Modern Pharmacology with Clinical Applications

Transcription

1 lift. Modern Pharmacology with Clinical Applications Fifth Edition Edited by Charles R. Craig, Ph.D. Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia Robert E. Stitzel, Ph.D. Professor and Associate Chairman of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia Little, Brown and Company Boston New York Toronto London

2 Contents Preface ix Contributing Authors xi I. General Principles of Pharmacology 1. Mechanisms of Drug Action 3 William W. Fleming 2. Drug Absorption and Distribution 13 Theodore E. Gram 3. Metabolism of Drugs 25 Theodore E. Gram 4. Excretion of Drugs 35 William O. Berndt and Robert E. Stitzel 5. Drug Metabolism and Disposition in Pediatric and Gerontological Stages of Life 43 Jeane McCarthy and Theodore E. Gram 6. Pharmacokinetics 49 Peter R. Gwilt 7. Principles of Toxicology 59 Mark }. Reasor and Mary E. Davis 8. Fundamental and Applied Genetic Toxicology 69 Joginder Nath and Gopala Krishna 9. Ethics in Pharmacology: Concepts and Cases 79 Janet Fleetwood 10. Transitions and Progress in Therapeutics 85 Robert E. Stitzel and Joseph J. McPhillips II. Drugs Affecting the Autonomic Nervous System 11. Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System 95 William W. Fleming 12. Adrenomimetic Drugs 109 TonyJ.-F. Lee and Robert E. Stitzel

3 vi Contents 13. Adrenoceptor Antagonists 123 David P. Westfall 14. Directly and Indirectly Acting Cholinomimetics 135 Donald B. Hoover 15. Muscarinic Blocking Drugs 147 Donald B. Hoover 16. Ganglionic Blocking Drugs and Nicotine Thomas C. Westfall 155 III. Drugs Affecting the Cardiovascular System 17. Cardiac Glycosides and Other Drugs Used in Myocardial Insufficiency 165 Ernst Seifen 18. Antiarrhythmic Drugs 175 Gregory S. Friedrichs and Benedict R. Lucchesi 19. Antianginal Drugs 209 Garrett J. Gross 20. The Renin-Angiotensin System and Other Vasoactive Substances 219. Lisa A. Cassis 21. Calcium Channel Blockers 229 Vijay C. Swamy and David J. Triggle 22. Antihypertensive Drugs 235 David P. Westfall 23. Diuretic Drugs 253 William O. Berndt and Peter A. Friedman 24. Anticoagulant, Antiplatelet, and Fibrinolytic (Thrombolytic) Drugs 269 Jeffrey S. Fedan and Ronald J. Shebuski 25. Cholesterol and Hypocholesterolemic Drugs 279 Richard J. Cenedella IV. Drugs Affecting the Central Nervous System 26. Introduction to Central Nervous System Pharmacology 293 Charles R. Craig 27. General Anesthesia: Intravenous and Inhalational Agents 303 David J. Smith and Michael B. Howie 28. Opioid and Nonopioid Analgesics 323 Sandra P. Welch and Billy R. Martin 29. Local Anesthetics 347 /. David Haddox and Patricia L. Baumann 30. Agents Affecting Neuromuscular Transmission 355 Michael D. Miyamoto 31. Central Nervous System Stimulants 365 David A. Taylor 32. Sedative-Hypnotic and Anxiolytic Drugs John W. Dailey 373

4 Contents VII 33. Drugs Used in Parkinsonism 381 Charles O. Rutledge and Patricia K. Somalia 34. Anticonvulsant Drugs 391 Charles R. Craig 35. Drugs Used in Mood Disorders 407 Albert J. Azzaro and Herbert E. Ward 36. Antipsychotic Drugs 421 Stephen M. Lasley 37. Contemporary Drug Abuse 429 Billy R. Martin and David R. Compton V. Therapeutic Aspects of Inflammatory and Selected Other Clinical Disorders 38. Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Drugs 455 Eric P. Brestel and 39. Drugs Used in Gout Histamine and Histamine Antagonists 479 and Richard J. Head 41. Drugs Used in Asthma 491 Theodore J. Torphy and Douglas W.P. Hay 42. Drugs Used in Gastrointestinal Disorders 503 Donald G. Seibert 43. Drugs Used in Dermatological Disorders 519 Mary-Margaret Chren and David R. Bickers 44. Drugs for the Control of Supragingival Plaque 533 Angelo Mariotti and Arthur F. Hefti VI. Chemotherapy 45. Introduction to Chemotherapy 543 Steven M. Belknap 46. Synthetic Organic Antimicrobials (Sulfonamides, Trimethorprim, Nitrofurans, Quinolones, Methenamine) 551 Robert E. Stitzel and Charles R. Craig 47. ys-lactam Antibiotics 561 James F. Graumlich and Dilraj S. Sidhu 48. Aminoglycoside Antibiotics 573 Steven M. Belknap 49. Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Macrolides, and Lincosamides Bacitracin, Glycopeptide Antibiotics, and the Polymyxins Drugs Used in Tuberculosis and Leprosy Antiviral Drugs Drugs Used in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 613

5 VIII Contents 54. Antifungal Drugs 623 David C. Slagle 55. Antiprotozoal Drugs 633 Leonard William Scheibel and 56. Anthelmintic Drugs 649 Mir Abid Husain and Leonard William Scheibel 57. The Rational Basis for Cancer Chemotherapy 659 Branimir I. Sikic 58. Antineoplastic Agents 667 Branimir I. Sikic 59. Immunomodulating Drugs 693 Daniel J. Wierda and Leonard J. Sauers 60. Gene Therapy 703 John S. Lazo VII. Drugs Affecting the Endocrine System 61. Hypothalamic and Pituitary Gland Hormones 713 Priscilla S. Dannies 62. Adrenocortical Hormones and Drugs Affecting the Adrenal Cortex 721 Ronald P. Rubin 63. Estrogens, Progestins, and Antiestrogens 737 Jeannine S. Strobl 64. Uterine Stimulants and Relaxants 749 Leo R. Brancazio and Robert E. Stitzel 65. Androgens and Anabolic Steroids 757 Frank L. Schwartz and Roman J. Miller 66. Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs 769 John M. Connors 67. Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitonin, and Vitamin D 779 Frank L. Schwartz 68. Insulin, Glucagon, Somatostatin, and Orally Effective Hypoglycemic Drugs 787 Michael J. Thomas and John A. Thomas 69. Vitamins 799 Suzanne Barone Index 809