MCN I: Basic Neuroscience: Anatomy, development, plasticity
|
|
- Melvyn Spencer
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lectures MCN I: Basic Neuroscience: Anatomy, development, plasticity 1-5 Prof. Ernst Tamm, UR Anatomy Neuroanatomy The studies of neuroanatomy provide the basic knowledge for understanding the different fields of neuroscience. This lecture will start with reviewing the developmental formation of the central nervous system and possible failures of that. Beside the development of the brain and the spinal cord, the students will learn about the formation of the neural crest and its derivatives. Next, the functional macroscopic organization of the central nervous system will be discussed in detail. Consequently, the students will gain first understanding of the principles of learning, the signal conduction of our sensory organs, the organization of the motoric system and the limbic system. 6-8 Prof. Stephan Schneuwly, UR Zoology Development These three lectures will focus on the development of the nervous system. We will start by discussing neural induction, the actual beginning of the developing nervous system and then move on to the patterning process which explains how a nervous system is divided into different substructures, how neuronal cells are determined and differentiate and finally how proper connections of neurons are formed using mechanisms of axonal guidance/pathfinding. The lectures will also introduce different model systems like Drosophila, chicken and mouse and how they are used to answer important questions of how such a complex structure like a brain is formed. 9 PD Dr. Beate Winner, FAU Erlangen Neuronal Stem Cells There are different model systems to investigate neural stem cells. Much of the current knowledge is derived from rodent models. Specifically, the phenomenon of adult neurogenesis (the presence of neural stem cells in the adult brain) has led to intensive studies about neural stem cells and their progeny, and the different steps of neural development, including proliferation, migration, differentiation and integration of new neurons. In addition, human models for neural stem cells, derived from human embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells will be introduced and discussed in the context of disease modeling for neurodegenerative diseases Prof. Björn Brembs, UR Zoology Insect Neuroanatomy; Learning and Plasticity across Nervous Systems The focus will be on the fruit fly Drosophila and to a lesser extent on other invertebrates such as the marine snail Aplysia or the medicinal leech. We will cover the major neuropil areas in the insect nervous system and some basic sensory processing in the visual and the olfactory modality. Central to these lectures are various behavioural experiments for simple forms of conditioning and learning, such as operant and classical conditioning. Different forms of neuronal and synaptic plasticity underlying these forms of learning will be explored at the cellular, molecular and physiological level in different nervous systems. 13 Prof. Mark Greenlee, UR Psychology Cortical Plasticity This lecture will focus on the neural basis of modification of neural circuits as a result of experience. What makes each individual unique is a combination of genetic and environmental influences on the developing nervous system. Synaptic connectivity between neurons is dynamic and mechanisms can alter synaptic efficacy within
2 milliseconds, seconds and minutes and these effects can last a lifetime. Long-term potentiation and long-term depression are important forms on cortical plasticity and provide us with a neural basis for learning and memory. The precise timing of pre- and postsynaptic activity determines the polarity of synaptic modification, a process known as spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP). We will take the mammalian visual system as a model of experience-induced changes in the visual cortex depending on early patterns of input from each eye. Suggested reading: Purves, D. et al. (2012) Neuroscience, 5 th Ed. Chapters 8 (Synaptic plasticity) and 24 (Modifications of neural circuits as a results of experience). MCN II: Basic Neuroscience: Neuronal cell biology and signalling 1 Prof. Veronica Egger, UR Zoology History of neuroscience and building blocks of the nervous system This lecture will describe the origins of neuroscience, beginning with ancient Egypt and Greece, via the Renaissance and the phrenologists to the beginnings of psychiatric and cellular neuroscience. Here, we will closer investigate the problem of how to classify neuronal subtypes and describe the basic types of glia cells. 2,3 Prof. Stephan Schneuwly, UR Zoology Signalling I: Receptors/Molecules These lectures will introduce the concept of how cells communicate to each other and how signals are transmitted across cell membranes. We will start discussing general concepts and mechanisms of cell signaling and then focus, step by step, different ways of cell signaling, including G-Protein coupled receptor signaling and different pathways of hormonal and morphogen induced signaling. The lectures should enable you to recognize any type if signaling pathway involved in the development or physiology of the nervous system, which will be introduced in later topics in Molecular and Systemic Neurosciences. 4 Prof. Christian Wetzel, UR Psychiatry Electrical Signals in Neurons I This lecture will give insight into the basic mechanisms of electrical signalling in excitable cells: Nernst equation, resting membrane potential, action potential, electrotonic spread, and active propagation. Principles of electrophysiological recording will be presented (voltage-clamp, patch-clamp). 5 Prof. Christian Wetzel, UR Psychiatry Ion channels, GPCR signalling This lecture will provide an overview of the molecular biology and function of ion channels, and G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), neurotransmitters and their receptors, signaling pathways, and synaptic transmission. 6 Prof. Peter Flor, UR Zoology Neuropharmacology This lecture will start with basic concepts and techniques in the field of neuropharmacology. Next, it will be explained how new psychoactive drugs can be discovered in industry and academia. The lecture will discuss the main neurotransmitter systems where CNS-drugs exert their activities (mainly GABA-, L-glutamate- and monoamine transmitter-systems). The mechanism and activity of important and clinically useful psychiatric and neurological drugs will be explained.
