Slide Subject/ Disease Species Cause Morphological Diagnosis Tidbits/Reference 1 Title slide

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1 Slide Subject/ Disease Species Cause Morphological Diagnosis Tidbits/Reference 1 Title slide 2 Acknowledgements 3 Hypovitaminosis A Hypovitaminosis A 4 Hypovitaminosis A Hypovitaminosis A 5 Hypovitaminosis A Hypovitaminosis A 6 7 Turkey 8 Turkey White Muscle /Turk 9 Disease ey White Muscle /Turk 10 Disease ey 11 Rickets 12 Rickets 13 Rickets 14 Rickets 15 Rickets 16 Rickets 17 Rickets encephalomalacia Diffuse, severe cerebellar Diffuse, severe cerebellar Multifocal necrotizing myositis Multifocal necrotizing myositis, rachitic rosary Beak dysplasia Rachitic rosary myopathy in Vit D3 or phosphorus; abnormal Calcium and phosphorus ratio Etio Dx: osteodystrophy Crooked keel bone 18 Rickets Tibial dyschondrodysplasi 19 a Fusarochromanone toxin elaborated by Fusarium sp. Bone: Tibia dyschondrodysplasia last bone in pic: Tibia dyschondrodysplasia Synonyms: Tibial dyschondrodysplasia and Tibia chondrodysplasia

2 Tibia 20 chondrodysplasia Fusarochromanone toxin elaborated by Fusarium sp. Tibia: Chondrodysplasia Widening of the transitional zone of cartilage, lack of vascularization or mineralization, with resultant retention of intraosseous cartilage cores 21 Osteopetrosis Avian leukosis virus Bone: Osteopetrosis 22 Osteoporosis Calcium/Vit D Bone: Osteopetrosis chickens turkeys ducks 23 Osteoporosis Calcium/Vit D Bone: Osteopetrosis calcium or vit D 24 Osteoporosis Calcium/Vit D Bone: Osteopetrosis Cage Layer Fatigue 25 Spondylolisthesis Developmental Spondylolisthesis Posterior paresis and paraylysis due to deformation of T4 vertebrae; kinky back 26 Spondylolisthesis Developmental Spondylolisthesis 27 defeciency Nerve degeneration; paralysis Changes in peripheral nerve trunks; swelling and softening of sciatic and branchial nerves 28 defeciency Thiamine 29 defeciency 30 Slipped Tendon Nerve degeneration; paralysis Myelin degeneration; schwann cell proliferation Thiamine defeciency Star gazing chicks Polyneuritis Biotin, choline, manganese, pantothenic acid, niacin defeciency Perosis (slipped tendon) 31 Slipped Tendon Manganese defecience Perosis (slipped tendon) 32 Biotin Exudative dermatitis a deformity of the bone causes the gastrocnemius tendon to slip out of place; can be unilateral or bilateral Turkeys more sensitive/dermatitis, chondrodystrophy

3 33 Crooked toes DDx: Gallid Herpesvirus 2 or Pipping muscle 34 myopathy Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome 35 Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome 36 Emu chick Musculus complexus degeneration and edema High energy diet Hepatic lipidosis High energy diet Hepatic lipidosis Crispo et al. Vet Pathol 2016; Excessive consumption of high energy diet with restricted movement 37 Visceral Gout Renal failure Liver and Pericardium: Gout (urate deposition) Possible causes for this could be obstruction of ureters, renal damage or dehydration. 38 Visceral Gout Kidney: Gout 39 Visceral Gout Heart: Gout gout outbreaks are related to vitamin A, treatment with sodium bicarbonate, mycotoxicoses Predisposing factors for visceral urate deposition and urolithiasis in poultry include infectious bronchitis virus, avian nephritis virus, and cryptosporidiosis. 40 Visceral Gout 4 lesions: ovarian atrophy, visceral gout, Urolithiasis with complete atrophy L kidney; compensatory hypertrophy of R kidney urolithiasis occurs primarily in cage layer hens 41 Articular Gout Perarticular urate deposits hereditary defects in uric acid metabolism or that are fed excessive protein 42 Articular Gout Perarticular urate deposits

4 43 Articular Gout Perarticular urate deposits 44 Ascites syndrome Rapid growth Ascites; right ventricular hypertrophy; passive congestion of liver rapid growth coupled with insufficient pulmonary capillary capacity aggravates pulmonary hypertension leading to right heart failure 45 Ascites syndrome Right ventricular hypertrophy and dilation 46 Ascites syndrome Right ventricular hypertrophy and dilation 47 Atherosclerosis chicken High cholesterol diet Aortic atherosclerosis Am Heart J Nov;138(5 Pt 2):S Atherosclerosis induced by infection with Marek's disease herpesvirus in chickens. Fabricant CG1, Fabricant J. 48 Goiter 49 Amyloidosis 50 Amyloidosis Duck iodine, ingestion of goitrogenic substances, dietary iodine excess, and inherited enzyme defects in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones Thyroid, bilateral: Goiter 51 Lead toxicity Duck Lead ingestion 52 Ammonia toxicity Ammonia toxicity 53 Ammonia toxicity Ammonia toxicity Myocardial degeneration; lead pellets in gizzard Ulcerative keratoconjunctivitis Ulcerative keratoconjunctivitis Poor ventilation usually winter

5 54 Teflon toxicity avian Teflon toxicity Pulmonary edema and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) toxicity; non stick pans Trichothecene 55 toxicosis Trichothecene 56 toxicosis avian avian 57 Aflatoxicosis avian Mycotoxicosis caused by toxigenic Multifocal esophageal caustic injury to mucous species of Fusarium erosion membranes and skin Gizzard: Multifocal ulceraton Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 due to aspergillus Hepatomegaly enlarged yellow soft liver Visceral and 58 Articular gout avian Oosporein toxicity Urate deposition (Gout) rear and wing weakness; 59 Ionophore toxicosis avian Ionophore toxicosis recumbancy Skeletal muscle 60 Ionophore toxicosis avian Ionophore toxicosis myodegeneration Acute pulmonary and 61 Rodenticide toxicity avian Rodenticide toxicity coelomic Ascites and pulmonary 62 Salt toxicity avian Salt toxicity edema Visceral and articular gout as a result of nephrtoxicity pale, blood streaked muscles Mixing feed error 63 Choline Foot: Hyperkeratosis 64 Choline Slipped gastrocnemius