Welcome Dear Students, Welcome to the second year medicine. As you have already started in the Faculty curriculum (System- Based Curriculum), this yea

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6 Welcome Dear Students, Welcome to the second year medicine. As you have already started in the Faculty curriculum (System- Based Curriculum), this year you are in Phase II of the program. Phase I Phase II Phase III : Premedical Year (First Year) : Second and Third Years : Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Years Congratulations, you passed phase I. But what about phase II? Phase II includes many core modules and also System-Based Modules. The aim of this phase is to lay down a solid foundation for the subsequent full-time clinical study in stage III of the MBBS program. It will also integrate the basic sciences knowledge with the clinical sciences. This include knowledge, skill and attitudes, particularly attitudes towards the learning process. The curriculum philosophy in stage II is enforcing the development of a mixture of teaching approaches including System-Based Learning, Problem-Based Learning and also stressing on the idea of "Student Self-Directed Learning". The department has the honor to introduce this study guide to you hoping that it may be helpful in making you oriented with the aims, objectives, contents of our courses, and through it, you will find the answers of the frequently asked questions. All the Best Department Chairman

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8 TABLE OF CONTENTS Topic Page THE OUTCOMES OF THE UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM 1 CURRICULUM MAP 2 PHASE 2 3 STRUCTURE OF THE MODULE 3 INTRODUCTION 4 AIMS & OBJECTIVES 4 TEACHERS CONTACTS 6 ASSESSMENT 7 ICONS 8 TOPIC OUTLINES 9 Lecture 1 2 Lectures Title of the lecture Front and medial sides of the thigh and femoral triangle (1/2). Front and medial sides of the thigh and femoral triangle (2/2). 3 Gluteal region Back of thigh and popliteal fossa Anterior compartment of the Leg and dorsum of the foot Lateral and Posterior Compartments of the Leg The foot and venous and lymphatic drainage of the lower limb. 8 Dermatomes and nerve injury of the lower limb Pectoral region and breast Axilla (1/2): Boundaries and axillary vessels Axilla (2/2): Brachial plexus, axillary lymph nodes and lymphatic drainage of the upper limb. 12 Back and scapular region Arm, cubital fossa and superficial veins of the upper limb VIII

9 14 Anterior Compartment of the Forearm Lateral and Posterior Compartments of the Forearm Hand Dermatomes and nerve injuries of the upper limb (1/2) Nerve injuries of the upper limb (2/2) Intercostal spaces and pleura Lungs and bronchopulmonary segments Major Blood vessels of the Thorax Blood Supply of the Heart Superior mediastinum Posterior mediastinum Nerves, vessels and lymphatic drainage of the thorax Blood, lymph and nerve supply of the abdomen Anal and urogenital triangles Pelvic peritoneum, fasciae and muscles Pelvic nerves and vessels Male and female pelvic viscera. 69 Practical Practical Title of the Practical Session 1 Hip bone, femur and patella and femoral triangle Front and medial sides of the thigh Gluteal region Back of the thigh, and popliteal fossa Hip joint, tibia, fibula and skeleton of the foot Anterior and lateral compartments of the leg and dorsum of the foot. 7 Posterior compartment of the leg and sole of the foot Joints of the lower limb Surface and radiological anatomy of the lower limb. 9 Scapula, clavicle, humerus, sternum, 1 st and typical rib Pectoral region, breast and Axilla (1/2) Axilla (2/2), sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints. 81 IX 76

10 12 Back and scapular region Radius, ulna and skeleton of the hand. - Superficial veins and cutaneous nerves of the upper limb. 14 Shoulder joint, arm and cubital fossa Anterior compartment of the forearm Posterior compartment of the forearm and dorsum of the hand Palm Joints of the upper limb Surface and radiological anatomy of the upper limb Thoracic cage Thoracic wall and pleura. 20 Lungs Major Blood vessels of the Thorax Blood Supply of the Heart Posterior mediastinum Surface Anatomy of the thorax Radiological anatomy of the thorax Anterior Abdominal Wall Peritoneum and Visceral Arrangement Gastrointestinal Tract Kidney, Ureters, Suprarenal Gland Vessels of the Abdomen Nerves of the Abdomen Surface anatomy of the abdomen Radiological anatomy of the abdomen Perineum Muscles of the pelvis Nerves and vessels of the pelvis Male and female bony pelvis Male pelvic viscera Female pelvic viscera Radiological Anatomy of the Pelvis X

11 OUTCOMES OF THE MEDICAL UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM 1) Knowledge Graduate should have sufficient knowledge and understanding of: a. The normal structure, function and development of the human body and interaction between body and mind b. The normal pregnancy and child birth, the principles of antenatal and postnatal care c. The aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, natural history and prognosis of common physical and mental disease, particular those which pose acute danger to function, life or the community. d. Common diagnostic tests and procedures, their uses, limitations and costs e. The management of common conditions including pharmacological, psychological, physical and nutritional therapy f. The principles of health education, disease prevention, rehabilitation and the care of the suffering and dying. g. The principles and ethics related to health care and the Islamic and legal responsibilities of the medical profession 2) Skills Graduate should acquire the skills of a. Take a tactful, accurate and organised medical history b. Perform a gentle and accurate physical and mental examination c. Integrate history and physical examination to reach a provisional diagnosis of differential diagnosis d. Select the most appropriate and cost effective diagnostic procedures e. Formulate a management plan f. Counsel patients and families clearly regarding diagnostic and therapeutic procedures before eliciting consent g. Perform common life-saving procedures h. Use information resources to obtain further knowledge and interpret medical evidence critically and scientifically i. Communicate clearly and considerately with other health professionals 3) Attitudes Graduate should have the attitude of a. Respect for every human being and abide by relevant Islamic ethics b. A desire to ease pain and suffering c. Willingness to work in a team with other health professionals d. Responsibility to remain a life-long learner and maintain the highest ethical and professional standards e. Referring patients to other health professional when needed f. A realization that it is not always in the interest of patients to pursue every diagnostic or therapeutic possibility 1

12 YOU ARE HERE CURRICULUM MAP Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Internship Phase I Phase II Phase III Throughout this module the students should give complete details about the structures of the muscular system of both upper and lower limbs and the abdominal, thoracic and pelvic viscera. By the end of this module, the students have the ability to correlate between the anatomical structure and its relation. This course trains the student to solve any related clinical problem by simple and short way. Practically, the students will see the listed anatomical subjects and its relations. GENERAL ANATOMY (I) CORE COURSE OUTLINES Timetable of the module: STRUCTURE OF THE MODULE Module Code/No. Module Units (Hours) Theoretical Practical Tutorials Credit Hours GENERAL ANATOMY (I) ANTM The Department: Anatomy 2

13 Second Year Courses Semester 3 Cells & Tissues Biochemical Basis of Medicine (1) General Anatomy (2) Biochemical Basis of Medicine (2) Basic Emergency Care Embryology Pathology (1) Cardiovascular System Respiratory System Musculoskeletal System English Language Islamic Studies Immune, Blood, Lymphatic Systems Islamic Medical Ethics Islamic Studies Arabic Language STRUCTURE OF THE MODULE TIMETABLED HOURS: 30 Lectures, 40 Practicals TEACHING DEPARTMENTS: Anatomy Department 3