3 7 Prof. Christian Wetzel, UR Psychiatry Methods: How to study functional activity of neurons and signalling pathways? This lecture will cover methods and technical aspects of how to study physiological function of ion channel and receptor proteins, as well as signaling pathways will be presented (electrophysiology, imaging of ion concentrations, membrane potential, metabolic activity, FRET). 8, 9 Prof. Veronica Egger, UR Zoology Electrical Signals in Neurons II These lectures will review the basics of electrical nervous activity in physical terms, including a derivation of the Nernst potential and its contribution to the resting membrane potential and postsynaptic potentials, and the Hodgkin-Huxley model of action potential generation. We will also describe spread and integration of electrical signals in axons and dendrites, with special emphasis on dendritic spines, and apply these principles to the generation of network phenomena and the integration of coincident synaptic signals. Finally, the importance of such mechanisms for the induction of neuronal plasticity will be highlighted, using various examples. 10, 11 Dr. Barbara Di Benedetto, UR Psychiatry Neuron-Glia-Interaction The lectures will focus on: developmental origin of glia cells classification and properties of different types of glia cells roles of glia cells in the nervous system: central and peripheral functional properties of glia cells relevant for their interactions with neurons relevance of glia cells for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders pharmacology of neuron-glia interactions methodological approaches to study neuronglia interactions in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo 12, 13 Prof. Eugen Kerkhoff, UR Neurology Transport, Cytoskeleton The interconnected neurons of the nervous system are among the structurally most sophisticated cells of the animal kingdom. To estabilish the morphology and polarity of a neuron, cytoskeletal proteins and their regulators, as well as the cellular transport machinery play an essential role. The first lecture will focus on the dynamic actin cytoskeleton in general and will introduce specific functions of the actin cytoskeleton in neurons. The second lecture will focus on the vesicle transport machinery including the myosin and kinesin motor protein families and their functions in neuronal signalling.
4 SYS I: Sensory and Motor Systems 1 Prof. Björn Brembs, UR Zoology Organization of Behaviour Neuroscience is currently undergoing a major conceptual transition. The traditional, passive concept of the brain transforming sensory inputs into motor outputs is rapidly losing traction, in favor of a more active role of the brain with external stimuli playing merely a modulatory effect. Accumulating evidence points towards a general organization of brain function that incorporates flexible decision-making on the basis of complex computations negotiating internal and external processing. The adaptive value of such an organization consists of being unpredictable for competitors, prey or predators, as well as being able to explore the hidden resource deterministic automats would never find. At the same time, this organization allows all animals to respond efficiently with tried-and-tested behaviours to predictable and reliable stimuli. 2 Prof. Veronica Egger, UR Zoology Basic Principles of Sensory Neuroscience Many principles of coding apply across several sensory modalities. The lecture will cover: the qualia problem transduction, transformation sensor types receptive fields and sensory mapping basic psychophysics. 3, 4 Prof. Antje Grosche, UKR Human Genetics Vision More than 2000 years ago Aristoteles already placed the visual sense above all other senses arguing that this is the sense the gives us most direct information about our environment. The lectures will provide insight into the fascinating mechanisms in the vertebrate visual system that enable transduction of light information into electrochemical response patterns in the brain including: the anatomy of the retina in different species including adaptations to functional needs the process of phototransduction and first signal integration within the retina information processing in the visual cortex discuss why the eye is a good research object to study mechanisms of neurodegeneration and develop innovative therapeutic strategies. 