RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE IN YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS 1

Transcription

1 ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLI AKADEMIK SPOR SAĞLIK VE TIP BILIMLERI DERGISI INTERNATIONAL REFEREED ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS, HEALTH AND MEDICAL SCIENCES RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE IN YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS 1 ALTYAPI FUTBOLCULARINDA FONKSİYONEL HAREKET ANALİZİNİN ATLETİK PERFORMANSLA İLİŞKİSİ Mustafa ŞAHİN 1, Ogulcan DOĞANAY 2, Bülent BAYRAKTAR İstanbul Univesity, Faculty of Sot Sciences, Deatment of Coaching Education, İstanbul / Tukey 3 İstanbul Univesity, Faculty of Medicine, Intenal Medicine, Sots Medicine Deatment, İstanbul / Tukey ORCID ID: , , Öz: Amaç: Bu çalışma altyaı futbolculaının fonksiyonel haeket taaması (FMS) skolaının analizi ve efomansla olan ilişkisini belilemek amacıyla yaılmıştı. Yöntem: Çalışma faklı kulülein yaş aalığında oynayan tolam 92 futbolcu ile geçekleştiilmişti. Aaştımada futbolculaın yaş, boy uzunluğu, vücut ağılığı, Beden Kütle indeksi (BKI), Uzun atlama, Dayanıklılık, Çeviklik, ve 30m. Süat ile FMS bileşenlei incelenmişti. Çalışmanın istatistiksel analizi SPSS 21.0 ogamı ile yaılmış, gulaa aası kaşılaştımala bağımsız t-testi ile, FMS skolaı ile efomans ilişkisi Peason koelasyon analizi ile geçekleştiilmişti. Bulgula: Futbolculaın tolam FMS uan otalaması 14,40 olaak tesit edilmişti. FMS testinde skolaın en az biinde asimetisi olan soculaın oanının %61.96 olduğu, %38,04 futbolcunun ise asimetisinin olmadığı göülmüştü. FMS skolaı ile efomans aametelei aasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde Dayanıklılık ile Active staigth leg aise (=0,270) ve otay stability (=0,259) aasında <0,05 düzeyinde ilişki ozitif ilişki olduğu tesit edilmişti. Çeviklik testi ile active staigth legaise aasında <0,05 düzeyinde negatif ilişki (=-0,273) bulunmuştu. Sonuç: Altyaı futbolculaında FMS skolaının nomal olduğu, fakat sağ ve sol taaf asimeti yaygınlığı açısından önemli oblemlein bulunduğu söylenebili. Alt yaı futbolculaında Fonksiyonel haeket değeleinin dayanıklılık ve çeviklik özelliği ile ilişkisi bulunmaktadı. Anahta Kelimele: Futbol, Haeket Analizi, FMS, Atletik Pefomans, Yaalanmalaın Önlenmesi Abstact: Aim: This study was conducted to detemine the elationshi between the analysis of functional movement sceen (FMS) scoes and the efomance of young socce layes. Method: The study was conducted with a total of 92 socce layes laying at diffeent clubs aged between In the study, FMS comonents wee examined with age, height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), long jum, enduance, agility, and a 10-m, 20-m, and 30-m sint test. Statistical analysis of the study was conducted using the SPSS 21.0 ogam. Comaisons between gous wee made using the indeendent t-test. The FMS scoes and efomance elationshi wee analyzed using Peason s coelation analysis. Finding: The total FMS scoe of the socce layes was detemined as In the FMS test, 61.96% of the socce layes had at least one asymmety; 38.04% of the socce layes had no asymmety. When the elationshi between FMS scoes and efomance aametes was examined, it was detemined that thee was a ositive coelation between enduance and active staight leg aise (= 0.270) and otay stability (= 0.259). A negative coelation (= ) was found between the agility test and active staight leg aise at <0.05. Conclusion: It can be said that FMS scoes ae nomal in infastuctual socce layes, but thee ae significant oblems in tems of the excess of asymmety in the ight and left sides. In young socce layes, functional movement scoes ae elated to enduance and agility. Key Wods: Socce, Movement Analysis, FMS, Athletic Pefomance, Injuy Pevention Doi: /SSTB (1) Coesonding Autho: Mustafa ŞAHİN, İstanbul Univesity, Faculty of Sot Sciences, Deatment of Coaching Education, İstanbul / Tukey, msahin@istanbul.edu.t, Received: , Acceted: , Tye ofaticle (Reseach -Alication) Conflict of Inteest: None / None of Ethics Committee 1

