Artificial insemination in pigs: possibilities of future improvement in reproductive performance

Transcription

1 Artifici insemintion in pigs: possibiities future improvement in reproductive performnce Mrtin Rio S. in Aumître A. (ed.). The production pig met in Mediterrnen Countries Pr : CIHEAM Options Méditerrnéennes : Série Etudes; n I 1989 pges Artice vibe on ine / Artice dponibe en igne à dresse : To cite th rtice / Pour citer cet rtice Mrtin Rio S. Artifici insemintion in pigs: possibiities future improvement in reproductive performnce. In : Aumître A. (ed.). The production pig met in Mediterrnen Countries. Pr : CIHEAM, p (Options Méditerrnéennes : Série Etudes; n I)

2 107 Artifici insemintion in pigs: Possibiities fütüre improvement in reproductive performnce Sntigo Institu Ncion de Investigciones Agrondmics (/NIA) Anim Reproduction Deprtment - Mdrid - Spin Artifici insemintion for pigs fers mny dvntges in different fieds (heth, mngement, genetic improvement, etc.) which re cery greter thn the ones found in ntur trdition mentity pig frmers some estbhed economic interests, however, deyed the deveopment th technique. A ìn pigs ws sow deveop in the pst, but in recent yers its use hs incresed in importnce becuse technic improvements, the estbhment both pubic privte rtifici insemintion centers, chnges in frmers' mentity. From prti point view, pigs producers hve been very deming s fr s productive reproduction resuts re concerned, tking s the min productivity prmeter the number pigetssowyer. They giue ess importnce fspring productivity contros s feed conversion, gin speed crcss quity, sometimes refusing fering decrese in their production pigets. Current pig met chrges contro re compeing frmers in more crefu bnce feed conversion crcss quity, gether with the number pigetssowyer, th obiges them tke in considertion the breeding nims their trnsmsive chrctertics. hs consider incresed they re the min promoters th technique. At the - Current utition in pigs Sweden, in August 1985, semen 19 (Tbe 1). we tht the deveopment them 100, ,000 insemintions, ow On ow insemintions with semen mens tht the technique invoved in semen hve been done Th evoution frmers' mentity incresing the utition in pigs. The number Spnh pig producers who hve become users hve deveoped USA,

3 108 - Semen contrsttion techniques ' s the most cssic. Among them, motiity the simpest does not show good dt hs quity nyses tht et. (1981) Lysikiewicz (66-dy index. motiity no = 0.93) ws motiity veocity. The fim ws initiy exposed foowed immeditey used in ces. 0.64). = shock vitro ssy et. (1983) dmged cod be tests the biity ov. The hs been widey used vivo evution difficut. et., 19801, et., 1982), bu 1982; mice semen et., et. deveop competitive ssy vitro ppying chemic foowed motie ces showed s the one though it not it used most one the so s et. (1979 in (ctic cssified coefficient in

4 ~~ -~ CIHEAM - Options Mediterrneennes 1 o9 et. (1979) motiity. et. (1982) when few (2-3) sows insemintion. ctivity. deveoped. evute GOT hs been specifícy identified s midpiece ssocited enzyme. ATP midpiece. Cooed semen yok, most widey used cooed semen 5"C, needing in th cse 15"C, which veocity s cooed semen utiiztion we hve depending on (Tbes 2 3): (1-3 dys) evute semen dmge. Athough these techniques cn detect octe ce not seen costy. smpes but its - Semen srge be semen which hs it cn be used t est which used both diuted undiuted ppiction. mntined unti its widey used in some vibe. specific coecting.dy. - Semi-compete ejcute coection the semen) diuent o9 spzfdose 2 C) - ( C.C.) in b) Long (1-5 dys) -Seection - one one two coections/week - semkn diution 1:O with 3 X 15" 18 C (constnt good individu coection ( C.C.) insemintion next dy. sows A second the sme coected the -Cooing t 15"-18 C insemintion.

5 110 using semen be wy s be chieved Frozen semen the t the beginning the tems in th fied unti : et. in the United Johnson in the USA, shows the wy (1984) (Figure 4) Yugosvi. the foowing steps: on hs become one the most widey used diuents in cooed semen The diuent used most in Spin six seven dy semin psm. the 76;10% 8;8 pigets t 600,000 spz/mm or optimum some bout. 1984, Tbe 51, et., 1984, Tbe 6). yok with BF6 being used et., 1976) The ddition the et., 1971) hs n ntioxidnt 1984) mximum sensitivity chieved use Gentmicin (Tbe 7). Good cn be chieved joint ppiction these ntibiotics. On the no significnt effect coi which due Stphiococcus piogenes, hemotyticus hve been found ddition 200 mg Gentmycin 200 mg diuent chieves contmintion the diuent 1-2% widey used. time: n two (1985) when the medium Cooing speed: it must be sow unti compete ce use ice. on ice, (5-8 (0.5 (19701, deveoped (Weitze et., 1985) Yugosv 1985). peets, thwing on t on the.