5, 6 Prof. Otto Gleich, UKR Otolaryngology Audition These lectures will cover: Outer ear: function Middle ear: evolution and function Inner ear: mammalian cochlea, travelling wave and tonotopy, cochlear anatomy, mechanoelectrical transduction, cochlear amplifier, outer hair cell function, otoacoustic emissions ion homeostasis, endocochlear potential, afferent innervation, auditory nerve activity, evoked cochlear potentials Ascending auditory pathway Acoustic feature analysis, parallel pathways, binaural sound localization Clinical: The audiogram, thresholds for pure tones, conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, damage and loss of hair cells, loss of spiral ganglion cells, auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders, temporary threshold shift, loss of endocochlear potential, hearing aid and cochlear implant Animal psychoacoustics 7 Prof. Angelika Lampert, RWTH Aachen Pain Pain is a complex experience that can be caused by multiple stimuli. One of these causes is peripheral nociception due to stimulation of specialized receptors (free nerve endings). The lecture will cover: nerve fibers involved in nociception receptor channels on nociceptors sodium channels and inherited pain syndromes peripheral and central sensitization central pain pathways, central pain descending pain inhibiting pathways selected clinical pain phenomena and their (patho-)physiological correlates
5 8 Prof. Christian Wetzel, UR Psychiatry Olfaction, Taste: Transduction The lecture will cover olfactory coding, in particular within the nose(s) and tongue: olfactory receptors signal transduction Grüneberg ganglion vomeronasal system trigeminal innervation of the nose TRP channels taste receptors and transduction 9 Prof. Veronica Egger, UR Zoology Olfaction, Taste: Processing The lecture will cover olfactory coding, mostly beyond the nose: anatomy and physiology of the vertebrate olfactory bulb olfactory mapping higher olfactory processing social odor sensing insect olfaction higher gustatory processing clinical aspects 10,11 Prof. Mark Greenlee, UR Psychology Motor: Cortex, Basal Ganglia These two lectures will focus on the neural circuits that produce the spatial and temporal patterns of activation that control muscle contraction and relaxation. Lower motor units in the spinal cord form spatial synapses with muscle fibers. Sensory signals arising in muscle spindles provide feedback regarding the contractile state of the muscle fiber being activated. Axons of upper motor neurons project into the brainstem and cord to influence the activity of these local circuits. Different centers in the brainstem control locomotion, body posture and position, eye position and eye movements, as well as voluntary skilled actions. The basal ganglia are deep brain centers that influence activity in the upper motor neurons. We will discuss how activity in the basal ganglia influences motor behavior in healthy persons and in patients of basal ganglia pathologies. Suggested reading: Purves, D. et al. (2012) Neuroscience, 5 th Ed. Chapters 16 (Lower motor neuron circuits and motor control), 17 (Upper motor neuron control of the brainstem and spinal cord) and 18 (Modulation of movement by the basal ganglia). 12 PD Dieter Kutz, LMU München Motor: Cerebellum The lecture will cover: anatomy and physiology of the cerebellum planning and co-ordination of movements adaptive learning of movements associative learning of movements LTD and motor learning clinical aspects 13 Dr. Vanessa Rupprecht, UR Zoology Thalamus The thalamus is not simply a relay of sensory information. It is strongly reciprocally connected with the cerebral cortex and actively regulates information transfer to and from cortical areas by various mechanisms. The lecture will focus on the organization of the thalamus (in humans and rodents) and the sensory modalities represented in that system. We will take a closer look at the steps of sensory information transfer (from perception of stimuli to processing to higher cortical regions) and we want to explore how thalamic neurons provide a state-dependent gating of sensory information patterns during sleep and wakefulness. In addition, we will briefly talk about multisensory processing and the consequences of thalamic deficits.
Shift 1, 8 July 2018, 09:30-13:00
Shift 1, 8 July 2018, 09:30-13:00 CNS patterning A001-A014 Stem cells: basic biology and postnatal neurogenesis - part I Development of neural systems: Molecular and genetic characterisationa Epigenetic
More informationModule H NERVOUS SYSTEM
Module H NERVOUS SYSTEM Topic from General functions of the nervous system Organization of the nervous system from both anatomical & functional perspectives Gross & microscopic anatomy of nervous tissue
More informationCellular Bioelectricity
ELEC ENG 3BB3: Cellular Bioelectricity Notes for Lecture 24 Thursday, March 6, 2014 8. NEURAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY We will look at: Structure of the nervous system Sensory transducers and neurons Neural coding
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline
Chapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline Module 11.1 Overview of the Nervous System (Figures 11.1-11.3) A. The nervous system controls our perception and experience
More informationNeural Basis of Motor Control
Neural Basis of Motor Control Central Nervous System Skeletal muscles are controlled by the CNS which consists of the brain and spinal cord. Determines which muscles will contract When How fast To what
More informationPsychophysical laws. Legge di Fechner: I=K*log(S/S 0 )