2 INTRODUCTION Functional movement sceen (FMS), which is a eliable method fo evaluating the movement of athletes (Moan et al., 2016: ; Kiesel et al., 2007: ), is a detailed evaluation method of human movement which consists of 7 movement tests and 3 cleaing movements (Cook et al., 2014: ). FMS was fist alied to Ameican football layes and then eseach sead aidly (Agesta et al., 2014: ; Badenett et al., 2015: ; Li et al., 2015:1166; Waen et al., 2015:163). The movement sceen test, which is used to evaluate mobilization and stabilization, has been alied in many counties and aeas (Bodden et al., 2013: ; Loudon et al., 2014: ; Paenteau et al., 2014: ; Kazman et al., 2014: ; Schneides et al., 2011:75-82; Teyhen et al., 2014: ). The inteest of sot exets fo coective execises to incease the ange of motion of athletes has begun to incease day by day. FMS is a method in which each movement scoe is assessed within itself, as well as with 7 diffeent measuements that ae evaluated in asymmety and total scoe, and coective execises can be given accoding to the esults (Mokha et al., 2016: ;). If the total of the 7 measuements is below 14 oints, it inceases the isk of injuies (Choba., 2010:47-54). It is emhasized that wok is also imotant fo young athletes in the system, which is mostly efomed on adults (Maques., 2017: ). When evaluating hysical efomance, shuttles, ush-us, enduance, sints, jums, agility and stength tests ae usually alied (Meeuwisse and Fowle, 1988: 35-42). The main goal of e-season tests is to educe the isk factos that may cause injuies, to event the ecuence of injuies, to imove efomance, and to imove the quality of life. Suveys have shown that efomance tests o fitness tests ae uncetain to meet these goals (Metzl., 2000: ). The uose of this study is to ovide a detailed exlanation of the esults of FMS in young socce layes. When we looked at the eseach on youth socce, we found many conditioning studies but vey few studies on movement analysis. With this aoach, we eseached whethe athletic efomance chaacteistics wee affected by FMS total scoe, individual scoes, and asymmety, in ode to have knowledge about the elationshi between movement analysis and the efomance comonents of young socce layes. METHODS This eseach was conducted with a total of 92 socce layes who studied at the Tukish 2

3 SSTB Football Fedeation Meal Celal Aas Sots High School and layed at diffeent youth socce clubs. based wam-u. Five minutes est was given between the tests. Standing long jum: This was measued using a steel mete on a non-sli floo. The measuement was made by measuing the distance between the stating oint and the heel of the socce laye at the lace whee they fell. The age, height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), long jum, enduance, agility, seed, and FMS evaluations of the socce layes wee examined in the eseach. In ou study, we used the New Test-Powetime 300 test system (Enoksen et al., 2009: 77-84), taffic cones, disc cones, a seake, stadiomete, and a Tanita BC418 segmental body comosition device (Tanita, Jaan). The FMS kit was used fo functional movement sceen. Duing the test, the ams of the socce layes had to be behind thei body, the knees had to be bent and the body leaning slightly fowad. The best scoe of thee tials was ecoded (Reiman and Manske, 2009: ). Agility: The o-agility test was efomed. Photocell (Newtest Powetime 300) was used to measue the duation. In the test, a single hotocell was used. The athlete stated the test by unning to the ight fom the midoint of the 10-mete field, then to the left, and again to the stating oint to end the test. The same ocedue was eeated by stating to the left and the best time was ecoded in seconds (Haman and Gahamme, 2008: ). Height: The heights of the socce layes wee detemined by measuing the distance between the head and foot. The esults ae eoted in centimetes (Table 1). Body Weight: Body weight measuements wee made with the Tanita BC418 body comosition device; the socce layes wee measued without shoes with standad sotswea (shots, t-shits). The esults wee ecoded in kilogams. Seed: The athlete stated the test with a command fom the test manage fom the stating line, which was 50 cm behind the stating hotocell. The measuements wee made with hotocells located at and 30th metes of the 30-m unning distance. Two measuements wee taken and five minutes of est Body Mass Index: BMI was calculated with using the fomula weight/height2 (kg/m2). The FMS test was alied to the athletes fist, and efomance tests wee alied 1 day afte. The athletes wee eaed fo efomance tests with a 20-minute coodination3

