Senior Specialist. PSIA-NW Standards: Foundations, SS 1 and SS 2

Transcription

1 Senir Specialist 2011 PSIA-NW Standards: Fundatins, SS 1 and Nvember 2010 Reviisiin December 2011

2 Senir Specialist Standards Intrductin The fllwing are the current ( ) PSIA Senir Specialist Standards. Referenc ed t the Alpine Technical Manual (ATM, 2 nd Editin, 2007), Cre Cncepts (2001) and the PSIA-NW Senir Specialist Manual (SS Manual, 2 nd Editin, 2010), terminlgy is cnsistent with these manuals and is t be used thrughut this dcument. These standards prvide a training and educatinal fcus and represent a minimum cmpetency fr each level f specialist. The premise f the standards is based upn the cncepts f levels f understanding that define stages f learning in degrees f understanding. Just as certificatin is a measure f understanding, levels f certificatin represent stages f understanding. Althugh nt a certificatin, Senir Specialist s will be expected t meet levels f cmpetency defined by SS 1 and standards. This is a certificate based educatinal ffering f PSIA-NW. Candidates will be held t the knwledge and perfrmance standards f the level at which they are participating as well as the criteria fr all preceding levels. Levels f participant understanding are based n Blm s Taxnmy. The Taxnmy criteria are nted in italicized frmatting thrughut this dcument. Original (Blm et al., 1956) and Revisin (Andersn, 2001) Definitins frm Blm B. S. (1956). T a x n m y f E d u c a t i n a l O b j e c t i v e s, H a n d b k I : T h e C g n i t i v e D m a i n. New Yrk: David McKay C. Andersn, L. W., Krathwhl, D. R. (Eds.). (2001). A taxnmy fr learning, teaching and assessing: A revisin f Blm's Taxnmy f educatinal bjectives: Cmplete editin, New Yrk: Lngman. Remember (Knwledge Level) Ability t recall r recgnize terms, definitins, facts, ideas, materials, patterns, sequences, methds, principles. Key verbs: name, list, state, describe, recall, label, recgnize. Understand (Cmprehensin Level) Read and understand descriptins, cmmunicatins, reprts, tables, diagrams, directins, regulatins, etc. The ability t grasp meaning. Key verbs: paraphrase, identify, explain, translate, interpret. Apply (Applicatin Level) Knw when and hw t use ideas, prcedures, methds, frmulas, principles, theries, etc. The ability t use learned material in new situatins r the unprmpted use f abstractins. Key verbs: execute, cmpute, demnstrate, discver, predict, shw, slve, implement. Analyze (Analysis Level) Break dwn infrmatin int its cnstituent parts and recgnize their relatinship t ne anther and hw they are rganized; identify sublevel factrs r salient data frm a cmplex scenari. The ability t distinguish between fact and inference. Key verbs: diagram, illustrate, utline, infer, cnclude, differenti ate, cmpare/cntrast. Create (Synthesis Level) Put parts r elements tgether in such a way as t reveal a pattern r structure nt clearly there befre; identify which data r infrmatin frm a cmplex set is apprpriate t examine further r frm which supprted cnclusins can be drawn. Key verbs: create, cmpse, design, rerganize, frmulate, create a new ending. Evaluate (Evaluatin Level) Make judgments abut the value f prpsed ideas, slutins, etc., by cmparing the prpsal t specific criter ia r standards. The ability t judge the value r wrth f material and ideas against stated criteria. Key verbs: judge, appraise, cmpare, cntr ast, criticize, justify, critique.