Psychophysical laws Legge di Weber: ΔS=K*S Legge di Fechner: I=K*log(S/S 0 ) Sensory receptors Vision Smell Taste Touch Thermal senses Pain Hearing Balance Proprioception Sensory receptors Table 21-1 Classification
More informationLesson 14. The Nervous System. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1
Lesson 14 The Nervous System Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Structures and Functions of Nerve Cells The nervous system has two principal cell types: Neurons (nerve cells) Glia The functions
More informationCHAPTER 48: NERVOUS SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 48: NERVOUS SYSTEMS Name I. AN OVERVIEW OF NERVOUS SYSTEMS A. Nervous systems perform the three overlapping functions of sensory input, integration, and motor output B. Networks of neurons with
More informationTHE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTE M
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTE M Structure and Functio n THIRD EDITIO N PER BRODAL A Brief Survey, x i Studying the Structures and Function of the Nervous System, xii i Animal Experiments Crucial for Progress,
More informationIntroduction to Neurobiology
Biology 240 General Zoology Introduction to Neurobiology Nervous System functions: communication of information via nerve signals integration and processing of information control of physiological and
More informationPage 1. Neurons Transmit Signal via Action Potentials: neuron At rest, neurons maintain an electrical difference across
Chapter 33: The Nervous System and the Senses Neurons: Specialized excitable cells that allow for communication throughout the body via electrical impulses Neuron Anatomy / Function: 1) Dendrites: Receive
More informationReceptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me. Agenda. What We Know About Pain 9/7/2012
Receptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me Cathy Carlson, PhD, RN Northern Illinois University Agenda We will be going through this lecture on basic pain physiology using analogies, mnemonics,
More informationNeural Basis of Motor Control. Chapter 4
Neural Basis of Motor Control Chapter 4 Neurological Perspective A basic understanding of the physiology underlying the control of voluntary movement establishes a more comprehensive appreciation and awareness
More informationCourse Calendar
Clinical Neuroscience BMS 6706C Charles, Ph.D., Course Director charles.ouimet@med.fsu.edu (850) 644-2271 2004 2005 Course Calendar Click here to return to the syllabus Meeting Hours for entire semester:
More informationSensory Systems Vision, Audition, Somatosensation, Gustation, & Olfaction
Sensory Systems Vision, Audition, Somatosensation, Gustation, & Olfaction Sarah L. Chollar University of California, Riverside sarah.chollar@gmail.com Sensory Systems How the brain allows us to see, hear,
More informationApplied Neuroscience. Conclusion of Science Honors Program Spring 2017
Applied Neuroscience Conclusion of Science Honors Program Spring 2017 Review Circle whichever is greater, A or B. If A = B, circle both: I. A. permeability of a neuronal membrane to Na + during the rise
More informationMotor systems.... the only thing mankind can do is to move things... whether whispering or felling a forest. C. Sherrington
Motor systems... the only thing mankind can do is to move things... whether whispering or felling a forest. C. Sherrington 1 Descending pathways: CS corticospinal; TS tectospinal; RS reticulospinal; VS
More informationImplantable Microelectronic Devices
ECE 8803/4803 Implantable Microelectronic Devices Fall - 2015 Maysam Ghovanloo (mgh@gatech.edu) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 2015 Maysam Ghovanloo 1 Outline
More informationBio11 schedule. Chapter 13 and 14. The Nervous System. The Nervous System. Organization of Nervous Systems. Nerves. Nervous and Sensory Systems
Bio11 schedule Lecture Nervous system and senses Lab Current events reports (10 pts) Urinalysis Lecture exam 2 Thursday Feb 24 Same format as before Study guide will be posted Your total points so far
More informationCSE 599E Lecture 2: Basic Neuroscience
CSE 599E Lecture 2: Basic Neuroscience 1 Today s Roadmap The neuron doctrine (or dogma) Neuronal signaling The electrochemical dance of ions Action Potentials (= spikes) Synapses and Synaptic Plasticity
More informationIntroduction to the Nervous System
Introduction to the Nervous System Sharba Bandyopadhyay Department of E&ECE sharba@ece.iitkgp.ernet.in Why study the brain? Basic Science understanding how the brain works from molecules to mind Being
More informationNeurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
More informationbiological psychology, p. 40 The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. neuroscience, p. 40
biological psychology, p. 40 The specialized branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and system; also called biopsychology or psychobiology. neuroscience,
More informationTABLE OF CONTINENTS. PSYC1002 Notes. Neuroscience.2. Cognitive Processes Learning and Motivation. 37. Perception Mental Abilities..