4 was given between the two measuements. The best time was ecoded. Enduance: Enduance was detemined by using the Yo-Yo Intemittent Recovey Test (Yo-Yo IR1). This is an enduance test that gadually inceases the unning seed accoding to the signal tone coming fom the signal device that stats with 10 km unning seed in a 2x20 m aea. Afte evey 40 m of unning, thee is an active ecovey aea of 2x5 m fo 10 seconds. The test was teminated when the eson missed thee bees o when the athlete uns out (Kustu et al., 2003: ). Functional Movement Sceen: The FMS consists of 7 movement tests and 3 contol tests. Movement Tests: Dee squat, hudle ste, in-line lunge, shoulde mobility, active staight leg aise, tunk stability ush u, otay stability. Cleaing Tests: Imingement cleaing test, ess-u cleaing test, osteio ocking cleaing test (Cook et al. 2014: ). The athletes wee scoed 0-3, the highest scoe was ecoded afte 3 attemts. The statistical analysis of the study was made with the SPSS 21.0 ogam, the indeendent t-test between gous, and the efomance coelation with FMS scoes was efomed using Peason s coelation analysis. RESULTS Table 1. Descitive Chaacteistics of the Socce Playes, Aveage and Standad Deviations of Pefomance Tests, and FMS Scoes Paametes n Mean Standad Deviation Age (yeas) Height (cm) Bodyweight (kg) BMI (kg/m 2 ) Long Jum (cm) YO-YO (m)

5 SSTB Agility (s) Sint 10m (s) Sint 20m (s) Sint 30m (s) Dee Squat (oint) Hudle (oint) Lunge (oint) Shoulde Mobility (oint) Leg Raise (oint) Stability Push U (oint) Rotay Stability (oint) Total FMS (oint) Table 1. shows the descitive chaacteistics of the socce layes, the aveage and standad deviations of efomance comonents, and FMS scoes. The aveage long jum of the layes was cm, the enduance aveage was m, the aveage agility was sec, and the aveage 10-m, 20-m, and 30-m sint was 1.86 sec, 3.27 sec, 4.59 sec, esectively. The aveage total FMS scoe of the socce layes was detemined as When the FMS scoes wee examined, the aveage dee squat was 1.68, the aveage hudle ste was 1.9, the mean lunge was 2.01, the aveage shoulde mobility was 2.57, the aveage leg aise was 1.95, the aveage ush u was 2.36, and the aveage stability was

6 Table 2. Effect of Asymmety on Pefomance in FMS Test Paametes Asymmety n Mean Standad Deviation t Long Jum (cm) Yes No Yo-Yo (m) Yes No Agility (s) Yes No Sint 10m (s) Yes No Sint 20m (s) Yes No Sint 30m (s) Yes No When the effect of asymmety on efomance was examined accoding to the FMS test in Table 2, it was seen that thee was no significant effect of asymmety ( >.05). When we examined fo any asymmety in the FMS test, we found that 57 (61.96%) socce layes had asymmety and 35 (38.04%) had no asymmety. 6

7 SSTB Table 3. Relationshi Between Athlete s FMS Scoes and Pefomance Paametes Paametes Dee Squat Hudle Ste In-Line Lunge Shoulde Mobility Active Leg Raise Stability Push U Rotay Stability FMS Total Scoe Long Jum Enduance Agility Sint 10m. Sint 20m. Sint 30m * * *