3 Senir Specialist Levels PSIA-NW recgnizes three levels f the senir specialty: Fundatins, SS 1 and. Successful utcmes are based n the individual s knwledge and applicatin f specific skill ability, educatinal expertise and experience related t the senir client. General Requirements Specialist Level Fundatins General Requirements The successful SS Fundatins participant will demnstrate knwledge f the technical terms, cncepts and mdels listed belw. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t wrk Beginning t Intermediate zne senir students that are learning and mving in all green and grmed blue terrain. Requirements f participatin include a Registered level in the alpine discipline. Successful cmpletin f SS Fundatins is required befre participatin in the SS 1 educatinal event OR the participant may present dcumentatin t the PSIA-NW ffice prving 20 teaching hurs f the adult student and participate directly in the SS 1. Successful participants will be awarded a certificate f participatin. SS 1 The successful SS I participant will demnstrate the knwledge and cmprehensin as well as the applicatin f the technical terms, cncepts, and mdels listed belw. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t wrk with Beginning t Intermediate zne senir students that are learning and mving in all green terrain and grmed blue terrain. Requirements f participatin include a Certificatin Level 1 in any alpine discipline. Participants will be awarded a Senir Specialist 1 certificate upn successful prgram cmpletin. The successful participant will demnstrate the applicatin and analysis and the ability t synthesize and evaluate the technical terms, cncepts, and mdels listed belw. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t wrk with Beginning t Advanced zne senir students wh are learning and mving in all terrain up t and including grmed black terrain. Requirements f participatin include a Certificatin Level 2 in any alpine discipline. Participants will be awarded a Senir Specialist 2 certificate upn successful prgram cmpletin. Mvement Analysis and Technical Knwledge SS Fundatins The successful SS 1 participant will demnstrate the knwledge f the technical terms, cncepts, and mdels listed belw. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t recgnize specific mvement patterns in senirs wh are learning and mving in all green and grmed blue terrain. SS 1 The successful participant will demnstrate the knwledge and cmprehensin as well as the applicatin f the technical terms, cncepts, and mdels listed belw. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t recgnize specific mvement patterns in the Beginning t Intermediate zne senir students wh are learning and mving in all green and grmed blue terrain. Wrkbk cmpletin is mandatry. The successful participant will demnstrate the knwledge and cmprehensin as well as the ability t apply, analyze, synthesize and evaluate the technical terms, cncepts, and mdels listed belw. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t recgnize specific mvement patterns in Beginning t Advanced zne senir students wh are learning and mving in all terrain cnditins. Wrkbk cmpletin is mandatry.

4 Participants will be evaluated based n the fllwing criteria, terms, cncepts, and mdels: The Learning Partnership: Student Prfile and Instructr Behavir Teaching cncepts The Teaching Cycle Guest Descriptin Guest Needs Effective use f the Muntain Playgrund Wrap Up Class Handling Pacing and lw impact mvement patterns Intensity Terrain chices, cnditins Skiing Cncepts: Efficient mvement patterns related t the skills cncept Senir specific Lw Impact/Cntinuus Mvement Mdel Skeletal alignment Cntinuus fluid mvement Minimizing jint impact Stance and balance CAP Mdel Cgnitive: Develpmental milestnes Learned mvement patterns, behavirs Radblcks t learning VAK Affec tive: Client desires, gals and histry Gardner s Multiple Intelligence s Maslw s Hierarchy f Needs Erik Eriksn s Psych-scial Develpment Thery Physical: Lw Impact/Cntinuus Mvement Mdel Bimechanics specific t physical utcmes Anatmic/Physilgic cmpnents Fatigue minimizing mvement patterns Mvement Analysis Real versus Ideal Mvement Patterns Cause-and-effect relatinships Equipment Cmpnents Bt fit and design Technlgy f ski design Student centered chices Adjunct Stakehlder partnerships Senir prgram develpment Anxiety, fear, risk taking Neurlgic feedback system

5 Teaching Standards Fundatins The successful participant will demnstrate the knwledge f the learning partnership, cncepts, and mdels listed. The successful Fundatins participant will participate in grup discussins related t the teaching cycle and senir teaching mdel. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t recgnize and demnstrate knwledge f the teaching cycle fr senirs wh are learning and mving in all green and grmed blue terrain. SS 1 The successful SS I participant will demnstrate the knwledge, cmprehensin and applicatin f the learning partnership, teaching cncepts, and mdels listed. The successful participant will demnstrate the knwledge, cmprehensin and applicatin f the teaching mdel fr senirs in the Beginning t Intermediate zne in green t grmed blue terrain. The successful candidate will demnstrate active participatin with the grup and clinician in demnstrating understanding methdlgy f the teaching cycle, senir specific mdels and mvement patterns. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t chse apprpriate drills and tasks and teach a safe, effective lessn prgressin r teaching segment that demnstrate the applicatin and analysis and the ability t synthesize and evaluate the technical terms, cncepts, and mdels listed. The successful participant will demnstrate the ability t teach t a spectrum f senir clients frm beginning t advanced znes and in all terrain. Prfessinal Knwledge The successful participant will be able t demnstrate the applicatin and analysis and the ability t synthesize and evaluate the technical terms, cncepts, and mdels listed related speci fically t the senir client including the cnnectin between mvements, skills and resultant ski perfrmance as well as the relatinship between the teaching cycle and teaching mdel. The successful participant will demnstrate persnal mastery by written, verbal and physical mdalities.