TABLE OF CONTINENTS Neuroscience.2 Cognitive Processes...21 Learning and Motivation. 37 Perception.....54 Mental Abilities.. 83 Abnormal Psychology....103 1 Topic 1: Neuroscience Outline 1. Gross anatomy
More informationBasic Neuroscience. Sally Curtis
The Physiology of Pain Basic Neuroscience Sally Curtis sac3@soton.ac.uk The behaviour of humans is a result of the actions of nerves. Nerves form the basis of Thoughts, sensations and actions both reflex
More informationACTIVITY2.15 Text:Campbell,v.8,chapter48 DATE HOUR NERVOUS SYSTEMS NEURON
AP BIOLOGY ACTIVITY2.15 Text:Campbell,v.8,chapter48 NAME DATE HOUR NERVOUS SYSTEMS NEURON SIMPLE REFLEX RESTING POTENTIAL ACTION POTENTIAL ACTION POTENTIAL GRAPH TRANSMISSION ACROSS A SYNAPSE QUESTIONS:
More informationCourse Calendar - Neuroscience
2006-2007 Course Calendar - Neuroscience Meeting Hours for entire semester: Monday - Friday 1:00-2:20 p.m. Room 1200, COM August 28 August 29 August 30 August 31 September 1 Course introduction, Neurocytology:
More informationLecture 22: A little Neurobiology
BIO 5099: Molecular Biology for Computer Scientists (et al) Lecture 22: A little Neurobiology http://compbio.uchsc.edu/hunter/bio5099 Larry.Hunter@uchsc.edu Nervous system development Part of the ectoderm
More informationBiology. A Guide to the Natural World. Chapter 27 Lecture Outline Communication and Control 1: The Nervous System. Fifth Edition.
Biology A Guide to the Natural World Chapter 27 Lecture Outline Communication and Control 1: The Nervous System Fifth Edition David Krogh The Nervous System Nervous tissue is composed of two kinds of cells:
More informationCONTENTS NEURAL SIGNALING 23. CHAPTER 1 Studying the Nervous System 1. CHAPTER 3 Voltage-Dependent Membrane Permeability 41
CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Studying the Nervous System 1 Overview 1 Genetics, Genomics, and the Brain 1 BOX MODEL ORGANISMS NEUROSCIENCE 2 The Cellular Components of the Nervous System 4 Neurons 6 Glial Cells
More informationThe neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible:
NERVOUS SYSTEM The neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible: the neuron and the supporting cells ("glial cells"). Neuron Neurons
More informationPrimary Functions. Monitor changes. Integrate input. Initiate a response. External / internal. Process, interpret, make decisions, store information
NERVOUS SYSTEM Monitor changes External / internal Integrate input Primary Functions Process, interpret, make decisions, store information Initiate a response E.g., movement, hormone release, stimulate/inhibit
More informationAuditory System Feedback
Feedback Auditory System Feedback Using all or a portion of the information from the output of a system to regulate or control the processes or inputs in order to modify the output. Central control of
More informationNeuromorphic computing
Neuromorphic computing Robotics M.Sc. programme in Computer Science lorenzo.vannucci@santannapisa.it April 19th, 2018 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Fundamentals of neuroscience 3. Simulating the brain 4.
More informationAxon Nerve impulse. Axoplasm Receptor. Axomembrane Stimuli. Schwann cell Effector. Myelin Cell body
Nervous System Review 1. Explain a reflex arc. 2. Know the structure, function and location of a sensory neuron, interneuron, and motor neuron 3. What is (a) Neuron Axon Nerve impulse Axoplasm Receptor
More informationFunction of the Nervous System
Nervous System Function of the Nervous System Receive sensory information, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands to form a response Composed of neurons (functional unit of the nervous system)
More informationBio11: The Nervous System. Body control systems. The human brain. The human brain. The Cerebrum. What parts of your brain are you using right now?
Bio11: The Nervous System Body control systems Nervous system Quick Sends message directly to target organ Endocrine system Sends a hormone as a messenger to the target organ Can target several organs
More informationAll questions below pertain to mandatory material: all slides, and mandatory homework (if any).
ECOL 182 Spring 2008 Dr. Ferriere s lectures Lecture 6: Nervous system and brain Quiz Book reference: LIFE-The Science of Biology, 8 th Edition. http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire8e/ All questions below
More informationThe Nervous System. B. The Components: 1) Nerve Cells Neurons are the cells of the body and are specialized to carry messages through an process.