14 INTRODUCTION WELCOME to the basic science anatomy 1 module. This course aimed to introduce a simplified data about the upper and lower limbs structures as well as the morphology of the viscera of thoracic and abdominal cavity. The course will cover the theoretical and the practical aspects of the previously listed subjects. This course provides the students with all clinical and basic data to support them for the clinical practice in the future. AIMS & OBJECTIVES At the end of this course, you should be able to: On completion of the courses of study in General Anatomy (I) module, the students shall be able to: 1. Comprehend the anatomical terms, use them correctly, and develop a positive approachto the subject. 2. Understand important single muscles, their origin, insertion, nerve supply, actions and important relations. Describe Muscle Groups, their actions, nerve supply and effects of nerve injury. 3. Recognize anatomical structures correctly and comprehend the topographic anatomy of the regions of abdomen, pelvis, perineum, thorax and extremities by actual dissection, prosection and museum study. 4. Understand the classifications of bones, their general features, structure, functions and the mechanism of displacement of bone fragment at common sites o fractures. 5. Understand the important joints of the body, their movements and the muscles producing these movements. 6. Acquire information of different fascial planes in different regions and their surgical importance. 7. Understand the general plan of lymphatic drainage of the body, regional lymph nodes where the common malignant growth can spread. 8. Interpret normal radiograms and C.T. scans of the body and demonstrate, by inspection, palpation and percussion, important bony landmarks, muscles, tendons, blood vessels, nerves and viscera on the living body. 9. Apply the knowledge and skill in solving clinical problems and interpret anatomical relationship to common clinical conditions. 10. Develop concepts and sufficient understanding of the subject to be able to pursue postgraduate studies and continuing medical education and develop habits of self-learning. 4

15 Expected Outcomes: A. Knowledge: By the end of the General Anatomy (I) module the student will demonstrate the ability to assimilate and integrate information from lectures, practicals, tutorial and training sessions and independent activities on the anatomy of the human body regarding upper limb, Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis & Perineum and Lower limb. B. Cognitive Skills: By the end of the General Anatomy (I) module the student will demonstrate the ability to gain practical skills associated with the dissection of cadavers enabling him to recognize and differentiate bones, muscles, vessels, nerves and viscera of the body. The student can gain skill in reading and understanding radiological images of the body and identify through palpation the anatomical landmarks on the surface of the body. C. Interpersonal Skills and Responsibilities: By the end of the General Anatomy (I) module the student will demonstrate the ability to apply his basic knowledge and cognitive skills to solve problems and understand some related areas beyond the General Anatomy course and appreciate the major supporting evidence based on text-books reviews and electronic learning materials. D. Analysis and Communication: By the end of the General Anatomy (I) module the student will have the experience through small group teaching and group discussion to analyze any related clinical problem and to communicate with other students and teaching staff. Module Text Books: 1. Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed Grant Atlas of Anatomy; Grant G.C.B., Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 11 th ed Other Information Resources: 1. Anatomical website on the Internet. 2. Anatomical CD. 5

16 TEACHERS CONTACTS Name / Position Room No. Extension No. Address 1 2 Dr. Hamid Abdul Raoof Saleh Chairman, Anatomy Department Dr. Abdul Monem Abdul Salam Al-hayani Vice Dean for Development G hamidphd@hotmail.com G Hayani30@hotmail.com 3 Prof. Adel Mostafa G Prof. Saeed Ahmad Mehmood Zaghlol G drsaidzaghloul@yahoo.com 5 Dr. Raid Mahmoud Hamdy G raidhamdy@yahoo.com 6 Dr. Gamal Saeid G Gamal_said@hotmail.com 7 Dr. Mohamad Hasan Badawod G mbadawoud@hotmail.com 8 Dr. Sherif Mohammad Hassan G Sherif40@hotmail.com 9 Dr. Ashraf Yousaf Nasr G dr_ashrafnasr@yahoo.uk.co 10 Prof. Amira Al-Haggagi Coordinator, Female Section, Anatomy Department G dramira@ .com 11 Dr. Allya Khalil G Dr. Fatehia Ahmed G fathianegm @yahoo.com 13 Dr. Samar Al-Saggaf Dean, Female Section, King Abdul Aziz University G Ws_dean_office@kaau.edu.sa 15 Dr. Azza Zaki G Azzazaki_6@hotmail.com 16 Dr. Wafaa Ramadan G wafaasaadeldin@hotmail.com 17 Dr. Hanan Ali Amin G hananaliamin@hotmail.com 18 Dr. Eman Abd Al-Aal G imanabdeaal@hotmail.com 19 Dr. Siham Abu Nasif G Abunasef2@hotmail.com 6

17 ASSESSMENT 1. Formative: This form of assessment is designed to give you feedback to help you to identify areas for improvement. It includes a mixture of MCQs, short answer-questions (SAQs), extended matching questions (EMQs), problems-solving exercises and independent learning activities in all subjects. These will be given during tutorial sessions and practicals. The Answers are presented and discussed immediately with you after the assessment. The results will be made available to you. 2. Summative This type of assessment is used for judgment or decisions to be made about your performance. It serves as: a. Verification of achievement for the student satisfying requirement b. Motivation of the student to maintain or improve performance c. Certification of performance d. Grades In this Course your performance will be assessed according to the following: Module Assessment: - Continuous assessment quizzes 40 % - Written Exams 40 % - OSPE 20 % - Total: 100 % 7

18 Icons The following icons have been used to help you identify the various experiences you will be exposed to. Learning objectives Content of the lecture Independent learning from textbooks Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. Independent learning from the Internet Problem-Based Learning Self- Assessment (the answer to self-assessment exercises will be discussed in tutorial sessions) The main concepts 8

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22 Lecture (1): Front and medial sides of the thigh and femoral hernia (1/2) Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy(Female Section) : Dr. Mohamed Badaoud (Male section) Teaching Location: Auditorium Student Notes After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Describe the relationships of structures found in femoral triangle. 2. Illustrate that there are two compartments formed by deep fascia. Boundaries and contents of the femoral triangle. Femoral nerve. Femoral artery. Femoral vein. Inguinal lymph nodes. Femoral sheath. - Remember that: the femoral artery begins at the midinguinal point and ends at the adductor hiatus where it continues as popliteal artery - The femoral vein drains into the external iliac vein - The femoral nerve supplies the muscles of the front of the thigh - The femoral hernia passes through the femoral ring deep to the inguinal ligament to enter the femoral canal in the front of the thigh. 11

23 - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No Anatomical website on the Internet. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com- link - Discuss the anatomy of the femoral triangle - Discuss the anatomy of femoral artery, nerve and vein. 12

24 Lecture (2): Front and medial side of the thigh ( 2/2) Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy(Female Section) Dr. Mohamed Badaoud (Male section) Teaching Location: Auditorium Student notes After this lecture, student should be able to: 1- Illustrate the two components of the deep fascia. 2- Know the muscles of the front and medial thigh compartment and summarize their functions. 3- Understand the action of the individual muscle of the two compartments 1- Muscles of the front of the thigh: quadriceps femoris, sartorius, iliopsoas 2- Subsartorial canal 3- Muscles of the medial side of the thigh: adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, Pectineus, obturator externus, gracilis 4- Obturator nerve - Remember, the obturator nerve supplies the adductor muscles - The muscles of the front of thigh innervate by the femoral nerve - The Subsartorial canal contains femoral artery, femoral vein, nerve to vastus medialis and saphenous nerve 13

