Current Topics in Pathology

Transcription

1 Current Topics in Pathology Continuation of Ergebnisse der Pathologie 62 Editors E. Grundmann. W. H. Kirsten Advisory Board H.-W. Altmann, K. Benirschke, A. Bohle, H. Cottier, M. Eder, P. Gedigk, Chr. Hedinger, S. Iijima, J. L. Van Lancker, K. Lennert, H. Meessen, B. Morson, W. Sandritter, G. Seifert, S. Sell, H. C. Stoerk, T. Takeuchi, H. U. Zollinger

2 Developmental Biology and Pathology Contributors C. R. Austin, H. Beier, O. Bomsel-Helmreich, A. Bout!, J. G. Bout!, H. W. Denker, W. Engel, Ch. J. Epstein, V. H. Ferm, W. Franke, A. Gropp, M. Karkinen-Jaaskelainen, C. Lutwak-Mann, B. Putz, I. Saxen, L. Saxen, H. Spielmann, D. Sz6116si, U. Zimmermann Editors A. Gropp. K. Benirschke With 86 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York 1976

3 E. Grundmann, Professor Dr., Pathologisches Institut der Universitat, Westring 17, D-4400 MiinsterjWestf., Germany W.H Kirsten, Professor Dr., Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, 950 East 59th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA A. Gropp, Professor Dr., Abteilung fur Pathologie, Medizinische Hochschule Liibeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-2400 Liibeck, Germany K. Benirschke, Professor Dr., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92308, USA ISBN-13: ISBN-13: : I / This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to the publisher, the amount of the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. by Springer-Verlag Berlin-Heidelberg Library of Congress Catalog Card Number Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1976 The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

4 Preface The early development of the mammalian embryo belongs to a period which, for the student, provides the particularly deep fascination connected with the processes of germination of the first tender buds of life. Moreover, developmental biology encompasses a very large part of biology; if broadly dermed - almost all of it. The same is true for the field of pathology if the manifold possibilities of disorders of the orderly arranged pathways of developmental processes are considered. Normal development in its earliest steps - and it would be difficult to see it otherwise - means the functioning of very intricate systems of complex interdependent cycles controlled by structural, genetic, physiological and biochemical determinants. However, disturbances interfering with them in their very different ways, can lead to fetal death, disorders of growth and differentiation, malformation and disease, sometimes as late as in the next generation or later. This is, indeed, the concern of the pathologist to whom and to whose interest in developmental pathology, this book is dedicated. The outlines of the present volume were conceived at a symposium on "Control of early embryogenesis and factors responsible for failure of embryonic development" held May 1-4, 1974 in Travemtinde and sponsored by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Almost fifty active participants attended this conference. At the time and in keeping with the purpose of the conference, publication of the proceedings was not envisaged. However, shortly later, the recognition of the impact of what had been reported and discussed caused a growing feeling that a summing up of some of the topics treated at the conference was necessary. In selecting the material to be included in this book we were governed by the particular desire to meet some urgent fundamental needs of developmental pathology and to strengthen the experimental and theoretical basis in order to be better prepared for the practical requirements in this field. We would like to thank the authors for their contributions to this volume. Many thanks are due to Dr. Heinz G6tze and to Prof. Dr. E. Grundmann for supporting and accepting the idea to select problems of developmental biology and pathology for emphasis in this series of Current Topics in Pathology. Lubeck San Diego A. Gropp K. Benirschke

5 Contents I. Introduction Austin, CR.: Developmental Anomalies Arising from Errors of Fertilization and Cleavage II. Oocyte, Early Embryo and Maternal Host. Morphology and Biochemistry Sz61lOsi, D.: Oocyte Maturation and Paternal Contribution to the Embryo in Mammals. With 26 Figures... 9 Engel, W., Franke, W.: Maternal Storage in the Mammalian Oocyte Epstein, Ch: The Genetic Activity of the Early Mammalian Embryo. With 1 Figure 53 Denker, H. W.: Formation of the Blastocyst: Determination of Trophoblast and Embryonic Knot. With 8 Figures III. Pharmacological and Hormonal Influences in Early Embryogenesis Lutwak-Mann, C: The Response of the Preimplantation Embryo to Exogenous Factors Spielmann, H.: Embryo Transfer Technique and Action of Drugs on the Preimplantation Embryo. With 2 Figures Beier, H.M: Uterine Secretion Protein Patterns Under Hormonal Influences. With 10 Figures IV. Teratology Saxen, L., Karkinen-Jiiiiskeliiinen, M, Saxen, L: Organ Culture in Teratology. With 13 Figures Ferm, v.h.: Teratogenic Effects and Placental Permeability of Heavy Metals. With 3 Figures V. Cytogenetics Bomsel-Helmreich, 0.: Experimental HeteroplOidy in Mammals. With 7 Figures. 155 Gropp, A., Putz, B., Zimmermann, u.: Autosomal Monosomy and Trisomy Causing Developmental Failure. With 9 Figures Boue, J.G., Boue, A.: Chromosomal Anomalies in Early Spontaneous Abortion. With 7 Figures Subject Index

6 List of Contributors C.R. Austin, Physiological Laboratory, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, England H. Beier, Abteilung Anatomie der Med. Fakultat der Rheinisch-WesWilischen Technischen Hochschule, Melatener Stra~e 211, D Aachen, Germany 0. Bomsel-Helmreich, Laboratoire du service de gynecologie obstetrique, Hopital Antoine Beclere, 157, Rue de laporte de trivaux, Clamart, France A. Boue, Centres d'etudes de Biologie Prenatale, I.N.S.E.R.M. Groupe U.73, Clillteau de Longchamp, Paris, France J.G. Boue, Centres d'etudes de Biologie Prenatale, LN.S.E.R.M. Groupe U.73, Chateau de Longchamp, Paris, France H. W. Denker, Abteilung Anatomie der Rheinisch-WesWilischen Technischen Hochschule, Melatener Str~e 211, D-5100 Aachen, Germany W. Engel, Institut fur Humangenetik und Anthropologie der Universitat, Albertstr~e 11, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany Ch.J. Epstein, Departments of Pediatrics and of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA v.n. Ferm, Department of Anatomy/Cytology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NLL 03755, USA W. Franke, Institut fur Humangenetik und Anthropologie der Universitat, Albertstr~e 11, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany A. Gropp, Abteilung fur Pathologie der Med. Hochschule Lubeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-2400 LUbeck, Germany M. Karkinen-Jiiiiskeliiinen, III Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 29, Finnland C. Lutwak-Mann, Unit of Reproductive Physiology and Biochemistry, Downing Street, Cambridge, England B. Putz, Abteilung fur Pathologie der Med. Hochschule LUbeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-2400 LUbeck 1, Germany

7 IX l. Saxen, III Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 29, Finnland L. Saxen, III Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 29, Finnland H. Spielmann, Pharmakologisches Institut, Abteilung Embryonal-Pharmakologie, Thielallee 69-73, D-lOOO Berlin 33, Germany D. Sz6116si, Laboratoire de Physiologie des Poissons, I.N.R.A., Jouy-en-Josas, France U. Zimmermann, Abteilung fur Pathologie der Med. Hochschule LUbeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-2400 LUbeck, Germany