Implementation of glm-boosting with R Package mboost
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1 RSNA, /radiol Appendix E1 Implementation of glm-boosting with R Package mboost We used the function glmboost of the package mboost implemented in R (R Package for Statistical Computing). We tested for overdispersion with the function qcc.overdispersion.test; to account for overdispersion we applied quasi-poisson distribution. Control parameter was chosen to be for liver fat and for liver iron. For the calculation of the stopping point for the boosting iterations we applied ten-fold cross-validation. Hence, R-code for liver fat was as follows: liver.fat.glm.test <- glmboost(as.formula(paste( pdff.100 ~, paste(predictor.variables, collapse = + ))), data = liver.fat.data, family = Poisson(), control = boost_control(nu = )) cv10f <- cv(model.weights(liver.fat.glm.test), type = kfold ) cvm.test <- cvrisk(liver.fat.glm.test, folds = cv10f, papply = lapply) summary(liver.fat.glm.test[mstop(cvm.test)]) Table E1. Description of Variables Used for Data Mining Variable Label Scale Levels General Age at examination (y) Sex Education/lifestyle/nutrition Marital status Living in a partnership Schooling Highest educational attainment Years of schooling Household income (Euro) Food frequency score Male/female Single/married or cohabitating/separated or divorced/widowed Primary school/no graduation/secondary school/intermediate betw een secondary level and university (eg, technical training) Primary school only (or less)/secondary school/intermediate betw een secondary level and university (eg, technical training)/university or college or equivalent Eating habits 1: adverse, 2: intermediate, 3: recommended Current smoker Smoking status Pack years Number of cigarettes per day Age at onset of smoking (years) Alcohol consumption during the last 30 days (g/day) Abstainer Leisure time physical activity (more than tw o hours per day) Never smoker/ex-smoker/current smoker Page 1 of 5
2 Somatometry Body height (cm) Body w eight (kg) Hip circumference (cm) Waist circumference (cm) Increased w aist circumference (men: 102 cm, w omen: 88 cm) Waist-to-hip ratio Waist-to-height ratio Body mass index (kg/m 2 ) Medical examination Heart rate (/min) Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) Increased systolic blood pressure ( 140 mmhg) Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) Increased diastolic blood pressure ( 90 mmhg) Increased blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 140 mmhg or diastolic blood pressure 90 mmhg or antihypertensive medication) Diabetes type 2 Gout or increased uric acid Magnetic resonance imaging Liver iron content, R2* (s 1 ) Liver fat content, PDFF (%) Sonography Left bundle branch block Left anterior fascicular block Right bundle branch block Intima-media thickness (mm) Plaque Number of locations in the carotid artery w ith plaques Stenosis of the carotid artery Goiter At least one thyroid nodule Hypoechoic pattern of the thyroid Laboratory urine Urine-specific gravity (kg/l) ph-value Leukocytes (/µl) Nitrite Protein (g/l) Urobilinogen (µmol/l) Bilirubin (µmol/l) Erythrocytes (/µl) Creatinine (mmol/l) Glucose (mmol/l) Ketone (mmol/l) Laboratory blood Leukocytes (Gpt/L) 0 8 positive/negative Page 2 of 5
3 Erythrocytes (Tpt/L) Hemoglobin (mmol/l) Hematokrit (l/l) Mean corpuscular volume (fl) Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (fmol) Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (mmol/l) Erythrocyte distribution w idth (%) Thrombocytes (gpt/l) Glycated hemoglobin, HbA 1c (%) Glucose (mmol/l) Sodium (mmol/l) Potassium (mmol/l) Creatinine (µmol/l) Uric acid (µmol/l) Cystatin C (mg/l) Calcium (mmol/l) Magnesium (mmol/l) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (mu/l) Vitamin B12 (pg/ml) Lymphocytes (%) Basophils (%) Neutrophils (Gpt/L) Lymphocytes (Gpt/L) Triglycerides (mmol/l) Cholesterol (mmol/l) Low -density lipoprotein (mmol/l) High-density lipoprotein (mmol/l) Aspartate transaminase (µmol/sl) Alanine transaminase (µmol/sl) Aspartate transaminase alanine transaminase ratio Amylase (µkatal/l) Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (µmol/sl) Lipase (µmol/sl) Creatininase (µkatal/l) Lactate dehydrogenase (µkatal/l) Total-hdl-to-cholesterol ratio Glomerular filtration rate (after Levey et al 2006) Interview Self-reported hospital-treated first myocardial infarction Fasting time (h) Self-reported hospital-treated first stroke Depressions SF-12 mental component summary score SF-12 physical component summary score Know n diabetes Medication Number of drugs (last seven days) Medication: diuretics Page 3 of 5
4 Medication: sulfonamide diuretics Medication: beta blocker Medication: beta blocker (nonselective) Medication: calcium channel blockers Medication: amlodipine Medication: ACE inhibitors Medication: enalapril Medication: ramipril Medication: at2 antagonist Medication: statins Medication: hormone therapy Medication: contraceptives Medication: estrogens ae/estrogens be Medication: progesterone-estrogen combination Medication: bph therapy Medication: NSAID Medication: diclofenac Medication: ibuprofen Medication: drugs used to treat gout Medication: antiepileptic drugs Medication: antidepressants Medication: decongestants and other nasal preparations for topical use Medication: drugs for obstructive airway diseases Medication: inhaled adrenergic Medication: inhaled glucocorticoids Medication: mucolytics Medication: antihistamines Medication: ophthalmologicals Medication: antihypertensives Medication: drugs for acid-related disorders Medication: antacids Medication: GERD substances Medication: proton pump inhibitor Medication: calcium Medication: anticoagulants Medication: phenprocoumon Medication: platelet aggregation inhibitors Medication: ASA, acetylsalicylic acid Medication: iron supplements Medication: cardiac glycosides Medication: vasodilators (nitrates) Medication: H2 blocker Medication: antiemetics Medication: insulin and insulin analogs Medication: oral antidiabetics Medication: antihypertensives Medication: central antiadrenergic antihypertensives Medication: alpha antagonists Page 4 of 5
5 Medication: thiazides Medication: peripheral vasodilators Medication: bioflavonoids Medication: beta blocker (cardioselective) Medication: nifedipine Medication: ni ipine Medication: verapamil Medication: captopril Medication: antiandrogens Medication: opioids Medication: benzodiazepines Medication: antidementia drugs Medication: ginkgo Medication: antivertigo preparations Medication: xanthine Page 5 of 5
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Also, some risk factors, such as smoking and diabetes, put you at greater risk for CHD and heart attack than others.
Who is at Risk for Heart Disease? Certain traits, conditions, or habits may raise your risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). These conditions are known as risk factors. Risk factors also increase the
New Hypertension Guideline Recommendations for Adults July 7, :45-9:30am
Advances in Cardiovascular Disease 30 th Annual Convention and Reunion UERM-CMAA, Inc. Annual Convention and Scientific Meeting July 5-8, 2018 New Hypertension Guideline Recommendations for Adults July