25 - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com- link - Anatomical website on the Internet. Discuss the anatomy and contents of the frontal and medial side of the thigh 14

26 Lecture( 3): Gluteal region Student Notes Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy(Female Section) Dr. Mohamed Badaoud (Male section) Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Understand important muscles, their nerve supply, actions and effects of their nerve injuries. 2. Know how to test the integrity of superior gluteal, inferior gluteal nerves. 1- Muscles, vessels, nerves of the gluteal region. 2- Structures passing through the greater and lesser sciatic foramina Remember that, 1- Superior gluteal nerve supplies the gluteal minimus, medius and tensor fascia lata muscles 2- The Inferior gluteal nerve supplies the gluteus maximus muscle 3- The Gluteal muscles originate from the gluteal surface of iliac bone 4- The gluteal vessels form a part of the cruciate anastomosis 5- The sciatic foramina contain structures passing from the pelvic cavity to the inguinal region and the perineum 15

27 - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com- - Anatomical website on the Internet. Discuss the anatomy of the gluteal muscles, blood vessels and nerves of the gluteal region. 16

28 Lecture (4): Back of Thigh & Popliteal Fossa Students notes Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy(Female Section) Dr. Mohamed Badaoud (Male section) Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Describe the relationship of structures found in the popliteal fossa. 2. Summarize the functions of the muscles of the back of the thigh 1- Muscles of the back of the thigh 2- Sciatic, tibial, and common peroneal nerves 3- Popliteal fossa Remember that, 1- Hamstring muscles are the Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris and the ischial part of gluteus magnus. 2- The sciatic nerve supplies the hamstring muscles 3- The popliteal fossa is present posterior to the knee joint 4-The sciatic nerve divides into common peroneal nerve (laterally) and tibial 17

29 nerve (medially) 5- The popliteal fossa contains popliteal vessels, sciatic nerve and its divisions, small saphenous vein and cutaneous nerves - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ; Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com- - Anatomical website on the Internet. Discuss the anatomy of the back of thigh and popliteal fossa. 18

30 Lecture (5): Anterior compartment of Leg and dorsum of foot Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy(Female Section) Dr. Mohamed Badaoud (Male section) Teaching Location: Auditorium Students Notes After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Illustrate the compartments of the leg which are formed by the deep fascia. 2. Summarize the functions of muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg. 3. Know the structures of the dorsum of the foot. 4. Locate the site of feeling pulsation of the Dorsalis pedis artery. 1- Muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg and the dorsum of foot 2- Nerves and vessels of the anterior compartment of the leg 3- Extensor retinacula 4- Muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg: their functions and innervation. Remember that: 1- The muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg originate from the fibula except tibialis anterior muscle 2- The nerve supply of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg is the 19

31 deep peroneal nerve 3- the lesion of the common peroneal nerve is drop foot 4- The pulse of the dorsalis pedis artery can felt on the dorsum of the foot between the two malleoli - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: 51-57; Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ; Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com- - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the anatomy of the anterior compartment of the leg and the dorsum of the foot. 20

32 Lecture (6): Lateral and Posterior compartments of the Leg Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy(Female Section) Dr. Mohamed Badaoud (Male section) Teaching Location: Auditorium Students notes After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Develop clear concept of the muscles, vessels and nerves of the lateral and posterior compartments of the leg. 2. Understand the function and know the innervations of these muscles 1- Muscles of the lateral and posterior compartments of the leg: their functions and innervation 2- Nerves and vessels of these compartment 3- Flexor and peroneal retinacula Remember the innervation of the posterior compartment of leg is the tibial nerve - The innervation of the lateral compartment is the superficial peroneal nerve 21

33 - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Q- Discuss the anatomy of the posterior and lateral compartment of the leg 22

34 Lecture (7): The foot and the venous and lymphatic Drainage of lower limb Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy(Female Section) Dr. Mohamed Badaoud (Male section) Teaching Location: Auditorium Students notes After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Know the layers of the sole of the foot. 2. Know the bones and ligaments participate in maintenance of the arches of the foot. 3. Define the venous drainage (superficial and deep) of the lower limb. 4. Understand the mechanism by which the blood is pumped from the lower limb and anatomical factors which predispose to development of varicose veins. 1- Layers of the sole of foot 2- Muscles, vessels and nerves of the sole of the foot 3- Arches of the foot 4- Veins of lower limb: superficial and deep 5- Groups of lymph nodes - The sole has four layers - The foot and both longitudinal and transverse arches - The veins are superficial and deep - There are superficial and deep lymph nodes draining the lower limb 23

35 - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Q- Describe the arrangement of the muscles of the sole, their function and innervation 24

36 Lecture (8): Dermatomes and nerve injury of lower limb Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy(Female Section) Dr. Mohamed Badaoud (Male section) Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Recall the cutaneous innervation of the thigh, leg and foot. 2. Learn what is meant by dermatome. 3. List all of the components of the lumbosacral plexus. 4. Describe the innervation of each compartment and the specific deficits that occur with lesions of individual nerves at different parts along the course of each nerve. 1- Nerves of the lower Limb: femoral, obturator, superior and inferior gluteal, Sciatic, common peroneal, superficial and deep peroneal 2- Clinical effects of effects similar to injury of sciatic, tibial and common peroneal nerves of the lower limbs. - The injury of common peroneal produce drop foot - The Injury to the Tibial nerve produce inability to flex the ankle and paralysis of sole muscles - The injury to sciatic nerve produce effects similar to both common peroneal and tibial 25

37 nerves in addition paralysis to the hamstring muscles. - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part I (Lower Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Describe the effects of Sciatic, tibial and common peroneal nerves injury. 26

38 Lecture (9): Pectoral Region and breast Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Develop clear concept of the pectoral region including muscles, vessels, nerves and lymphatics. 2. Know the location, description and blood supply of the breast. 3. Know the lymph nodes which are involved in carcinoma of the breast. 4. Explain on anatomical basis the clinical features of carcinoma of the breast and why radial incision is used to drain breast abscess. 1- Muscles of the pectoral region 2- Vessels, nerves and fasciae of pectoral region 3- Breast: location, description, blood supply and its lymphatic drainage 4- Clinical features of cancer breast 5- Drainage of breast abscess - The pectoral muscles are supplied by the medial and lateral pectoral nerves. 2- The breast is present superficial to the deep fascia of the pectoral region 3-The cancer breast can spread by direct, 27

39 lymphatic and blood to the other structures - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ; Independent learning from the CD- ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the anatomy of the pectoralis major muscles and breast. 28

40 Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium Lecture (10): Axilla: boundaries and Axillary blood vessels Student notes After this lecture, student should be able to: 1- Develop clear concept of the axilla including boundaries and contents. 2. Know the course, branches and main relations of the axillary artery and its surface anatomy and site of feeling its pulsation. 3. Know the course and tributaries of the axillary vein. 4. Know the clinical aspects of the region. 1- Shape and boundaries of the axilla: apex, base, walls, folds and muscles contribute to each wall and fold. 2- Description serratus anterior, winging of the scapula 3- An overview of the contents of the axilla 4- Axillary artery: course, branches of each part, main relations, surface anatomy and site of its pulsation 5- Axillary vein: course and tributaries 6- Clinical aspect of the region - The axilla is hollow space between the upper arm and the upper part of the trunk. - the axilla has anterior, posterior, lateral, 29