The Nervous System A. The Divisions: 1) The Central Nervous System includes the and. The brain contains billions of nerve cells called, and trillions of support cells called. 2) The Peripheral Nervous
More informationNeural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
15 Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and
More informationNeural Communication. Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System. Communication in the Nervous System. 4 Common Components of a Neuron
Neural Communication Overview of CNS / PNS Electrical Signaling Chemical Signaling Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Somatic = sensory & motor Autonomic = arousal state Parasympathetic =
More information6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis
6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis IB Biology SL Part 1 - Nerves Outcomes Part 1 6.5.1State that the nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nerves, and is composed
More informationSynapses. Excitatory synapses
Synapses Sensory cells located at the periphery of the body, initiate and conduct signals to the brain and provide various sensory inputs such as vision, hearing, posture, and so on. Providing information
More informationPain. Pain. Pain: One definition. Pain: One definition. Pain: One definition. Pain: One definition. Psyc 2906: Sensation--Introduction 9/27/2006
Pain Pain Pain: One Definition Classic Paths A new Theory Pain and Drugs According to the international Association for the Study (Merskey & Bogduk, 1994), Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience
More informationCephalization. Nervous Systems Chapter 49 11/10/2013. Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells
Nervous Systems Chapter 49 Cephalization Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells Nervous system organization usually correlates with lifestyle Organization of the vertebrate
More informationVisualizing Psychology
Visualizing Psychology by Siri Carpenter & Karen Huffman PowerPoint Lecture Notes Presentation Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Biological Foundations Siri Carpenter, Yale University Karen Huffman, Palomar
More informationNervous System. Chapter Structure of the Nervous System. Neurons
33.1 Structure of the Neurons Neurons are specialized nerve cells that help you gather information about your environment, interpret the information, and react to it. Neurons consist of three main regions:
More informationChapter 17. Nervous System Nervous systems receive sensory input, interpret it, and send out appropriate commands. !
Chapter 17 Sensory receptor Sensory input Integration Nervous System Motor output Brain and spinal cord Effector cells Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Central nervous system (CNS) 28.1 Nervous systems
More informationElectrophysiology. General Neurophysiology. Action Potentials
5 Electrophysiology Cochlear implants should aim to reproduce the coding of sound in the auditory system as closely as possible, for best sound perception. The cochlear implant is in part the result of
More informationPart 11: Mechanisms of Learning
Neurophysiology and Information: Theory of Brain Function Christopher Fiorillo BiS 527, Spring 2012 042 350 4326, fiorillo@kaist.ac.kr Part 11: Mechanisms of Learning Reading: Bear, Connors, and Paradiso,
More informationANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS. AP Biology Chapter 48
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS AP Biology Chapter 48 Objectives Describe the different types of neurons Describe the structure and function of dendrites, axons, a synapse, types of ion channels, and
More informationChapter 12 Nervous Tissue
9/12/11 Chapter 12 Nervous Tissue Overview of the nervous system Cells of the nervous system Electrophysiology of neurons Synapses Neural integration Subdivisions of the Nervous System 1 Subdivisions of
More informationChapter 17 Nervous System
Chapter 17 Nervous System 1 The Nervous System Two Anatomical Divisions Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain and Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Two Types of Cells Neurons Transmit nerve impulses
More informationPlasticity of Cerebral Cortex in Development
Plasticity of Cerebral Cortex in Development Jessica R. Newton and Mriganka Sur Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences Picower Center for Learning & Memory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge,
More informationSTRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAIN The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, receives input from sensory neurons and directs
More informationNeuroscience with Pharmacology 2 Functions and Mechanisms of Reflexes. Prof Richard Ribchester
Neuroscience with Pharmacology 2 Functions and Mechanisms of Reflexes Prof Richard Ribchester René Descartes Cogito, ergo sum The 21st century still holds many challenges to Neuroscience and Pharmacology
More informationSENSATION AND PERCEPTION
SENSATION AND PERCEPTION CHAPTER 5 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe transduction, sensation, and perception for the following sensory systems: Vision Audition (hearing) Skin and body Touch Pain Chemical
More informationPhysiology Unit 2 SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY
Physiology Unit 2 SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY In Physiology Today Sensory System Sensory information Conscious sensations Unconscious sensations Sensory processing Transferring stimulus energy into a graded potential
More informationSystems Neuroscience Oct. 16, Auditory system. http:
Systems Neuroscience Oct. 16, 2018 Auditory system http: www.ini.unizh.ch/~kiper/system_neurosci.html The physics of sound Measuring sound intensity We are sensitive to an enormous range of intensities,
More informationNervous System and Senses Objectives
LEARNING TARGETS The nervous system maintains body homeostasis through sensation, interpretation, response and activity. Nerve cells send electrical signals for communication. Reflexes help protect our
More informationIntroduction to Computational Neuroscience
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 7: Network models Lesson Title 1 Introduction 2 Structure and Function of the NS 3 Windows to the Brain 4 Data analysis 5 Data analysis II 6 Single neuron
More informationNeurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 8 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Eighth Edition Overview: Lines of Communication The cone snail kills prey with venom that disables neurons Neurons are nerve
More informationNervous System C H A P T E R 2
Nervous System C H A P T E R 2 Input Output Neuron 3 Nerve cell Allows information to travel throughout the body to various destinations Receptive Segment Cell Body Dendrites: receive message Myelin sheath
More informationBioscience in the 21st century
Bioscience in the 21st century Lecture 2: Innovations and Challenges Dr. Michael Burger Outline: Review of last lecture Organization of the nervous system (in brief) The mapping concept Bionic implants
More informationMOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE BMP-218 November 4, 2014 DIVISIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system is composed of two primary divisions: 1. CNS - Central Nervous System (Brain + Spinal Cord)
More informationCochlear anatomy, function and pathology II. Professor Dave Furness Keele University
Cochlear anatomy, function and pathology II Professor Dave Furness Keele University d.n.furness@keele.ac.uk Aims and objectives of this lecture Focus (2) on the biophysics of the cochlea, the dual roles
More informationIntroduction. Visual Perception Aditi Majumder, UCI. Perception is taken for granted!
