The questions below refer to the following terms. Each term may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

Transcription

1 The questions below refer to the following terms. Each term may be used once, more than once, or not at all. a) telophase b) anaphase c) prometaphase d) metaphase e) prophase 1) DNA begins to coil and form chromosomes 2) nuclear envelope reforms around the new Nuclei 3) sister chromatids are separated 4) the nuclear envelope is no longer visible in the cell 5) cytokinesis begins 6) If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to colchicine, a drug that interferes with the functioning of the spindle apparatus in the kinetochore, at which stage will mitosis be arrested? a) metaphase b) anaphase c) prophase d) telophase e) interphase 7) All of the following occur during prometaphase of mitosis in animal cells except a) the spindle is organized. b) the centrioles move toward opposite poles. c) chromosomes are duplicated. d) the nucleolus can no longer be seen. e) the nuclear envelope disappears. 8) Cytokinesis usually, but not always, follows mitosis. If a cell completed mitosis but not cytokinesis, what would be the result? a) a cell with two abnormally small nuclei b) a cell with a single large nucleus c) a cell with two nuclei but with half the amount of DNA d) a cell with two nuclei e) a cell with high concentrations of actin and myosin 9) Regarding mitosis and cytokinesis, one difference between higher plants and animals is that in plants a) the spindles contain microfibrils in addition to microtubules, whereas animal spindles do not contain microfibrils. b) spindle poles contain centrioles, whereas spindle poles in animals do not. c) a cell plate begins to form at telophase, whereas in animals a cleavage furrow is initiated at that stage.

2 d) chromosomes become attached to the spindle at prophase, whereas in animals chromosomes do not become attached until anaphase. e) sister chromatids are identical, but they differ from one another in animals. 10) The formation of a cell plate takes place in what type of cell? a) an animal cell undergoing cytokinesis b) a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis c) a plant cell in metaphase d) an animal cell in telophase e) an animal cell in metaphase 11) Which of the following organisms does not reproduce cells by mitosis and cytokinesis? a) bacteria b) cockroach c) mushroom d) cow e) banana tree 12) Cells that are in a nondividing state are found in which phase of the cell cycle? a) S b) G1 c) G2 d) G0 e) M 13) Which of the following is true concerning cancer cells? a) When they stop dividing they do so at random points in the cell cycle. b) They have escaped from cell cycle controls. c) They do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition when growing in culture. d) B and C are true. e) A, B, and C are true. 14) Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that a) homologous chromosomes synapse. b) DNA replicates before the division. c) the daughter cells are diploid. d) sister chromatids separate during anaphase. e) the chromosome number is reduced. 15) Crossing over usually contributes to genetic variation by exchanging chromosomal segments between a) sister chromatids of a chromosome. b) nonhomologous chromsomes. c) homolologous chromsomes. d) nonhomologous loci of the genome. e) autosomes and sex chromosomes.

3 16) If the liver cells of an animal have 24 chromosomes, its sperm cells would have how many chromosomes? a) 6 b) 12 c) 24 d) 48 17) What is a karyotype? a) the phenotype of an individual b) the genotype of an individual c) a unique combination of chromosomes found in a gamete d) a diagram showing the inheritance pattern on a trait over several generations. e) a display of homologous chromosomes of a cell organized in relation to their number, size, and type 18) In animals, meiosis results in gametes, and fertilization results in a) spores. b) somatic cells. c) zygotes. d) sporophytes. e) clones. 19) Recombinant chromosomes are the result of a) crossing-over. b) environmental factors such as radiation and carcinogenic chemicals. c) mutations. d) separation of homologous chromosomes in metaphase I of meiosis. e) incorrect pairings of DNA nucleotides. 20) Crossing-over occurs during which phase of meiosis? a) prophase I b) anaphase I c) telophase I d) prophase II e) metaphase II 21) A cell that has 2n + 1 chromosomes a) is trisomic. b) is monosomic. c) is aneuploid. d) is polyploid. e) is both A and C. 22) What do all human males inherit from their mother? a) All 22 pairs of autosomes b) an X chromosome c) the gene for normal gonad development (SRY) d) A and B e) A, B, and C

4 23) What is the term used when chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis creating cell with an incorrect number of chromosomes? a) barr bodies b) kinetachore disruption c) spindle breakdown d) nondisjunction 24) Which of the following chromosomal alterations causes Downs Syndrome? a) deletion b) duplication c) aneuploidy d) inversion e) translocation 25) What process do bacterial cells use to reproduce? a) binary fission b) mitosis c) meiosis d) cytokinesis The following choices refer to the pictures below: a) Telophase b) Anaphase c) Metaphase d) Prophase 26) 27) 28) 29)

5 30) 31)