41 medial walls and base and apex - Axilla contains the axillary blood vessels and the brachial plexus cords and its braches - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the anatomy of the axilla and its contents. 30

42 Lecture (11): Axilla: brachial plexus, axillary lymph nodes and lymphatic drainage of the upper limb Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Understand the formation of brachial plexus, its branches. 2. Understand the scheme of the regional lymph nodes and know the regions from which the nodes receive its lymphatic vessels. 3. Know the superficial and deep lymphatic drainage of the upper limb and its clinical importance. 1- Brachial plexus: formation and branches 2- Axillary groups of lymph nodes: sites, afferents and efferent and clinical importance 3- Lymphatic drainage of the upper limb and its clinical importance - 1- The roots of brachial plexus are C5,C6, C7,C8 and T1-2- The Brachial plexus has three cords: lateral, medial and posterior - 3- The axillary lymph nodes are the main lymphatic drainage of the upper limb 31

43 - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD- ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the anatomy of the brachial plexus and its branches. 32

44 Lecture (12): Back and Scapular region Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Know the muscles of the back and scapular region. 2. Understand their functions and innervation. 3. Know the arteries contribute to anastomosis around the Shoulder joint and its clinical importance. 4. Understand the clinical effects of injuries of the spinal accessory, axillary and suprascapular nerves. 1- Muscles of the back and scapular region, their attachment, nerve supply, action and its clinical importance. 2- Boundaries and contents of the quadriangular space and its clinical importance. 3- Anastomosis around the shoulder and its clinical importance 4- Causes and clinical effects of the injuries of spinal accessory, axillary and suprascapular nerves 1- The anterior circumflex, posterior circumflex and ascending branch of the 33

45 profunda brachii artery form the anastomosis around the scapula. 2- The injuries of the nerves affect the muscles supplying by that nerves - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the anatomy of the scapular muscles 34

46 Lecture (13): Arm, cubital fossa and superficial veins of the upper limb Student notes Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Develop clear concept of the arm including muscles, vessels and nerves. 2. Develop clear concept of the cubital fossa. 3. Explain on anatomical basis why certain superficial veins are used for venipuncture. 1-Muscles of the arm, their functions and innervation. 2- Nerves of the arm, their course and branches 3- Brachial artery: course, branches, main relations, surface anatomy and site of its pulsation and compression 4- Superficial veins of the upper limb and its clinical importance 5- Boundaries and contents of the cubital fossa 1- The muscles of arm are flexor and extensor groups. The flexor group is supplied by musculocutaneous nerve and the extensor muscle is supplied by the radial nerve. 2-The superficial veins are the common site for venipuncture 35

47 3- The cubital fossa contains the brachial artery and its two terminal branches (radial and ulnar), median nerve and biceps tendon. - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discus the anatomy of the arm muscles and the contents of cubital fossa 36

48 Lecture (14): Anterior compartment of Forearm Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Develop clear concept of the muscles, vessels and nerves of the anterior compartment of the forearm. 2. Understand the clinical importance of anastomosis around the elbow. 3. Understand the formation of carpal tunnel and carpal tunnel syndrome. 4. Know the structures related to the flexor retinaculum of the wrist. 1- Muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm, their functions and innervation 2- Nerves of the anterior compartment of the forearm, their course and branches 3- Radial and ulnar arteries: their course, branches, main relations, surface anatomy and sites of feeling their pulsations 4- Anastomosis around the elbow and its clinical importance. 5- Carpal tunnel: formation, contents and causes, clinical effects & treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. 6- Flexor retinaculum of the wrist: attachment, function and the structures related to it. 1- The muscles of the anterior compartment of the front of the forearm is divided into superficial and deep groups. 37

49 2- the superficial muscles have common origin and are supplied by the median and ulnar nerves 3- The ulnar and radial arteries are the terminal branches of the brachial artery and begin at the level of radial tuberosity 3-Compression of the median nerve deep to the flexor retinaculum produces the carpal tunnel syndrome. - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet 1- Discus the anatomy of the muscles of the front of the forearm. 2- Discuss anatomy of the flexor retinaculum and its clinical significance. 38

50 Lecture (15): Lateral and posterior Compartments of the Forearm Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Develop clear concept of the muscles, vessels and nerves of these compartments. 2. Know the structures related to the extensor retinaculum of the wrist. 1- Muscles of the lateral and posterior compartments of the forearm: their functions and innervation 2- Nerves of the lateral and posterior compartments of the forearm, their course and branches. 3- Extensor retinaculum of the wrist: attachment, function and structures related to it 1- The muscles of the lateral and posterior compartments are extensor for the wrist joint and the fingers 2- The main nerve supply to these muscles is the radial nerve and its posterior interosseous nerve 3- the extensor retinaculum has six compartment and each one contains certain structure - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

51 - Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet 1- Discus the anatomy of the muscles of the lateral and posterior compartments of the forearm. 2- Discuss anatomy of the extensor retinaculum and its clinical significance. 40

52 Lecture (16): The Hand Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Develop clear concept on the topographic anatomy of the hand, muscles, nerves, vessels, fascial spaces, fibrous and synovial flexor sheaths. 2. Understand the movements of thumb and fingers. 3. Understand the spread of infection in tenosynovitis. 4. Locate the anatomical snuff box. 1- Intrinsic muscles of the hand: their functions and innervation. 2- Fibrous and synovial flexor sheaths, fascial spaces and pulp space and their clinical importance. 3- Fibrous and synovial flexor sheaths, fascial spaces and pulp space and their clinical importance. 4- Median and ulnar nerves in the palm. 5- Median and ulnar nerves in the palm 6- Cutaneous innervation of the hand. 7- Anatomical snuff box: location, boundaries, contents and its clinical importance. 1- The limbs develop from the limb bud at the 4 th week 2- The muscles of the hand can be classified into four groups: thenar, hypothenar, Lumbercalis and interossei 3- All the hand muscles are supplied by the ulnar nerve except the thenar and 1 st and 2 nd lumbercalis - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II 41

53 (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet 1- Discuss the anatomy of the hand muscles. 42

54 Lecture (17): Dermatomes and nerve injuries of the upper limb Students notes Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Understand the different kinds of injuries of the brachial plexus, musculocutaneous and ulnar nerves, the ways these injuries are produced and their clinical effects 1- Dermatomes and cutaneous innervation of the upper limb. 2- Upper and lower lesions of brachial plexus: causes and clinical effects 3- Overview of the course and branches of musculocutaneous and ulnar nerves 4- Causes and clinical effects of different kinds of injuries of musculocutaneous and ulnar nerves 1- The dermatomes of the upper limb are C4-T2 2- The lesion of the brachial plexus may be complete or partial (upper or lower trunk). 3- The upper trunk lesion produces Erb s palsy 4- The lower trunk lesion produces Klempke s palsy - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

55 - Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Describe the causes and the effects of ulnar and musculocutaneous lesions. 44