Introduction Visual Perception Perception is taken for granted! Slide 2 1 Perception is very complex Perceive Locate Identify/Recognize Different objects Their relationship with each other Qualitative
More informationSYS II: Systemic Neuroscience: Emotion and other higher functions. 1-2,4 Prof. Inga Neumann, UR Zoology Neuroendocrinology of emotions
Lectures SYS II: Systemic Neuroscience: Emotion and other higher functions 1-2,4 Prof. Inga Neumann, UR Zoology Neuroendocrinology of emotions The lectures will start with a repetition of main neuroendocrine
More informationEE 791 Lecture 2 Jan 19, 2015
EE 791 Lecture 2 Jan 19, 2015 Action Potential Conduction And Neural Organization EE 791-Lecture 2 1 Core-conductor model: In the core-conductor model we approximate an axon or a segment of a dendrite
More informationIntroduction to sensory pathways. Gatsby / SWC induction week 25 September 2017
Introduction to sensory pathways Gatsby / SWC induction week 25 September 2017 Studying sensory systems: inputs and needs Stimulus Modality Robots Sensors Biological Sensors Outputs Light Vision Photodiodes
More informationSensory Pathways & Somatic Nervous System. Chapter 15
Sensory Pathways & Somatic Nervous System Chapter 15 How Does Brain Differentiate Sensations? Pain impulses make brain aware of injuries and infections. Impulses from eye, ear, nose and tongue make brain
More informationKINE 4500 Neural Control of Movement. Lecture #1:Introduction to the Neural Control of Movement. Neural control of movement
KINE 4500 Neural Control of Movement Lecture #1:Introduction to the Neural Control of Movement Neural control of movement Kinesiology: study of movement Here we re looking at the control system, and what
More informationBiology 105 Midterm Exam 3 Review Sheet
Biology 105 Midterm Exam 3 Review Sheet The third midterm exam will cover the following lecture material (lectures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13): Skeletal System (from chapter 5 in the textbook), Nervous System
More informationSomatosensory System. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Somatosensory System Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Dr. Riedl s review session this week: Tuesday (Oct 10) 4-5pm in MCB 3-146B 2 Sensory Systems Sensory
More informationIntroduction to Physiological Psychology
Introduction to Physiological Psychology Review Kim Sweeney ksweeney@cogsci.ucsd.edu www.cogsci.ucsd.edu/~ksweeney/psy260.html Today n Discuss Final Paper Proposal (due 3/10) n General Review 1 The article
More informationBrain and behaviour (Wk 6 + 7)
Brain and behaviour (Wk 6 + 7) What is a neuron? What is the cell body? What is the axon? The basic building block of the nervous system, the individual nerve cell that receives, processes and transmits
More informationCOGNITIVE SCIENCE 107A. Sensory Physiology and the Thalamus. Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D.
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 107A Sensory Physiology and the Thalamus Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D. Sensory Physiology Energies (light, sound, sensation, smell, taste) Pre neural apparatus (collects, filters, amplifies)
More information2. When a neuron receives signals, an abrupt, temporary the inside becomes more positive in the polarity is generated (an action potential).
Chapter 34 Integration and Control: Nervous Systems I. Neurons The Communication Specialists A. Functional Zones of a Neuron 1. The contains the nucleus and metabolic machinery for protein synthesis. 2.
More informationWelcome to CSE/NEUBEH 528: Computational Neuroscience
Welcome to CSE/NEUBEH 528: Computational Neuroscience Instructors: Rajesh Rao (rao@cs.uw) Adrienne Fairhall (fairhall@uw) TA: Rich Pang (rpang@uw) 1 Today s Agenda F Course Info and Logistics F Motivation
More informationChapter 12 Nervous System Written Assignment KEY
Chapter 12 Nervous System Written Assignment KEY 1. Describe, in correct order, the events that occur during the transmission of a nerve impulse (action potential) as it travels from point X to point Y.
