correct by: Weam Najadat

Transcription

1 Lecture #7( ) Lecture name: connective tissue Edited by: Buthainah Al masaeed correct by: Weam Najadat

2 Connective tissue One of the four basic types of tissues (epithelium, connective tissue, muscle, and nervous tissue). Mesenchyme as their origin (mesenchyme derived from mesoderm). Note: 1-main function of connective tissue is supporting. 2-the superficies layer is the epithelium the next one is the connective tissue (mesoderm),so it is the middle layer of any tissue. Composition: cells (fibroblasts and others), االهم النها تنتج باقي الكونات ثم تتحول الى. fibrocytesوهي fibers ground substance,we can t see it. Characteristics of connective tissue: More matrix than cells, we study in epithelium tissue that no matrix in there so the cell attraction to each other. للتوضيح tissue( Derived from mesoderm in embryo mesenchyme and mucous connective هي عباره عن اصل االنسجة الضامه في تكوين الجنين( mesodermال Vascular. Can replicate (healing and repair). Is not present on free surfaces or body cavities. Innervated=supporting. Cells in Connective Tissue: First we need to know that these cells have a variety different function unlike the epithelium. 1-fixed: Fibroblasts active cell. Adipose (fat) cells.ولكن عند دخولها للخليه اصبحت فعاله ولها مسمه اخرى immuneهي cell باالصل Tissue Macrophages Mast cells 2-free)can move to help the tissue): Lymphocytes & Plasma Cells (differentiated B-cells) Leukocytes A-Fibroblasts cell: Synthesize and secrete components of the ECM: fibers and ground substance. Active and quiescent stages (when quiescent sometimes called fibrocytes or mature fibroblasts). Synthesize growth factors. Rarely undergo cell division unless tissue is injured, which activates the quiescent cells. Play a major role in the process of wound healing and respond to an injury by proliferating and enhanced fiber formation.

3 A- fibroblast(active)t: large and round nucleus. B-fibrocytes(unactive): flat and elongate. (A) (B) B-Myofibroblasts: The activity of myofibroblasts is responsible for wound closure after tissue injury wound contraction. C-Adipocytes: fat cell Note: 1-the main function is store energy. 2-we don t have many ECM. 3- the female adipocytes cells more than male. 4- two type of adipocytes cell: a)brown fat in newbrons,function Produce heat. b) yellow fat,store fat(energy). D- Macrophages: the main function phagocytosis(eating dead cell) and antigen presentation. E- Plasma Cells are mature B lymphocytes: that constitutively secrete antibodies and containing compact heterochromatin alternating with lighter areas of equal size ( the face of clock ). F-Mast cell: this tissue is subjected to many things it protect itself from every thing 1)large organism :macrophage 2)small organism :neutrophile 3)foreign material make sensitivity: eosinophil 4)diabetes mellitus: basophile 5)autoimmune disease :plasma cells #mast cells active during" sensitivity" Anaphylactic shock caused by nonsteroidal anti- eflammatory druge like "votaren" When there is Anaphylactic shock all the mast cells in our body secret its enzyme causing dropping in blood pressure and decrease in breathing This is an immediate and emergency case في بعض انواع االدويه يتحسس الجسم من ثاني او ثالث مرة من شرب جرعة الدواء Mediate type of sensitivity نسميها

4 The feature of these cell it has a lot of vessels, basophilic majorly The area of the vessels converted to red colour in blue dye G- LEUCOCYTE White blood cell : *neutrophil ---- engulf *eosinophil ---- parasite "ameba" * basophile ---- immunity + diseases Feature : وتعمل ما يسمى باالقدام Wondering cells : can move frome blood to all tissue and inside the tissue.. tissue "pseudopodia" to move inside the الكاذبه *the cells that make connective tissue are fibroblasts Mast, leucocyte, plasma, macrophage those cells are protective to connective tissue Collagen : the most abundant type of fiber in our body,there is 25 type of it The most abundant type of them is type 1 *microfibule ويكون >> (خيط رفيع) <<يتجمع fiber>> bonding >> up to one thousand fiber with each other " slide 33" * Collagen type 2 we can't see it because it's very tiny * type 3 reticulin fiber >> no bonding Collagen fibers viewed by light microscopy slide"29" Hematoxyline stain >> pink colour Trichrome >> blue or green

5 Slide 30 We can't see nucleus because those fibers are very vertical Longitudinal *just collagen type 1 running in 2 bundles so other type of fiber need special stain under light microscope to see it. Elastic and Reticular fiber need special stain "no bundles " Reticular: short and branch "protection in bone marrow" Elastic: for movement and force " found in lung " The average braeathing 12 breath per minute لو كانت الرئه مصنوعه من الكوالجين لكنا قد استهلكنا كامل طاقتنا حتى نتنفس نفس واحد الن الكوالجين ال يمتاز بخاصيه المطاط لكي تمتد الرئه وتنقبض لذلك خلق هللا عز وجل Elasticلكي تعطي الرئه المرونه الالزمه للشهيق والزفير Elastic fiber features : -Elongate - return to its original shape after removal of the force ** the skin need elastic fiber because of its movement in all direction we apologize for any scientific, grammatical, or spelling mistakes, and please report if any were found. Best of Luck~