56 Lecture (18): Nerve injuries of the upper limb (Continued). Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Raid Hamdy Teaching Location: Auditorium Students notes After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Understand the different kinds of injuries of the median, radial and axillary nerves, whys these injuries are produced and their clinical effects. 1- Overview of the course and branches of the median, radial and axillary nerves. 2- Causes and clinical effects of different kinds of injuries of the median, radial and axillary nerves. 1- The median nerve supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the of forearm and thenar muscles 2- The radial nerve supplies the extensor muscles compartment. - Human Anatomy and Musculo-skeletal System, Part II (Upper Limb) Department of Anatomy,, KAU, KSA. 2007; Pages: Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No

57 -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet 1- Discuss the causes and effects of the median, axillary and radial nerve lesions. 46

58 Lecture (19): Intercostal Spaces and Pleura Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Abdul Monem Al-Hayani Teaching Location: Auditorium Students notes After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Understand the intercostal spaces and their contents. 2. Compare muscles of intercostal spaces. 3. Describe arteries, veins, nerves of the anterior and posterior thoracic walls. 4. Understand the position and innervation of the pleura and its clinical importance. 1- Explain what is meant by intercostal space and its contents 2- Compare between external, internal and innermost intercostal muscles 3- Vessels of the thoracic wall: Internal thoracic vessels; anterior and posterior intercostal vessels and azygos system of veins. 4- Intercostal nerves: origin, course, branches and distribution. 5- Pleura: layers, nerve supply and important clinical aspect 1- There are eleven intercostal spaces; each space contains an intercostal muscles, nerve and blood vessel. 2- The pleura is a serous membrane enclosing the lungs. It has parietal and visceral surfaces - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: 48-60;

59 - Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the anatomy and contents of the intercostal spaces. 48

60 Lecture (20): Lung and bronchopulmonary segments Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in Female Section : Dr. Abdul Monem Al-Hayani in Male Section Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Give a description of the anatomy of the lungs. 2. Identify the major relations. 3. Describe the root of the lung and its contents. 4. Develop clear concept about bronchopulmonary segments and understand its clinical importance. 5. Know trachea and main bronchi. 6. Give a precise account on the mechanism of respiration 1- Lungs: base, apex, surface, borders, fissures and lobes 2- Differences between right and left lungs 3- Blood and nerve supply and lymphatic drainage of the lungs 4-Descibe how medial surface is moulded to pericardium and other mediastinum surfaces. 5- Different structures joining the root of lung: bronchi, pulmonary vessels, lymph vessels, bronchial vessels and nerves 6- The characteristics of the bronchopulmonary segments. 7- Mechanism of respiration in short 1- Both lungs have apex, base, three borders, anterior and medial surfaces. The right lung has three lobes and two fissures while the left lung has two lobes and one fissure 2-The root of each lung contains bronchus, pulmonary artery and two pulmonary veins with Hilar lymph nodes and pulmonary nerve plexuses - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, 49

61 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Describe the difference of both lungs and the medial relations of each lung. 50

62 Lecture (21): Major Blood vessels of the Thorax Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Abdul Monem Al-Hayani Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Develop clear concept on the anatomy of the major blood vessels of the thorax. 2. Describe the beginning, termination, course and relations of the big blood vessels of the thorax. 3. Know the clinical anatomy of the blood vessels. Ascending aorta: Origin, course, relations, branches, termination and clinical aspects. Arch of aorta: Origin, course, relations, branches, termination and clinical aspects. Descending thoracic aorta: Origin, course, relations, branches, termination and clinical aspects. Superior vena cava: Origin, course, relations, branches, termination and clinical aspects. Inferior vena cava: Origin, course, relations, branches, termination and clinical aspects. Pulmonary trunk: Origin, course, relations, branches, termination and clinical aspects. Pulmonary veins: Origin, course, relations, branches, termination and clinical aspects. 51

63 1- There is fibrous and serous pericardium. 2- The mediastinum is the space between the two pleural cavities. It is divided into superior and inferior one. 3- The heart has three surface (anterior, inferior and base) and apex, 4- The heart has two atria and two ventricles. Each chamber consists of two parts: smooth and rough - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet 1- Describe the parts of the mediastinum and its contents 52

64 Lecture (22): Blood supply of the Heart Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Abdul Monem Al-Hayani Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Describe the arterial supply of the conducting system of the heart. 2. Understand the arterial supply and venous drainage of the heart. 3. Identify the nerve supply of the heart and understand how cardiac pain impulses reach consciousness. 4. Understand the different clinical application. Position and arterial supply of different parts of conducting system, SA node, AV node, AV bundle and internodal conducting system. Right and left coronary arteries and their branches. Venous drainage of the heart: coronary sinus and its tributaries, anterior cardiac veins and venae cordis minimi. Cardiac plexuses: formation and distribution. Important clinical notes of the heart. 1- The chambers of the heart have smooth and rough parts 2- Each chamber has a valve for the control of the blood flow and prevention its regurgitation 3- The coronary arteries supply the heart and the coronary sinus drains the venous return from the heart. 53

65 - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet - describe the internal structures and the blood supply of the heart 54

66 Lecture (23): Superior mediastinum Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Abdul Monem Al-Hayani Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Describe the boundaries of the superior mediastinum. 2. Enumerate the contents of the superior mediastinum. 3. Give an account on the relations of its various structures. 4. Give a brief description on large veins and arteries, trachea and oesophagus. 5. Understand the clinical notes concerning the structures of the superior mediastinum. 1- Boundaries of the superior mediastinum 2- Contents of the superior mediastinum in anatomical order. 3- Large veins: beginning, course, end and tributaries. 4- Arch of aorta: beginning, course and relations, end and branches. 5- Trachea: beginning, course and relations, end, blood and nerve supply. 6- Oesophagus: beginning, course and relations, end, blood and nerve supply. 7- Important clinical note of the superior mediastinal structures. 1- The main contents of superior mediastinum are the SVC and its main tributaries, the arch of aorta and its branches, the two vagi and two phrenic nerves, the trachea and esophagus 2- The SVC receives the blood from the upper half of the body and from the azygos vein 3- The aortic arch gives the left CCA, Left subclavian artery and the brachiocephalic artery 55

67 - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: 82-84; Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet - Discuss the anatomy of the aortic arch and its branches - Discuss the anatomy SVC and main tributaries 56

68 Lecture: (24): Posterior mediastinum Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Abdul Monem Al-Hayani Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Describe the boundaries of the posterior mediastinum. 2. Enumerate the contents of the posterior mediastinum. 3. Give a precise account on the relations between various contents. 4. Give a brief description of the various structures located in the posterior mediastinum 1- Boundaries of the posterior mediastinum. 2- Anatomical features of contents of the posterior mediastinum: esophagus, descending thoracic aorta, azygos veins, thoracic duct, and sympathetic chain. 3- Important clinical note of the posterior mediastinal structures. 1- The posterior mediastinum is present behind the heart 2- It contains the esophagus, descending aorta, vagi and the lymph nodes and sympathetic trunks - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No

69 -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet 1- Discuss the anatomical structures of the posterior mediastinum. 58

70 Lecture (25): Nerves, vessels and lymphatic drainage of the thorax Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Abdul Monem Al-Hayani Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Know the nerves of the thorax. 2. Understand the lymphatic drainage of the thorax. 3. Describe the arteries of the thorax. 4. Describe the veins of the thorax. 1- Vagus & phrenic nerves and sympathetic chain. 2- Lymph vessels and nodes draining the skin and intercostal spaces. 3- Lymph nodes of the thoracic cavity. 4- Vessels of the thorax. 5- Clinical points of the nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the thorax. 1- The phrenic nerves supply the diaphragm 2- The vagi supply the visceral structures in thoracic cavity as lungs and heart - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No