6 Mvement Standards Mvements and crdinatin is based n the definitins f "initial", "elementary", and "mature", as defined in Cre Cncepts (PSIA/AASI, 2001), pg. 20. The initial mvement stage is when a skier is unfamiliar with a mvement and relies n sensry input and caching t learn. Often, the mvements are very sequential and perfrmed individually. The skier in this stage may shw signs f a mvement pattern peridically but nt cnsistently. The elementary stage dentes skiers wh can perfrm mvements withut lking at that bdy part but still need t think it thrugh and cncentrate n the parts. While mvements are still sequential, the skier will link them tgether in a mre fluid manner. The skier in the elementary stage will be able t cnsistently demnstrate a mvement pattern but may nt be able t apply it in all situatins. The mature stage is characterized by smth, fluid, and autmatic mvements withut shwing bvius, c nscius thught. Mvements can be repeated and applied acrss a wide spectrum f situatins. A skier with mature mvements and crdinatin f mvements will be able t smthly blend mvements fr a specific utcme and be able t readily change r ad apt mvements t different terrain situatins and snw cnditins. Fundatins Skiing Participants will be evaluated n the fllwing mvements and crdinatin: Level 1 Certificatin Standards Elementary stage f mvement crdinatin Ability t demnstrate Ideal mvement patterns based n evaluatin f Real mvement patterns bserved in the senir client in the Beginning t Intermediate zne Ability t demnstrate senir specific tasks and drills t Level 1 Certificatin Standards Fundatins Successful participants will demnstrate the ability t cmfrtably perfrm in the fllwing terrain: Mvement skills and Perfrmance All green and blue terrain Ability t demnstrate senir specific tasks and drills t Level 1 Certificatin Standards Fundatins Applied Mvements Mvements t be applied at Fundatins include the efficient mvement patterns f balance, edging, pressure and rtary skills that will affect the perfrmance utcmes f the senir client utilizing the cncepts f lw impa ct, lw fatigue cntinues mvement patterns. The candidate will be asked t demnstrate mvements and techniques that enable the senir skier t meet the fllwing gals: minimize muscle fatigue, minimize high impact t jints, cnservatin f energy and i mprved cnfidence. Applied mvements include the utilizatin f a stacked skeletal alignment t reduc e muscle fatigue, cntinuus flexing and extending mvements t reduce impact, balancing mvements which include maintaining a strng inside half and rtary mvements where the turning f the leg is initiated with the femur rtating within the hip scket.

7 SS 1 Skiing Participants will be evaluated n the fllwing mvements and crdinatin: Level 1 Certificatin Standards Ability t demnstrate senir specific tasks and drills t Level 1 Certificatin Standards Elementary t Mature stages f crdinatin Ability t demnstrate Ideal mvement patterns based n evaluatin f Real mvement patterns bserved in the senir client in the Beginning t Intermediate zne SS 1 Successful SS I participants will demnstrate the ability t cmfrtably perfrm in the fllwing terrain: Mvement Skills and Perfrmance All green terrain Blue grm terrain including gentle ff-piste cnditins and small bumps Ability t perfrm senir specific tasks as requested utilizing the lw impact/cntinues mvement mdel including the ability t slip, skid and incline as directed. SS I Applied Mvements Mvements t be applied at Fundatins include the effici ent mvement patterns f balance, edging, pressure and rtary skills that will affect the perfrmance utcmes f the senir client utilizing the cncepts f lw impact, lw fatigue cntinues mvemen t patterns. The candidate will be asked t demnstrate mvements and techniques that enable the senir skier t meet the fllwing gals: minimize muscle fatigue, minimize high impact t jints, cnservatin f energy and imprved cnfidence. Applied mvements include the utilizatin f a stacked skeletal alignment t reduc e muscle fatigue, cntinuus flexing and extending mvements t reduce impact, balancing mvements which include maintaining a strng inside half and rtary mvements where the turning f the leg is initiated with the femur rtating within the hip scket.

