00 AM 10-Sep :00 AM :00 PM McC2 Impoundment Day 1 11:00 AM 27-Aug Measured as 4 5:00 PM feet at beginning 11:00 PM but level was not 5:00 AM 28-Aug tracked during Day 2 11:00 PM 2-Sep study. 5:00 AM 3-Sep :00 AM :00 PM Day 3 11:00 PM 9-Sep :00 AM 10-Sep :00 AM :00 PM McC3 Dpwmstream from dam Day 1 11:00 AM 27-Aug :00 PM :00 PM :00 AM 28-Aug Day 2 11:00 PM 2-Sep :00 AM 3-Sep :00 PM :00 PM Day 3 11:00 PM 9-Sep :00 AM 10-Sep :00 AM :00 PM McC4 Dpwmstream from dam Day 1 11:00 AM 27-Aug :00 PM :00 PM :00 AM 28-Aug Day 2 11:00 PM 2-Sep :00 AM 3-Sep :00 PM :00 PM Day 3 11:00 PM 9-Sep :00 AM 10-Sep :00 AM :00 PM Blank cells - no data available The highlighted cells were corrected 9/17/13. Inadvertently level was entered instead of discharge. Richland Creek Watershed Alliance

18 Dissolved Oxygen Trend Graphs 4 Sample Sites mg/l!#",-.!"" +" *" )" (" '" &" %" $"!" #" Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 #" $" &" (" *"!#"!$"!&" Sample mg/l +",-.$" *" )" (" '" &" %" $"!" #" Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 #" $" &" (" *"!#"!$"!&" Sample " " Richland Creek Watershed Alliance DO Summer Study Richland Creek, McCabe Park!"

19 " mg/l +" *" )" (" '" &" %"!" $" " ",-.%"" Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 " #" #"!" &" (" *" $#" $!" $&" Sample mg/l +" *" )" (" '" &" %",-.&"" "!" Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""" $" #" #"!" &" (" *" $#" $!" $&" Sample " Richland Creek Watershed Alliance DO Summer Study Richland Creek, McCabe Park!"

20 " "" mg/l $#" McCabe Park Study Area Richland Creek - Nashville, TN Dissolved Oxygen Summer 2011 (12 samples at 4 sample sites - 48 data points) +" *" )" (" '" &"!" %" $" Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 #" #" %" &" (" *" $#" $%" Sample Event Number,-.$"/ ",-.%"/ ",-.!"789:123456",-.&"789:123456" " Richland Creek Watershed Alliance DO Summer Study Richland Creek, McCabe Park!"