71 -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet 1- Discuss the blood vessels, the lymph nodes and the nerves of the thoracic cavity. 60

72 Lecture (26): Blood, lymph and nerve supply of the abdomen Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Hamid Abdul Raoof Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Recognize the blood supply of the abdomen. 2. Describe the lymphatic drainage of the abdominal structures. 3. Understand the innervation of the abdominal viscera and visceral referred pain. 4- Describe the autonomic plexuses. 1- Aorta: beginning, course, relations, termination and branches. 2- Inferior vena cava: Beginning, course and relations, termination and tributaries. 3- Abdominal lymph nodes and lymph vessels. 4- Autonomic plexuses: celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric. 5- Superior and inferior hypogastric plexuses. 6- Renal plexus. 1- The abdominal aorta begins at the aortic opening of the diaphragm and ends at the L4 vertebra where it gives the two common iliac arteries. 2- Inferior vena cava begins at L5 vertebra and ends at the right atrium at the level of 6 th costal cartilage 3- There are many autonomic plexuses surrounding the great arteries of the abdomen. - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

73 - Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet 1- Discuss the vessels and nerves of the abdominal cavity 62

74 Lecture (27): Anal and urogenital triangles Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Gamal Saaed Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Understand the anatomy of the perineal region in both male and female and comprehend the anatomical basis of clinical conditions of the area. 2. Learn the relationships of structures in the superficial and deep pouches. 3. Visualize the parts of the urethra. 4. Understand how different fascial layers of the region. 1- Boundaries and contents of urogenital triangle in male and female. 2- Boundaries of the anal triangle. 3- The anal canal: its sphincter, nerve and arterial supply, venous and lymphatic drainage. 4- Ischiorectal fossa: boundaries and contents. 5- Superficial and deep pouches. 6- Urogenital diaphragm. 7- Clinical notes of the above mentioned structures 1- The perineum is the pelvic outlet and is divided into two triangles: one anterior (urogenital) and one posterior (anal). 2- The Urogenital triangle is subdivided into superficial and deep peroneal pouches by the peroneal membrane. 3- The anal triangle contains the anal canal and the ischiorectal fossae around it. - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

75 - Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the contents and boundaries of both anal and urogenital triangles 64

76 Lecture (28): Pelvic peritoneum, fasciae and muscles Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Gamal Saaed Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Understand the peritoneal reflections and pouches. 2. Know the importance of the rectouterine (Douglas) pouch. 3. List the main muscles of the pelvic floor and their function and interaction with pelvic organs. 1- Pelvic peritoneal reflections in male and female. 2- Rectouterine pouch and its clinical notes 3- Parietal and visceral pelvic fascia 4- Muscles of the pelvic wall and floor 5- Functional significance and injury of the levator ani in females 1- The pelvic viscera have different patterns of the peritoneal covering. 2- The peritoneal covering the pelvic viscera forms different pouches. These pouches contain small and large intestinal loops and have great importance clinically. 3- The levator ani and the coccygeus muscle with their fascial covering form the pelvic diaphragm - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: Independent learning from the CD-ROM. 65

77 The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the structures of the pelvic fascia and pelvic diaphragm. 66

78 Lecture (29): Pelvic nerves and vessels Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Gamal Saaed Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Know the branches of the lumbosacral plexus and the segmental contribution to each. 2. Understand autonomic nerves to viscera. 3. Learn the branches of the internal iliac artery. 4. Describe the venous and lymphatic drainage of the pelvis. 1- Branches of the sacral plexus and their distribution 2- Pelvic part of sympathetic trunk. 3- Pelvic splanchnic nerve 4- Superior and inferior hypogastric plexuses 5- Internal iliac, superior rectal, ovarian and median sacral arteries 6- Veins of the pelvis 7- Lymph nodes and vessels of the pelvis 1- Sacral plexus roots are L4, L5 and S1,2,3 spinal nerves 2- The internal iliac artery is one of the two terminal branches of the common. It divides into anterior and posterior divisions. Each division has both visceral and parietal arteries 3- Veins of the pelvic viscera form the internal iliac venous plexus. 4- The main lymphatic drainage of the pelvic viscera is the internal iliac lymph nodes - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: 67

79 Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet - Discuss the sacral anatomy and its branches 68

80 Lecture ( 30): Male and female pelvic viscera Lecturer: Prof. Amira Al-Haggagy in female Section : Dr. Gamal Saaed Teaching Location: Auditorium After this lecture, student should be able to: 1. Understand the relationship of viscera in both male and female. 2. Comprehend the rich vascular anastomosis to the rectum and anal canal and know their venous drainage. 3. Know the ligaments supporting the uterus. 4. Know the contents of the broad ligament. 5. Understand what the term anteversion and anteflexion means. 6. Learn structures felt in vaginal and rectal examinations. Sigmoid colon, rectum, urinary bladder, pelvic part of ureter, prostate, seminal vesicle, vas deference, ovary, Fallopian tube, uterus, vagina and their clinical aspects 1- The male genital viscera are the prostatic gland, seminal vesical, vas deferens. Ejaculatory ducts and urethra 2- The female genital viscera are the uterus, tubes, ovaries and vagina 3- The pelvic part of the G.I.T is the sigmoid colon, rectum and anal canal - Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

81 - Independent learning from the CD-ROM. The computer cluster is in the 2 nd floor of the medical library, building No. 7. -Web site of anatomy department; kaauanatomy.com - Anatomical website on the Internet Discuss the anatomy of the male urogenital viscera Discuss the female urogenital viscera 70

82 Practice (1): Hip bone, Femur, Patella and Femoral Triangle Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summary: The student well dissect the cadaveric specimens and show the details of the lower limb bones. The student well see the femoral triangle (boundaries and contents), saphenous opening, and identify the features of the lower limb bones. After this practical, student should be able to Describe and Demonstrate: 1- Use anatomical terminology for topographical region of lower limb. 2- Recognize anatomical structures correctly by actual dissection, prosection and museum study. 3- Identify anatomical structures make up boundaries of femoral triangle; which muscles contribute to each wall Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ;

83 Practice (2): Front and Medial Sides of the Thigh. Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room SUMMERY: The students well dissect the front and the medial side of the lower limb of the cadavers. Then they identify the muscles and the vessels of both anterior and medial compartments of the thigh. After this practical, student should be able to Describe and Demonstrate: 1- Bony landmarks in the front and medial sides of the thigh. 2- Important single muscles, their origin, insertion, nerve supply, actions and important relations. 3- Muscle groups, their actions and nerve supply Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ;

84 Practice (3): Gluteal Region Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room SUMMERY: The students well dissect the gluteal region. They well identify the gluteal maximum and its relations After this practical, student should be able to Describe and Demonstrate 1- Identify the bony landmarks in the gluteal region 2- Single muscles, their origin, insertion, nerve supply, actions and important relations especially for gluteus maximus. 3- Nerves supplying these muscles. 4- The superior and inferior gluteal nerves and vessels. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