8 Participants will be evaluated n the fllwing mvements and crdinatin: Skiing Level 2 Certificatin Standards Mature stages f crdinatin Ability t demnstrate Ideal mvement patterns based n evaluatin f Real mvement patterns bserved in the senir client in the Beginning Zne thrugh Advanced Zne. Ability t demnstrate senir specific tasks and drills t Level 2 Certificatin Standards : Successful participants will demnstrate the ability t cmfrtably perfrm in the fllwing terrain: Mvement Skills and Perfrmance All green terrain All blue terrain including variable ff-piste cnditins and bumps Grmed and smth ff -piste black terrain Ability t perfrm senir specific tasks as requested utilizing the lw impact/cntinues mvement mdel including the ability t slip, skid and incline as directed Applied Mvements Mvements t be applied at Fundatins include the efficient mvement patterns f balance, edging, pres sure and rtary skills that will affect the perfrmance utcmes f the senir client utilizing the cncepts f lw impact, lw fatigue cntinues mvemen t patterns. The candidate will be asked t demnstrate mvements and techniques that enable the senir skier t meet the fllwing gals: minimize muscle fatigue, minimize high impact t jints, cnservatin f energy and imprved cnfidence. Applied mvements include the utilizatin f a stacked skeletal alignment t reduce muscle fatigue, cntinuus flexing and extending mvements t reduce impact, balancing mvements which include maintaining a strng inside half and rtary mvements where the turning f the leg is initiated with the femur rtating within the hip scket. Demnstratin is required f the ability t utilize frward and diagnal mvements t ptimize pressure and edge cntrl thrughut a series f turns; distribute weight effectively frm ft t ft thrugh flexin and extensin that keep the ski er stacked ver the feet and/r balancing n the utside ski; utilizatin f rtary mvements that riginate in the feet and legs; mvements that are gradual, prgressive and cntinuus thrughut the turn; gradual increasing and decreasing f edge angle thrughut a turn thrugh edging mvements that are smth and prgressive; ability t turn bth skis simultaneusly and ability t develp different turn shapes fr speed cntrl; and the ability t maintain ski snw cntact with bth skis th rugh stacked skeletal alignment.

9 Certificatin, Level 1 Status NW Alpine Certificatin Guide (2010) 23 Level I Requirements Alpine Certified Level I Natinal Standards The fllwing are the current (2010) PSIA Standards. These standards prvide a training fcus and represent a minimum cmpetency fr each level f certificatin. The premise f the c ertificatin standards is based upn the cncepts f levels f understanding which define stages f learning in degrees f understanding. As certificatin is a measure f understanding, levels f certificatin represent stages f understanding. Candidates will be held t the knwledge and perfrmance standards f the level at which they are testing as well as the criteria fr all preceding levels. Certified Level I members demnstrate a slid fundatin f infrmatin and experience necessary t be an effec tive ski teacher. The Certified Level I instructr pssesses an understanding f basic skiing skills, teaching skills and prfessinal knwledge. It is nt expected that Level I candidates will have in depth knwledge and experience in each f the areas f cmpetence listed in these Standards. It is expected, hwever, that candidates will be able t shw basic cmpetence and knwledge in all f these areas. In additin, it is expected th at candidates will be able t demnstrate a significant level f cmpetency with the skiing and teaching tasks listed specifically fr assessment at a Level I event. Categry A: Skiing Level I certified teachers must be able t ski all green and grmed blue terrain demnstrating cnsistent balance and cntrl f speed thrugh turn shape. Demnstratins must display an understandable picture f the technical elements f Beginner/Nvice zne skiing. The turn dynamics are limited by the speeds and terrain apprpriate fr Beginner/Nvice zne skiing and tasks. The general skiing characteristics are utlined in the Natinal Standards in the Reference and Resurce chapter. Categry B: Teaching Level I Certified teachers demnstrate a slid fundatin f infrmatin and experience necessary t be an effective tea cher f Beginner/Nvice zne skiers. A basic understanding f hw t manage the learning envirnment fr different age and gender situatins is required. PSIA NW Alpine Certificatin Guide (2010) Categry C: Prfessinal Knwledge Prfessinal knwledge requirements fr Level I Certified teachers reflect a practical awareness f general terms and cncepts and an ability t use these cncepts in basic lessn situatins fr Beginner/Nvice zne students. Decisin making and lessn cntent will mst likely fllw preplanned ptins, with cnsideratin fr different skill develpment emphasis. the administratin f the exam.. Cpyright 2010, American Snwsprts Educatin Assciatin All rights reserved. N part f this publicatin may be reprduced, stred in a retrieval system, r transmitted, in any frm r by any means, electr nic, mechanical, phtcpying, recrding, r therwise, withut the prir permissin f ASEA. Permissin fr strage, editing and transmissin by electrnic means is hereby granted fr the purpse f supprting applicatins t ASEA certificatin. 9