6 111 9, or et., 1985). do not ow, t cod semen insemintion substitution in s shown in Tbes 8 be efficienty used. woud coud occupncy s we the use n cetic cid bock in poyspn box. shown in Tbe 11. V - Further possibiities in the reproduction fied - diyzed semen deveopment compete we on difficuties in t ong which hs shown eve. used in cooed Two the th technique. One them ws in octed 500 one between Spin the USA. 10 : which shown in Tbe 1. coection 2. = Vzquez (1980) 3. medium (1:O) 37 C 30 minutes using 4. t 15 C. 5. 1:5 15 C unti utiiztion. fied, which mens wy, mny dvntges cn be chieved: subsequent ugmenttion fecundting s hs been Tekcs et. (1985) though the ddition 5 mg the uivo. The ow 'semen with ow s hs been shown et. (1981), thn tht sows. wy the ugmenttion in the oviduct mens used becuse its s one the best be et., 1984, et., 1984) s

7 112 some such s s sow The ddition (1985) dvocte the use s used investigtions. (Cente Asitic) be investigted Good knowedge hcomptibiity sensibiiztion the ovocytes, be used we s decive in (Amid et., 1981; et., 1981; et., 1984; et., 1980; et., 1983). now A combined with the dose ppiction techniques, cn chieve doses 2 3 X oq spddose sow insemintion] popution which must be in On injection, in uitro gonogenes, Studies on not be must new homozygous be the wi we known techniques be J.G., L.A. Johnson, E.A content Upps (Sweden). Amid, T., enhnced ntigenicity semen size in pigs? und Züchtungsbioogie. S W.C., Use bovine 43 (07k2083-B Z., J.E. Sokoosky Wof, 1982, egg. J. Exp. Zoo. 222:187- W.F., J.W. F.W utiizing J. 3: T.,1984. Effect ddition ntigen, djuvnt or migen semen on us und Züchtunsbioogie. J., The effect on conception fecundity inseminted sows. Ns. Chov. 41(9) Schmeh, on 19, Johnson, L.A. J.G swine: using iquid Society Sodium potssium eves in bu semen in biity. Nuch. Tekhn. Zhovot. N. 34:37-39 (Ony L.E., Wiimson, Shy, Smith, Usefu test in evution in me Gyneco. N.Y. 57~

8 113 Niw, A. egg uitro incubted in the oted git. J. Exp. Zoo. N.V., L.G. Evution semen on biochemic Semen, Upps, Sweden, G., J.J. Lozno Snchez Snchez, in swine A in t Society fkzvedeny Genetiki se'khoz. Zhivot, (ony N.V., L.G. Shpiev Evution the semen cod shock. Zhivot, (Ony chnges on in t on sows gits. Semen. Upps [Sweden) J. L. Viv inj. picovneho do semen kncu, n podnost Chem. Vet. XX Lysikiewicz, A. G. ssessment motiity. Am. J. Obst. Gyn., A. Evution zon peucid. Zivocn V.G. L.A. Johnson, J. Anim. Sci. V.G., thwing Semen. Upps (Sweden). Schoo use need semen. Upps (Sweden) Science. S., J.J. Sebstin, E. Ais C. The effects ntibiotic ssocitions in the t F., E. Sevcikov, Svb, J. Csvk, J. Fied the use inj. Sp. Chemizce Zivocne E., L. J. Jimenez, S. J. L. estudio de en un zon de cim cido. W., J.E. Fechon, J. Vimn, - on L.G., N.V. Evution its biity. Se'sk. (ony. C.F. size in gits infusion ntigens N" the Ohio Anim on the spontneous motiity pig oviducts. Science. Senegcnick, J., J. semen in Soveni (YU) Semen, Upps (Sweden). J., J., J. Gogowski, Swidowicz, Some spects Vet. (ony Tkcs, T., T. J. The effect sows on the eve in Semen. Upps (Sweden). Vzquez E.F. Efec de di y e J. Anim. Sci. use Scke, on Anim (Spin), pp. Jones Aut, fiction? Vo. N"6. méditerrnéennes

9 114 Weide, L. E.F. USA. Anim Science. St. cumuus ces zon peucid s method evuting bu J. Anim. Sci. 53. Supp.