Endocrine Lab. Heather Fenton VPM 222 November

Transcription

1 Endocrine Lab Heather Fenton VPM 222 November

2 Case 1: Nursery pig

3 Case 1: Nursery pig Description: There are multifocal round (approximately 1cm diameter) firm lesions within the adrenal gland

4 Case 1: Nursery pig Morphologic Diagnosis: Multifocal, necrosuppurative adrenalitis (embolic) Dx: Septicemia DDx: - Erysipelothrix rhusiopathae - Strep suis - Salmonella sp. - Haemophilus parasuis

5 Case 2: 7 year old, male castrated Staffordshire Terrier History: Jumped off the bed and had a painful, distended abdomen afterwards. CBC: Non-regenerative anemia and mild leukocytosis Abdominal rads showed soft tissue opacity in the retroperitoneal space.

6 Case 2: 7 year old, male castrated Staffordshire Terrier Description: (Extensive retroperitoneal hemorrhage that partially covers both adrenal glands and part of the kidneys) The right adrenal gland is markedly enlarged (5cm in largest diameter) is distorted and replaced by a mottled, dark-red to tan, soft unencapsulated mass

7 Case 2: 7 year old, male castrated Staffordshire Terrier Morphologic Diagnosis: Right Adrenal Neoplasia Differentials: Adrenal cortical carcinoma Malignant pheochromocytoma Hemangiosarcoma

8 Case 3: 10 year old, FS Golden Retriever History: Was playing ball this afternoon. It exhibited sudden respiratory distress and pale mucous membranes and died a few minutes later

9 10 year old, FS Golden Retriever Description: An irregular, firm, mass (4x4.5cm) enlarges and effaces the right adrenal gland. The mass invades the adjacent caudal vena cava forming a 2cm in diameter intravascular mass

10 10 year old, FS Golden Retriever Morphologic Diagnosis: Malignant pheochromocytoma (based on histology and staining with Grimelius stain)

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13 Pheochromocytoma= Tumor of the adrenal medulla

14 Diffuse Adrenocortical Hyperplasia

15 Case 4: 10 year old DLH MC cat History: 2 year history of hyperthyroidism, treated with Tapazole, cat has been gagging and vomiting every time he eats.

16 Description: The left cranial cervical region of the pluck contains a large (7x3.5x3cm) white, firm, multinodular mass that extends across the ventral surface of the trachea and connects with the right thyroid gland. The mass also infiltrates the wall of the esophagus but does not breach the mucosa

17 Morphologic Diagnosis: Malignant Tumor DDx: Thyroid carcinoma Fibrosarcoma (esophageal) Parathyroid tumor

18 What are other conditions associated with this disease? Left ventricular hypertrophy Hypertension Hyperactivity Weight Loss animalendocrine.blogspot.com

19 Barred Owl

20 Thyroid carcinoma * indicates the right subclavian artery Brandão et al JDVI. 24 (6): 1145.

21 Case 5A: 2 year old, FS English Setter Altered mentation, head pressing, circling Pituitary carcinoma

22 Case 5B: 17 year old Arabian/Quarter Horse Mare History: Poor body condition, long and shaggy hair Description: The pituitary gland is enlarged (2.5cm in diameter, twice the normal size). Longitudinal section reveals a mottled tan/red, well-demarcated mass approximately 1.5cm in diameter causing compression of the adjacent parenchyma

23 Dx: Pituitary adenoma (pars intermedia) McGavin

24 Syndromes associated with Equine Cushings PPID = pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction Hirsutism Hyperglycemia Polyphagia PU/PD Hyperhidrosis Secondary infections and laminitis

25 Pituitary Adenoma (Rat)

26 Case 6: Four year old FS Golden Retriever History: Weakness, seizures Clinical chemistry revealed hypoglycemia Description: Pancreas contains a large, paletan, moderately firm, multilobulated mass approximately 5cm in largest dimension

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28 DX: Islet cell carcinoma In what other species is the benign form of this tumor relatively common? Ferrets!

29 Bonus Case! Mixed breed of unknown age Bilateral soft swelling of the maxilla and mandible

30 Fibrous Osteodystrophy Replacement of bone with fibrous tissue, rubber jaw

31 What other organs are you going to examine? End-stage kidney The kidney is pale, firm, has as a dilated pelvis and ureter. There are multifocal linear pale streaks within the renal cortex

32 Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Normal Parathyroids: Bilateral, multifocal tan nodules associated with the thyroid glands, diffusely hyperplastic

33 Secondary Hyperparathyroidism PTH Receptor Mmmm! PTH Osteoblast Osteoclast Hyperplasia of chief cells Produce excess PTH Renal Dysplasia or Chronic Kidney Disease Phosphorus (low calcium) GFR, no VitD3

34 Nutritional Hyperparathyroidism Low Calcium High phosphorus Low Vitamin D

35 Questions? 1. Diffuse alopecia 2. Vulvar hypertrophy Cause: Adrenocortical adenoma/carcinoma