More informationJanuary 22 nd to 26 th, 2008
Advanced theoretical and practical training course on Hearing in Mammals January 22 nd to 26 th, 2008 F ro m M o l e c u l e s t o A u d i t o r y P h y s i o l o g y ORGANIZERS Tobias Moser FACULTY Frank,
More informationQUIZ YOURSELF COLOSSAL NEURON ACTIVITY
QUIZ YOURSELF What are the factors that produce the resting potential? How is an action potential initiated and what is the subsequent flow of ions during the action potential? 1 COLOSSAL NEURON ACTIVITY
More informationBody control systems. Nervous system. Organization of Nervous Systems. The Nervous System. Two types of cells. Organization of Nervous System
Body control systems Nervous system Nervous system Quick Sends message directly to target organ Endocrine system Sends a hormone as a messenger to the target organ Slower acting Longer lasting response
More informationNeurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Overview: Lines of Communication Chapter 8 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Fig. 8- The cone snail kills prey with venom that disables neurons Neurons are nerve s that transfer information within the body
More informationChapter 2--Introduction to the Physiology of Perception
Chapter 2--Introduction to the Physiology of Perception Student: 1. Our perception of the environment depends on A. the properties of the objects in the environment. B. the properties of the electrical
More informationThursday, January 22, Nerve impulse
Nerve impulse Transmembrane Potential caused by ions moving through cell membrane at different rates Two main ions of concern Na + - Sodium K + - potassium Cell membrane not freely permeable therefore
More informationChapter 37: Neurons and Nervous Systems
Chapter 37: Neurons and Nervous Systems AP Curriculum Alignment Chapter 37 presents a comparative and evolutionary analysis of the gradual increase in complexity of the nervous system. This information
More informationCISC 3250 Systems Neuroscience
CISC 3250 Systems Neuroscience Levels of organization Central Nervous System 1m 10 11 neurons Neural systems and neuroanatomy Systems 10cm Networks 1mm Neurons 100μm 10 8 neurons Professor Daniel Leeds
More informationNervous System. 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands. 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data
Nervous System 1. Relays messages, processes info, analyzes data 2. Receives information from the environment from CNS to organs and glands 3. Transmits impulses from CNS to muscles and glands 4. Transmits
More information-Detect heat or cold and help maintain body temperature
Sensory Receptors -Transduce stimulus energy and transmit signals to the central nervous system -Reception occurs when a receptor detectd a stimulus -Perception occurs in the brain as this information
More informationJ Jeffress model, 3, 66ff
Index A Absolute pitch, 102 Afferent projections, inferior colliculus, 131 132 Amplitude modulation, coincidence detector, 152ff inferior colliculus, 152ff inhibition models, 156ff models, 152ff Anatomy,
More informationBody control systems. Let s start at the top: the human brain. The Cerebrum. The human brain. What parts of your brain are you using right now?
What parts of your brain are you using right now? Body control systems Quick Sends message directly to target organ Endocrine system Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Movement and conscious thought; Frontal speech
More informationNervous system part 1. Danil Hammoudi.MD
Nervous system part 1 Danil Hammoudi.MD The central nervous system (CNS) is formed by : the brain spinal cord. These elements are enclosed within the skull and spinal vertebral canal. They are covered
More informationWarm-Up. Label the parts of the neuron below.
Warm-Up Label the parts of the neuron below. A B C D E F G Warm-Up 1. One neuron transmits a nerve impulse at 40 m/s. Another conducts at the rate of 1 m/s. Which neuron has a myelinated axon? 2. List
More informationChapter 9. Nervous System
Chapter 9 Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS) vs. Peripheral Nervous System(PNS) CNS Brain Spinal cord PNS Peripheral nerves connecting CNS to the body Cranial nerves Spinal nerves Neurons transmit
More informationNervous System. Master controlling and communicating system of the body. Secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters
Nervous System Master controlling and communicating system of the body Interacts with the endocrine system to control and coordinate the body s responses to changes in its environment, as well as growth,
More informationThe Nervous System. Anatomy of a Neuron
The Nervous System Chapter 38.1-38.5 Anatomy of a Neuron I. Dendrites II. Cell Body III. Axon Synaptic terminal 1 Neuron Connections dendrites cell body terminal cell body cell body terminals dendrites
More informationHole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition. Chapter 10
PowerPoint Lecture Outlines to accompany Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition Shier Butler Lewis Chapter 10 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or
More informationCopyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Outline Nervous System Sensory Systems I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Biol 105 Lecture 11 Chapter 9 Senses Sensory receptors Touch Vision Hearing and balance Smell Senses Sensory receptor cells Sensory receptors
More information