85 Practice (4): Back of the Thigh and Popliteal Fossa Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room SUMMERY: The students well dissect the posterior compartment of the thigh and the popliteal fossa to see the contents of the fossa from the popliteal blood vessels and the sciatic nerve with its two terminal branches and the muscles of the back of the thigh. After this practical, student should be able to Describe and Demonstrate: 1. Identify the muscles of the back of the thigh and their attachments and actions 2. The nerves that supply these muscles 3. Anatomical boundaries of popliteal fossa; which muscles contribute to each wall 4. The contents of this fossa in anatomical order Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ;

86 Practice (5): Tibia, Fibula and Skeleton of the Foot Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room SUMMERY: The students identify the features of the bones of leg and foot. The students well determine the side of the bone and the structures of each bony arch of the foot After this practical, student should be able to Describe and Demonstrate 1- Anatomical features of leg and foot bones 2- Aches of the foot and factors maintaining these arches Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ;

87 Practice (6): Anterior and Lateral Compartments of the Leg and Dorsum the Foot Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room SUMMERY: The students well dissect the anterior compartment of the leg and the dorsum of the foot to see the muscles, vessels and nerves of these regions. After this practical, student should be able to Describe and Demonstrate: 1- Bony landmarks in the leg. 2- Identify the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg and their attachments and actions 3- Muscles of lateral compartment of the leg and their attachments and action. 4- Muscles of the dorsum of the foot 5- Dissect the nerves and vessels supplying these muscles Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ; ;

88 Practice (7): Posterior Compartment of the Leg and Sole of the Foot Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room SUMMERY: The students well dissect the back of leg and sole of the foot to identify the anatomical structures. The students well see the muscles, vessels and the nerves of the back of leg and the layers of the sole of foot. After this practical, student should be able to Describe and Demonstrate: 1- Muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg, their attachments and actions 2- Nerves and vessels supplying these muscles. 3- Discriminate the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the foot 4- Plantar arches. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

89 Practice (8): Surface and Radiological Anatomy of the Lower Limb Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students show the radiographs of the lower limb to know the surface landmark of the lower limb bones and learn how to correlate between the radiographic findings and the soft tissue of the limb After this practical, student should be able to Describe and Demonstrate: 1- Radiological appearance of hip, knee, ankle regions and skeleton of the foot 2- Surface anatomy of gluteal region, adductor canal, knee and ankle regions Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

90 Practice (9): Scapula, clavicle, humerus, sternum, 1 st rib & typical rib Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well studies the anatomical features of the bones listed and well learn how differentiate between the side of the bone and the details features of these bones. After this practical, student should be able to Identify: 1- General features of each bone 2- Subcutaneous parts of each bone 3- Sternal angle & its clinical importance Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ;

91 Practice (10): Pectoral region, breast and Axilla (1/2) Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students dissect the pectoral region, breast and axilla to know the anatomical structures of this are. The students can determine the wall and contents of the axilla and the structures of the brachial plexus. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Palpate the bony subcutaneous landmarks of the pectoral region. 2- Delineate the mid-sternal, mid-clavicular and axillary lines 3- Identify the deltopectoral groove & expose the cephalic vein 4- Identify clavipectoral fascia & structures piercing it 5- Mark the location of the breast on the chest wall & demonstrate its arterial supply 6- Demonstrate the anatomical structures that make up the boundaries and folds of the axilla; which muscle contributes to each wall; their attachments, nerve supply and action. 7- Identify the cords and branches of brachial plexus. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

92 Practice (11): Axilla (2/2), Sternoclavicular & Acromioclavicular joints Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students see the articulations between the clavicle and sternum and acromion. They well correlate between these joints and the movements of the shoulder girdle. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Axillary artery & its major branches 2- Axillary vein 3- The sites of axillary group of lymph nodes 4- Components of sternoclavicular & acromioclavicular joints. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ;

93 Practice (12): Back & Scapular region Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students identify the bony landmarks of the back and the scapular region. The muscles of the scapular region and the back well be completely dissected and identified by the students. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Palpate the subcutaneous bony landmarks of the back 2- Identify: muscles of the back & scapular muscles, their attachments, nerve supply & action 3- Locate the auscultation & lumbar triangles 4- Identify the long head of triceps & locate the quadrangular space and identify its contents 5- Identify the arteries that contribute to anastomosis around the shoulder joint Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

94 Practice (13): Radius, ulna & skeleton of the hand. Superficial veins & cutaneous nerves of the upper limb Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well known the features of the forearm and the hand bones and the superficial veins and nerves of the upper limb After this practical, student should be able to; 1- General features of the radius & ulna 2- Subcutaneous bony parts at the elbow & wrist regions 3- Identify the bones of the hand 4- Main superficial veins of the upper limb; cephalic, basilic & median cubital vein. 5- Main cutaneous nerves of the arm forearm & hand Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ;

95 Practice (14): Arm & Cubital fossa Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students dissect the arm and the cubital fossa to see the muscles, vessels and nerves of these regions of the upper limb. The relation between the brachial artery with its surroundings well are seen clearly after the dissection. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Identify muscles of the arm, their attachments, nerve supply & understand their actions 2- Identify the brachial artery & its major branches 3- Identify the spiral groove its contents 4- Identify the boundaries & contents of cubital fossa 5- Know the clinical importance of bicipital aponeurosis Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

96 Practice (15): Anterior compartment of the forearm Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well dissect the anterior compartment of the forearm to see the muscles, blood vessels and nerves. The students show the relations of the flexor retinaculum to know its clinical importance. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm, their attachments, nerve supply & understand their actions. 2- The radial & ulnar arteries & their major branches. 3- Flexor retinaculum and the structures passing superficial & deep to it. 4- Anastomosis of the elbow joint Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

97 Practice (16): Posterior compartment of forearm & dorsum of the hand Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well dissect the back of the forearm and identify the muscles, blood vessels and nerves of this compartment. The students expose the extensor retinaculum and identify the compartments of it. The structures of the anatomical snuff box and its contents and the superficial structures of the dorsum of the hand well be seen by the students. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Muscles of the lateral & posterior compartments of the forearm, their attachments, nerve supply & understand their actions 2- Posterior interosseous nerve & vessels. 3- Extensor retinaculum, structures related to it 4- Extensor tendons & extensor expansion 5- Location of anatomical snuff box & identify its contents 6- Cutaneous nerves of the dorsum of the hand 7- Dorsal venous arch & dorsal interossei Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

98 Practice (17): The Palm Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well dissect the palm and determine the muscle groups of the palm and the flexor retinaculum and its relations. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Palmar aponeurosis 2- Thenar, hypothenar & adductor pollicis muscles 3- Superficial & deep palmar arterial arches 4- Lumbrical & interossei muscles & their attachments 5- Median & ulnar nerve 6- Attachments of flexor digitorum superficial & profundus tendons. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

99 Practice (18): Joints, Surface Anatomy & Radiology of the upper limb Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The structures, surface and radiological anatomy of the joint of the upper limbs well fully explained to the students. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Identify the components of the elbow, superior & inferior radio ulnar, wrist joints of the hand 2- Understand the movements of each joint & know the muscles that contribute to these movements 3- Palpate the bony subcutaneous landmarks of the upper limb 4- Mark the main arteries on the surface of the limb 5- Identify the bony structures in a normal radiograph 6- Be familiar with normal mammogram Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

100 Practice (19): Thoracic Cage, Thoracic Wall and Pleura Lecturer: Staff Members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The anatomical features of the bony thoracic cage well are studied to the students. The students well dissect the thoracic wall and identify the pleura and its recesses. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Bones of thoracic cage 2- The side of the rib, identify atypical ribs (1 st, 2 nd and 12 th ). 3- Joints of the thorax 4- Intercostal muscles, vessels and nerves 5- The pleural cavity and pleural recesses Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

