MSc in Neuroscience Course Guide

Transcription

1 SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX MSc in Neurscience Curse Guide

2 Welcme t the University f Sussex The University f Sussex was funded in the 1960s and has grwn t becme a leading teaching and research institutin in the UK. We currently have ver 13,000 students, 3,000 staff and an annual turnver f 180m. Sussex is highly internatinal, with links with every cntinent, ver 2,300 internatinal students frm 120 cuntries, and teaching staff frm 40 natins. We are a leading research university, as reflected in the Research Excellence Framewrk (2014), which placed Bilgical Sciences and Psychlgy, Psychiatry and Neurscience at Sussex in the Tp 10 universities in the UK fr research quality. Did yu knw that Sussex was the first University in the UK, and pssibly in the wrld, t ffer an undergraduate degree in Neurscience?! The first chrt f Neurbilgy BSc students graduated in 1973, and Neurscience is nw such a large research fcus at Sussex that we have ver 50 research faculty wrking acrss the full range f neurscience disciplines. In 2013 we established Sussex Neurscience, a University Research Centre that brings tgether all neurscience research n campus, with membership spanning fur different Schls: Life Sciences, Psychlgy, Engineering and Infrmatics, and the Brightn and Sussex Medical Schl (BSMS). As a Masters student yu will be a part f this cmmunity. The bjectives f SN are bth academic and scial, aiming t enhance research cllabratin, utput, pprtunity and enjyability. Yu can find ut mre abut faculty research, seminars, events and news at: This guide cntains infrmatin specific t yur MSc in Neurscience degree curse, which is run by the Schl f Life Sciences. Please als see the University pstgraduate webpages fr general infrmatin: Key cntacts Curse Organiser: Dr Ruth Staras: r.staras@sussex.ac.uk. Pstgraduate Curse C-rdinatr: Jsey Wilkin: jsey.wilkin@sussex.ac.uk Curse aims and bjectives Our Neurscience MSc curse is a relatively small chrt f arund 20 students, and we aim t prvide yu with a brad range f ptins acrss many different areas f neurscience, s that each student may fllw his/her wn pathway f interest thrugh the year. Alngside this flexibility, ur cre mdules ensure that all students receive a slid grunding in cntemprary cellular neurscience research tpics and skills. Fr successful cmpletin f the Neurscience MSc, yur bjectives are t: Demnstrate a systematic understanding f tpics relevant t neurscience research, and be able t critically evaluate current research literature. Synthesise riginal arguments and hyptheses that can be experimentally tested, and demnstrate an ability t address theretical prblems independently, systematically and creatively. Use practical techniques (e.g. labratry skills, mdelling r wrking with human subjects) at a level needed fr research in neurscience, and be able t critically evaluate the ways in which these techniques cntribute t current knwledge. Plan and cnduct experiments in neurscience. Write a reprt n research findings in the frm f a dissertatin, demnstrating self-directin and riginality. Develp relevant data analysis skills. 2

3 Present a research seminar, cmmunicating infrmatin, ideas, prblem slving and cnclusins t specialist and nn-specialist audiences. Wrk cperatively with a labratry supervisr and research team. Curse Structure Timetable The curse runs frm September 24 th 2018 t the end f August Taught mdules run frm September t Christmas (Autumn Term, T1) and January t April (Spring Term, T2). The labratry Research Prject begins during the Spring term and runs until the end f July, with the Dissertatin due in mid-august. A detailed weekly timetable will be available after yu have arrived and chsen yur ptinal mdules. As an apprximate guide, each 15 credit mdule typically invlves arund 3-4 cntact hurs per week, and yu will take 60 credits per term. Yur taught mdules are therefre likely t ttal abut hurs cntact time per week during the Autumn and Spring terms. Yur remaining time is fr private study. One credit crrespnds t apprximately 10 hurs f student wrk- this includes attending timetabled sessins, backgrund reading and preparing fr assessments and seminars. In additin t taught mdules, yu will als start yur research prject in the Spring term, requiring as much time as pssible in the lab. Fllwing the Spring term exams (if applicable) in May, yur time will be exclusively devted t cntinued prject wrk in the lab thrugh t the end f July. Inductin Yu will participate in the Life Sciences inductin week at the start f the Autumn term in rder t gain a general intrductin t the University and t meet sme f the peple wh will be prviding central administratin. Infrmatin abut Inductin Week will be prvided in a separate dcument. Taught mdules The MSc is a year-lng curse f 180 credits. At least 150 credits must be at Masters Level (Level 7), and the remaining 30 can be at level 6, allwing students t cnslidate basic knwledge r learn abut new tpics. The fur cre mdules allw yu t develp academic and practical skills in Neurscience. Advanced Techniques in Neurscience (30 credits. Term 1) Life Sciences Master f Science Research Prpsal (15 credits. Term 1) Current Tpics in Neurscience (15 credits. Term 2) Research Prject (60 credits. Term 2,3) If yur undergraduate degree was nt in Neurscience we may ask yu t take an additinal cmpulsry 30 credit mdule t build yur knwledge in cre aspects f the subject; we will discuss this with yu in advance: Fundatins f Neurscience (30 credits. Terms 1,2) In additin yu will chse frm a range f ptinal mdules t be taken in terms 1 and 2 (ften with exams in the fllwing term). Yu will be able t chse yur mdules when yu arrive in September, thrugh discussin with the curse rganiser and c-rdinatr. Please nte that the wide range f ptins means that there may be unavidable timetable clashes and sme ptins have limited availability; this may affect yur chices but shuld nt nrmally preclude taking a particular cmbinatin f ptins. Current ptins are shwn belw (all are 15 credits at level 7 unless therwise indicated): 3

4 Autumn (Term 1) Ethics, Philsphy and Methds f Research Intelligence in Animals and Machines Intrductin t Genes and Bichemistry Linear Mdels in Statistics Maths and Cmputatinal Mdels fr Cmplex Systems Mlecular Genetics (level 6) Neurnal Transductin and Transmissin (level 6) Scial Neurscience Tpics in Cgnitive Neurscience Spring (Term 2) Drug Addictin and its Treatment Drugs, Brain and Behaviur (level 6) Functinal Magnetic Resnance Imaging Genme Stability, Gene Diseases and Cancer (level 6) Mlecular Pharmaclgy (level 6) Neurnal Plasticity and Gene Regulatin (level 6) Neurscience f Cnsciusness Sensry Functin and Cmputatin (level 6) Structure and Functin in the Brain (level 6) Year-rund Advanced Research Methds in Psychlgy Sme additinal mdules may be available in exceptinal circumstances thrugh discussin with the curse rganiser. It may be necessary t advise students wh have nt previusly studied in the UK that the emphasis in lectures is n describing hw experimental data are btained and used t frm mdels, theries r hyptheses, thrugh bjective interpretatin. As a result, lecture curse material tends t g beynd the cntents f standard textbks ( which at the level f ur level 6 mdules are used simply as surces f fundamental infrmatin that is n the whle accepted withut reasnable dubt). In additin t using cnventinal visual aids, lecturers usually prvide students with reading lists cntaining references, fr example, t backgrund material r riginal wrk that is relevant t the cntent f their lectures. Students are expected t cnsult a prprtin f such references t aid their understanding f the subject matter. Althugh in general ur apprach t teaching and supervisin is a relatively infrmal ne, lectures are by necessity a means f ne-way infrmatin transfer. Students are strngly advised t be present at all lectures. Seminars and labratry classes are cmpulsry unless therwise indicated. Research Plan and Prject A list f research prject areas fr will be available frm the curse rganiser during Inductin Week. Every effrt will be made t prvide each student with ne f their preferred prjects. The prjects will be allcated by early Octber, when yu will cmmence a literature review and research prpsal fr the prject in cnsultatin with yur supervisr (Life Sciences Master f Science Research Prpsal mdule, 4