101 Practice (20): The Lungs Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well have seen the anatomical position of the lungs within the thoracic cage and their relations in situ. The side, lobes, fissures and impressions of the lungs are well known to the students. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- The anatomical relationship of the lobes of the lungs and their surface projections 2- The lobes and fissures of the lung after its removal 3- The impressions of adjacent structures in contact to the lung. 4- The pulmonary arteries, veins and bronchial tree 5- The bronchopulmonary segments by dissecting one lung for demonstration Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

102 Practice (21): Major Blood Vessels of the Thorax Lecturer: Staff Members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students dissect the main arteries and veins of the thorax. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Locate and describe the Aorta (ascending, arch and descending) 2- Locate and describe the pulmonary trunk 3- Locate and describe the superior and inferior venae cavae and pulmonary veins. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

103 Practice (22): Blood supply of the heart Lecturer: Staff Members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students dissect the heart to show its blood vessels. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Locate and describe the coronary artery and branches 2- Locate and describe the coronary sinus. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

104 Practice (23): Superior Mediastinum Lecturer: Staff Members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students know the boundaries and the contents of the superior mediastinum. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- The position of the superior mediastinum 2- The boundaries and contents of the superior mediastinum Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: 82-84;

105 Practice (24): Posterior Mediastinum Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students remove the heart and see the posterior relations to it. The posterior mediastinum contains the esophagus, azygos, vagi, thoracic ducts and descending aorta. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- The boundaries of the posterior mediastinum 2- The contents of the posterior mediastinum Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: 82-84;

106 Practice (25): Surface Anatomy of the Thorax Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students know the surface making of the pleura, heart, and valves of the heart and the sites of auscultation. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Surface anatomy of the pleura, lung, heart and valves 2- Sites of auscultation of the heart valves Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

107 Practice (26): Radiological Anatomy of the Thorax Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students learn the radiological anatomy of the thoracic contents. The students Know the radiological view, the sites and name of the thoracic contents. After this practical, student should be able to ; 1- Radiographic appearance of - Plain x-ray, postero-anterior view - Soft tissues - Bony framework - The Diaphragm - The Trachea - Boundaries of the mediastinum Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

108 Practice (27): The upper Gastrointestinal Tract and its glands Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students know the anatomical parts of the upper G.I.T, liver. Spleen and pancreas. After this practical, student should be able to ; 1- Stomach and duodenum, and their relations and blood supply 2- Pancreas and spleen and their blood supply 3- Liver, gall bladder and biliary ducts Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages: ;

109 Practice (28): Lower part of the Gastrointestinal Tract and portal vein Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well show the intestine and learn how to differentiate between the small and large intestine. Also, the students know the portal vein and its tributaries. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Differences between small and large intestine. 2- Origin, termination and tributaries of portal vein Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

110 Practice (29): Kidneys, Ureters, Suprarenal glands Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students show the kidney in its anatomical site and know how differentiate between its side. The relations of the kidneys and the suprarenal glands well clearly seen and the students well know these relations. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Position of the kidney, its covering, structure and important relations 2- Position, relations and blood supply of the ureter 3- Location, description of suprarenal gland and its blood supply Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

111 Practice (30): Posterior Abdominal Wall Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students dissect the posterior abdominal wall of the cadavers and show the blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics of the posterior abdominal wall. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Fasciae, muscles of posterior abdominal wall 2- Vessels, lymphatics and nerves of posterior abdominal wall Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

112 Practice (31): Surface Anatomy of the Abdomen Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well learn surface anatomy of the abdominal viscera including: the liver, gall bladder. Kidneys, Ureters and intestine After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Surface anatomy of: liver, gall bladder, spleen and pancreas 2- Surface anatomy of stomach, duodenum, cecum, appendix, ascending, transverse and descending colon 3- Surface anatomy of kidney, ureter, uterus and aorta Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

113 Practice (32): Radiological Anatomy of the Abdomen Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students well show the surface anatomy of the abdominal viscera and organs including the liver, kidneys, pancreas and spleen. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- Radiographic studies for GIT, biliary ducts, urinary tract Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

114 Practice (33): Perineum (urogenital triangle) Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students dissect the perineum of the cadavers and show the urogenital viscera. After this practical, student should be able to; 1- The anatomy of the perineal region in both male and female 2- Dissect and identify parts of the penis and urethra. 3- Define the contents of superficial and deep perineal pouches 4- To outline the boundaries of urogenital 5- Identify external genitalia in both sexes Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

115 Practice (34): Perineum (Anal Triangle) Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students dissect the anal triangle to show its contents. They must concentrate on the parts of the anal canal and the contents of ischiorectal fossa. After this practical, student should be able to: 1- The anatomy of the perineal region in both male and female 2- To outline the boundaries of anal triangle 3- Examine the anal canal and identify its mucosal features 4- Examine the anatomy of the ischiorectal fossa and identify the nerves and blood vessels that traverse the fossa Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

116 Practice (35): Male bony pelvis Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Summery: The students identify the general features and characters of the male pelvis After this practical, student should be able to: 1- The features that distinguish the male bony pelvis 2- Identify the important bony landmark used to define pelvic boundaries, inlet and outlet Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

117 Practice (36): Female Bony pelvis Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Summery: The students study the anatomical features and characters of the female bony pelvis. Moreover, the students know the bony landmarks of the pelvic inlet, cavity and outlet, the ligaments and the joints of the female pelvis. After this practical, student should be able to: 1- The features that distinguish female bony pelvis 2- Identify the important bony landmark used to define pelvic inlet, outlet, true and false pelvis 3- Understand the dimensions of the normal adult female pelvis and their clinical importance in delivery 4- Know the ligaments and joints of the pelvis Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

118 Practice (37): Muscles of the Pelvis Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students dissect the pelvic wall and show the muscles of the lateral wall and the pelvic diaphragm. Moreover, the students know the structures pass through the pelvic diaphragm. After this practical, student should be able to: 1- Muscles of the pelvis: levator ani, piriformis, obturator internus and coccygeus 2- Structures and apertures of the pelvic diaphragm. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

119 Practice (38): Vessels and Nerves of the Pelvis Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Room Summery: The students determine the branches of lumber and sacral plexuses; the branches of internal iliac artery and the two divisions. After this practical, student should be able to 1- The lumbar and sacral plexuses 2- Identify the branches of the internal iliac artery Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

120 Practice (39): Pelvic viscera in Male Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Summery: The students identify the peritoneal covering the male pelvic viscera and the peritoneal pouches. The male pelvic viscera well are dissected by the students to show their relations. After this practical, student should be able to: 1- Identify and understand relation of the peritoneal fossae and viscera in male 2- Identify the prostate, ductus deferens, seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

121 Practice (40): Pelvic viscera in female Lecturer: staff members Teaching Location: Dissection Summery: The students identify the peritoneal covering of the pelvic viscera and the peritoneal pouches. The students show the normal position of the uterus. tubes and the ovaries After this practical, student should be able to: 1- Identify and understand relation of the peritoneal fossae and viscera in female pelvis 2- Identify the normal position of the uterus, parts of the uterine tubes and ovarian fossa Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students; Richard S Snell, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7 th ed. Pages:

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