5 Autumn term). A list f research prjects undertaken by students in is prvided n page 11 f this Guide, as an illustratin f the types f prjects we ffer- please nte that this is NOT the list fr All supervisrs have their wn research labratries in which MSc students are allcated space, and s fr the duratin f yur prject yu will becme part f an active research grup. Supervisrs wh ffer MSc prjects belng t the Schls f Engineering and Infrmatics, Life Sciences, Psychlgy r the Brightn and Sussex Medical Schl. Students are expected t rganise and carry ut their prject wrk at the same time as attending lectures, seminars, tutrials and writing cursewrk (see belw) and during bth the teaching terms and vacatins, requiring yu t strike a prper balance amngst these cmmitments s that sufficient time is made available fr labratry wrk. Experimental wrk shuld be cmpleted by the end f July at the latest. MSc students shuld have started t prepare material fr their dissertatin during the summer fr submissin in mid-august. At the end yu will give a shrt ral presentatin n yur prject t the rest f the MSc grup. Additinal activities Attendance at special lectures and seminars is an imprtant part f pstgraduate training. All pstgraduate (including MSc) students are required t attend seminars n safety during the Autumn term. Varius grups within Sussex Neurscience run regular jurnal clubs in term-time n a wide range f research tpics. The Sussex Neurscience Seminar Series hsts external speakers every Mnday frm 13:00-14:00 in the CRPC seminar rm, which pstgraduates are encuraged t attend. Fr schedule and mre infrmatin n all f Sussex Neurscience s activities, please visit Career supprt The cre mdules n the MSc have been specifically designed t incrprate key aspects f yur prfessinal develpment. Frmative assessments at the start f the curse als help t identify any areas in yur academic skills that may require particular supprt. Please als visit the University web pages fr further help with academic skills, including advice fr Internatinal students: ; In mre general terms, it is imprtant that yu take the initiative t seek advice frm the peple in ur research cmmunity and t build a gd academic relatinship with yur academic adviser and prject supervisr in particular, as their supprt can be f key imprtance as yu prgress in yur early academic career. Further infrmatin abut scientific careers in a wider cntext, as well as prfessinal skills wrkshps, can be btained thrugh the University Careers and Emplyability Centre: Students cnsidering further pstgraduate study may als jin the Study Direct site Neur-pst, which cntains careers resurces, advice and a student frum; please ask Ruth Staras fr the current subscriptin key. Mdes f assessment Several frms f assessment are invlved, including: Written examinatins. Sme ptinal mdules require students t take unseen examinatins. Details f the time and examinatin rm are supplied t yu n Sussex Direct and cpies f previus years' papers are usually available nline, r frm individual mdule rganizers. 5

6 Essays. All students are required t submit essays r ther cursewrk n tpics relating t lecture r seminar material. These essays are set by the individual mdule rganizers and cntribute twards assessment f mdules. Cursewrk must be submitted by the date required therwise reduced r n marks are awarded unless there are mitigating circumstances. Please check the Study Direct site fr each mdule t see whether a particular submissin must be electrnic (a submissin buttn will be shwn), r as tw paper cpies submitted t the Schl Office. Presentatins. Presentatin f wrk in seminars is a very imprtant skill. There are assessed presentatins at least twice per term, and the nature f these presentatins has been designed t allw yu t build cnfidence and skill in this area as the curse prgresses. Dissertatin. At the end f yur Research Prject yu will write a dissertatin, and yur perfrmance in the labratry will als be taken int accunt fr yur final prject mark. Nte that yu d nt need t achieve gd results t get a high prject mark. A series f failed experiments can lead t a gd mark if yu can demnstrate an understanding f why an experiment may have failed and hw t deal with this. Plagiarism, cllusin and ther frms f miscnduct It is an ffence fr any student t be guilty f, r party t, attempting t cmmit r cmmitting cllusin, plagiarism, r any ther miscnduct in an examinatin r in the preparatin f wrk which is submitted fr assessment. Miscnduct in assessment exercises, examinatins r in the presentatin f marks achieved elsewhere is cnduct likely t be prejudicial t the integrity and fairness f the examinatin prcess. The submissin f a dissertatin, essay r any ther assessment exercise will be cnsidered by the examiners t be a declaratin that it is the candidate's wn wrk. Please ensure that yu fully understand the University definitins f academic miscnduct befre cmmencing yur studies: Mdule Summaries This list includes mst Masters level (Level 7) mdules likely t be chsen n this degree, but it is nt definitive. Up t 30 credits f final year BSc Mdules (Level 6) can be taken. There may be restrictins due t space r timetabling and sme mdules require prerequisite skills r knwledge, r may be inapprpriate because the material has been studied befre. Questins shuld be addressed t the Curse Organizer, Dr Ruth Staras: r.staras@sussex.ac.uk. TERM 1 - Autumn COMPULSORY MODULES (Level 7) Advanced Techniques in Neurscience. 30 credits. This mdule ffers seminars and practical wrkshps n majr current techniques in neurscience, including advanced micrscpy and imaging, electrphysilgy, and cmputatinal analysis. The fcus n techniques is cmplemented by seminars n the ethics f human and animal studies. Life Sciences Master f Science Research Prpsal. 15 credits. The mdule aims t develp an appreciatin f the research field in which students will be cnducting their research prject, thereby enabling them t design and prpse a detailed prgramme f research. Students will als attend seminars n science cmmunicatin, careers, grant writing and science funding. Students will als have regular tutrials with their prject supervisr during which they will discuss the backgrund f the prject, surces fr literature review and apprpriateness f experimental strategy. Students will prduce a critical review f the literature in a selected area (typically their Research Prject). This shuld identify the main bjectives f the research, and key pen questins, set in a wider cntext f the 6

7 subject. In additin there is a 2000 wrd paper in the frm f a grant prpsal aimed at a nn-specialist panel giving backgrund planned experiments, the wider impact f the research and cnsideratin f the ethical and resurce implicatins. This dcument will be peer reviewed within the class, with a mark based n this evaluatin. OPTIONAL MODULES (Level 7 unless stated therwise) Fundatins f Neurscience. 30 credits. Terms 1,2 (15 credits per term. M.Sc. nly.) This mdule ffers an intrductin t cellular, mlecular and systems neurscience including cellular physilgy, synaptic transmissin, develpmental neurbilgy and neural circuitry. The mdule includes tw substantial undergraduate lecture series (Principles f Neurscience and Neural Circuits) tgether with dedicated seminars and assessments fr Masters students, based n the primary research literature. Fundatins f Neurscience is intended primarily fr students wh have nt studied cellular neurscience tpics at BSc level. Ethics, Philsphy and Methds f Research. 15 credits. This mdule cnsiders the cnceptual fundatins f psychlgical research and is divided int three key elements. 1) Ethics and Research Gvernance, including the ethical issues invlved in animal experiments; 2) Philsphy f Science: including classic philsphy f science, and als the fundatins f statistical inference, cmparing rthdx statistics with Bayesian statistics; 3) Qualitative methds: including philsphical underpinnings, thrugh methd selectin, prject planning, ethical cnsideratins, data cllectin, data analysis, and the prductin, assessment, and presentatin f results, thugh t the scientific, practical, ethical, and theretical benefits f the end prduct(s). Intelligence in Animals and Machines. 15 credits. The mdule develps an understanding f what it means fr an animal r a machine t be intelligent, and hw brain and behaviural systems are adapted t enable an animal t survive within its envirnment. We cnsider diverse aspects f intelligence including navigatin and mtr cntrl, numerical, language, memry and scial skills. We ask hw these are related t ne anther, and hw they are matched t the particular needs f animals and machines. Linear Mdels in Statistics. 15 credits. Lectures and cmputer classes fr pstgraduate students n ANOVA, regressin and related linear mdelling techniques, and training in SPSS, t carry ut the crrespnding analyses. Neurnal Transductin and Transmissin. Level credits. The mdule fllws a lgical prgressin frm sensry transductin, the pint f entry f infrmatin int the brain, t an analysis f neurn-t-neurn cmmunicatin thrugh bth chemical and electrical synapses. Transductin mechanisms in the visual and auditry mdalities are the main fcus, thugh ther sensry mdalities are als discussed. An verview f synaptic physilgy is prvided as an intrductin t a detailed analysis f pre- and pst-synaptic cell and mlecular mechanisms. Nn-synaptic infrmatin prcessing will als be intrduced. Finally the mdule cnsiders whether there are limits t the mlecular reductinism apprach t the prblem f hw the brain wrks. Scial Neurscience. 15 credits. Scial Neurscience is cncerned with hw peple recgnise, understand and interact with each ther in scial settings. It aims t understand these prcesses in terms f fundamental cgnitive and neural mechanisms that reside in the brain that have been shaped by bth individual experience and evlutinary 7

8 histry. Tpics include: the evlutin f scial intelligence and culture; neurscience f emtin; recgnising faces and bdies; empathy and simulatin theries; 'mentalising' and autism; cperatin and altruism; self and identity; prejudice; anti-scial behavir; neurscience f mrality; and the develpment f scial behaviur. Tpics in Cgnitive Neurscience. 15 credits. Intrduces research tpics in cgnitive neurscience, and explains hw neurimaging and nn-invasive brain stimulatin techniques can uncver neural basis f human cgnitin. Students learn varius methds and hw they are applied. Fllwing a discussin f the main methds, lectures cver a series f specific cgnitive functins, such as visin, subliminal perceptin, attentin and memry. Advanced Research Methds in Psychlgy. 15 credits. Runs thrughut the year. In this mdule yu will learn abut varius advanced research methds and statistical techniques in psychlgy, by explring their theretical basis and their practical applicatin. The mdule is typically taught as a set f 2-day wrkshps in which particular methds are cnsidered in detail. Yu are expected t study three methds (i.e. attend three wrkshps) frm the selectin that is ffered. The ptins available t yu are likely t include the fllwing: Discurse Analysis fr Psychlgy; Experiment Generatrs: Use f Eprime; Eye Tracking; Lngitudinal Data Analysis; Measurement f Affective Prcessing Styles; MATLAB; Meta- Analysis; Multilevel Mdelling; Service User Invlvement in Clinical Research; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulatin (TMS); Categrical Data Analysis; Vice Analysis and Re-Synthesis; Latent Variable Analysis with Mplus, Intrductin t R and Randmised Cntrl Trials. TERM 2 - Spring COMPULSORY MODULES (Level 7) Current Tpics in Neurscience. 15 credits. Current Tpics in Neurscience is designed t help yu develp yur ability t extract, discuss and critically evaluate the infrmatin presented in research seminars and publicatins. The mdule has tw parts: ne based n the Sussex Neurscience seminar series, and ne based n a series f jurnal clubs. Yu will attend at least ne seminar per week and take cncise ntes summarising the main questins and findings, alng with critical cmments f yur wn r frm thers, as raised in discussin r further publicatins. Yu will prduce a "News & Views"-style reprt n ne f the seminars. In additin, yu will attend fur student-led jurnal club sessins where yu will cntribute t discussing and presenting imprtant r ntewrthy recent results in Neurscience. Life Sciences Master f Science Prject. (MSc) 60 credits. Terms 2&3 Students have the pprtunity t design and perfrm an riginal piece f research in cnsultatin with a research supervisr. The student will perfrm experiments that will set ut t answer questins psed at the beginning f the experimental wrk. Can be taken in any f the participating labs acrss Sussex Neurscience, subject t placement. OPTIONAL MODULES (Level 7 unless stated therwise) Fundatins f Neurscience. Cntinued frm Term credits in Term 2. Drug Addictin and its Treatment. 15 credits. 8

9 The mdule will be taught by an expert in bth pre-clinical and clinical research. It cvers: 1) Recreatinal drugs thrughut histry; 2) Mechanisms f actin f recreatinal drugs (psychstimulants, piates/piids, alchl, tbacc, cannabis, hallucingens, "club drugs", etc.); 3) Definitin f drug reward, drug abuse, and drug addictin; 4) Neurpsychbilgical underpinnings f drug reward and drug addictin (drug induced neurplasticity; basic neuranatmy f mtivatin, reward, affect, and impulsivity/cmpulsivity); 5) Critical understanding f the majr theries f drug reward and drug addictin; 6) Therapeutic ptins fr the treatment f drug abuse and addictin. Thus, the scpe f the mdule ranges frm basic pharmaclgy t clinical interventin. Functinal Magnetic Resnance Imaging. 15 credits. Develps an understanding f the usefulness and limitatins f fmri, hw t evaluate current research in the field in terms f their methdlgical adequacy and sundness f their interpretatins, and perfrm the main stages f pre-prcessing and statistical analysis f fmri data. Mlecular Pharmaclgy. Level credits Tpics include principles f drug actin in terms f the Law f Mass Actin, cncepts f drug efficacy, (agnism, antagnism and inverse agnism), principles f Drug Discvery, mechanisms f actin f a variety f different drug classes, including clinically-used benzdiazepines and the rle f GABAA receptr structure in mediating their effects. Neurscience f Cnsciusness. 15 credits. Cnsciusness is ne f the last remaining frntiers f scientific explratin, and theries and methds in neurscience are at the frnt line f this endeavur. Tpics cvered include: measuring and studying cnsciusness; states f cnsciusness (including wake, dreaming, hypnsis and vegetative state); visual cnsciusness (including the different rles f visual crtex and frnt-parietal netwrk; blindsight and neglect as disrders f visual awareness); implicit learning and meta-knwledge; psychiatric disturbances f cnsciusness (e.g. hallucinatins, depersnalisatin); interceptive awareness; cnsciusness and crtical plasticity (examples f synaesthesia, phantm limb and sensry substitutin); cmputatinal mdels f cnsciusness; bilgical mdels f cnsciusness; and evlutinary appraches t cnsciusness. Neurnal Plasticity and Gene Regulatin. Level credits Cnsiders hw cellular and mlecular mechanisms interact in the regulatin f neural functins underlying plasticity. Emphasis is placed n mechanisms that mediate the acquisitin, prcessing and strage f infrmatin. The rle f uncnventinal neurtransmitters such as endgenus nitric xide and endcannabinids in neurnal plasticity will be discussed. This will be fllwed by lectures n uncnventinal mlecular mechanisms cntrlling gene expressin in the CNS. Specifically, we will review the latest understanding f hw epigenetic regulatin and nn-cding RNAs cntribute t neural plasticity. Structure and Functin in the Brain. Level credits Studies the anatmical substrates n which the prcessing f sensry infrmatin and the generatin f mtr cmmands depend. Specific attentin is paid t the relatinship between structure and functin. The mdule cvers the develpment f the anatmical features f the nervus system, and gives a cmparative interpretatin f the anatmy f brain regins and their cellular cmpnents using a variety f examples including vertebrate and invertebrate mdels. Sensry Functin and Cmputatin. Level credits Cmparing the rganisatin f sensry mdalities reveals cmmn cnceptual principles underlying hw sensry infrmatin is prcessed and transfrmed, as well as mechanisms characteristic t each mdality, which crrespnd t the distinct ways in which the nervus system extracts signals frm different types f physical energy. This mdule will teach fundamental cncepts in sensry cding: feature detectin, adaptive 9

10 representatins, cding by spike rates and timing, and ppulatin cding. It will incrprate seminars as well as wrkshps where cmputer cde will be intrduced and used t analyse and simulate sensry cding by neurns. YEAR-ROUND Advanced Research Methds in Psychlgy. 15 credits. In this mdule yu will learn abut varius advanced research methds and statistical techniques in psychlgy, by explring their theretical basis and their practical applicatin. The mdule is typically taught as a set f 2-day wrkshps in which particular methds are cnsidered in detail. Yu are expected t study three methds (i.e. attend three wrkshps) frm the selectin that is ffered. The ptins available t yu are likely t include the fllwing: Discurse Analysis fr Psychlgy; Experiment Generatrs: Use f Eprime; Eye Tracking; Lngitudinal Data Analysis; Measurement f Affective Prcessing Styles; MATLAB; Meta- Analysis; Multilevel Mdelling; Service User Invlvement in Clinical Research; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulatin (TMS); Categrical Data Analysis; Vice Analysis and Re-Synthesis; Latent Variable Analysis with Mplus, Intrductin t R and Randmised Cntrl Trials. 10

11 Neurscience MSc/MRes prject prpsals: examples frm previus years The prject titles belw are prvided t illustrate the range f prjects that ur MSc students have undertaken in recent years. Prject areas fr will be advertised t students at the start f the Autumn term Synaptically enriching glutamate reprters t imprve measurements f fast excitatry synaptic activity Individual differences in sensry prcessing and subjective sensry reactivity Investigating retrgrade axnal transprt as an afferent barrage in the vinblastine mdel f neurpathic pain The genetic cntrl f mvement: a study int micrrna inhibitin and prtein expressin Hw individual differences in interceptin influence fear memries, and the ptential fr drug manipulatin using beta blckers Learning and memry in an invertebrate mdel (Lynmaea stagnalis) Reginal and cellular lcalisatin f Ns1 mrna and Mm-antiNs1 RNA transcripts within the muse brain Des APOE4 ver APOE3 expressin cause changes in xygen use and vascular respnses during neurnal stimulatin? Prin-like tau: Nuclear and nuclelar dysfunctin Develpment f c-culture and micrfluidic techniques t evaluate the axnal develpment f mtr neurns The P2X4 receptr as a regulatr f lyssme functin in breast cancer cells Effects f PKA activatin n memry lapses in the mdel rganism Lymnaea stagnalis Understanding the altered integratin f bdy and brain anxiety: a ptential new target fr treatment Heart mdulatin f fear prcessing and fear memries: implicatins fr PTSD Establishing an bjective test f what is meant by mental image in a study f aphantasia The Sigma-1 receptr as a regulatr f stre perated calcium entry thrugh mdulatin f different isfrms f the STIM prtein Hw des encding frm multiple visual perspectives influence memry? Des the APOE4 gentype result in vascular dysfunctin in Alzheimer s disease? Identifying cmpunds f clinical interest in mdulatin f the NMDAR GluN2A subunit. Characterizing ultrastructure-functin prperties f recycling vesicle pls in native hippcampal circuits using FIBSEM data Rle f hippcampus and nucleus accumbens in ccasin setting Regulatin f calcium hmestasis by the sigma1 receptr Hw is visual and mechansensry infrmatin integrated t affect decisin-making? Examining a pssible assciatin between sleep disruptin and cgnitive impairment in lder adults The effects f citalpram n interceptin and metacgnitin Pssible trafficking defect in the GluA1 Lurcher mutatin assciated with intellectual disability Researching the effects f envirnmental enrichment n behaviural and neurnal reactivity t reward-assciated cues Investigatin f the effectiveness f cgnitive training interventins in middle-aged adults D variatins in cytplasmic dynein heavy chain 1 (DYNC1H1) cnfer susceptibility t ALS? 11