8 When the elationshi between FMS scoes and efomance aametes of athletes was examined in Table 3, it was detemined that thee was a elation between the Yo-Yo test and active staight leg aise ( <.05) (= 0.270). The elationshi between the Yo-Yo test and the otay stability was also found as significant ( <.05) (= 0.259). The elationshi between the agility test and active staight leg aise was found as significant ( <.05) (= ). The othe aametes seemed to be unelated. DISCUSSION Although the esult of a successful socce match is mostly detemined by the level of technique and tactics, the ability to move with high athletic efomance contibutes to elite efomance (Moh et al., 2008: ). Socce equies a high level of athletic efomance fo success (Stolen et al., 2005: ). In ou study, the aveage long jum of the layes was cm, the aveage enduance was m, the aveage agility was sec, and the aveage 10-m, 20-m, and 30-m sints wee 1.86 sec, 3.27 sec, and 4.59 sec, esectively. Socce layes usually un between 10 and 12 km duing matches; 25% of this distance is walking, 37% is slow unning, 20% is submaximal movements, 11% is sint, and 7% is backwad unning. These data show that the aeobic enegy system is used edominantly in socce and that the anaeobic enegy system is also used (Bangsbo et al., 2006: ). Physical changes associated with taining cause diffeent hysical changes in each age gou. It has been eoted that the esults of egula taining in amateu and adolescent athletes lead to geate imovement than in high-level athletes (Ateş and Ateşoğlu., 2007:21). Movements in socce ae efomed with ecovey in shot eiods of time (Moh et al., 2005: ). It is necessay fo socce layes to develo enduance in ode to maintain efomance duing cometition (Helgeud et al., 2001: ). Elite 14-yea-old socce laye s YO-YO IRT 1 duability test aveage was 2200 m (Bangsbo and Moh, 2012:28). In ou study, the esults show that the socce layes we tested wee below the elite level. In the esent study, 92 young socce layes wee evaluated by scoing seven diffeent movement attens of FMS. The total FMS scoes of the socce layes was detemined as When the FMS scoes wee examined, the aveage dee squat was 1.68, the aveage hudle ste was 1.9, the aveage in-line 8

9 SSTB lunge was 2.01, the aveage shoulde mobility was 2.57, the aveage active staight leg aise was 1.95, the aveage stability ush u was 2.36, and the aveage of the otay stability was ), YO-YO test, and otay stability ( <.05) (= 0.259). A significant elationshi was found between the agility test and active staight leg aise ( <.05) (= ). The othe aametes seemed to be unelated. When the asymmety effect accoding to the FMS test was examined, it was seen that thee was no significant effect of asymmety ( >.05). Studies that suggested that functional movement sceening was not elated to athletic efomance (Pachmann et al., 2011: ) ae contay to ou findings. In ou study, although not all the efomance aametes wee elated to the motion analysis, it was found that enduance and agility wee elated to the movement analysis. When any asymmety scoe was examined in the FMS test, 57 (61.96%) socce layes had asymmety and 35 (38.04%) had no asymmety. If any FMS movement scoe is below 2 oints, o if the total scoe is below 14 oints, o if ight and left body asymmety occus, the injuy isk ate inceases (Choba, 2010:47-54). In ou study gou, the ecentage of athletes with at least one asymmety was 61%, and the total FMS scoes of the athletes wee 14 and above, which was sufficient fo the movement sceening scoe. Ou athletes aveage dee squat, hudle ste, active staight leg aise, and otay stability attens wee below 2 oints. This indicates that the isk of injuy is high. REFERENCES AGRESTA, C., SLOBODINSKY, M., TUCKER, C., (2014). Functional Movement Sceen Nomative Values in Healthy Distance Runnes. Int J Sots Med, 35(14): ATEŞ, M., ATEŞOĞLU, U., (2007). Pliometik Antenmanın Yaş Gubu Ekek Futbolculaın Üst ve Alt Ekstemite Kuvvet Paametelei Üzeine Etkisi. Somete Beden Eğitimi ve So Bilimlei Degisi, (1): When the elationshi between the FMS scoes and the efomance aametes of the athletes was examined, it was found that thee was a elationshi between the YO-YO test and active staight leg aise ( <.05) (= BANGSBO, J., MOHR, M., (2012). Fitness Testing in Football. Bangsbosot, ss.27 9

10 BANGSBO, J., MOHR, M., KRUSTRUP, P., (2006). Physical and Metabolic Demands of Taining and Match-Play in The Elite Football Playe. Jounal of sots sciences, 24(07): BARDENETT, S.M., MICCA, J.J., DENOY- ELLES, J.T., MILLER, S.D., JENK, D.T., BROOKS, G.S., (2015). Functional Movement Sceen Nomative Values and Validity in High School Athletes: Can The FMS Be Used as A Pedicto of Injuy? Int J Sots Phys The, 10(3): BODDEN, J.G., NEEDHAM, R.A., CHOCKALINGAM, N., (2015). The Effect of an Intevention Pogam on Functional Movement Sceen Test Scoes in Mixed Matial Ats Athletes. The Jounal of Stength and Conditioning Reseach, 29(1): CHORBA, R.S., CHORBA, D.J., BOUIL- LON, L.E, OVERMYER, C.A., LAN- DIS, J.A., (2010). Use of a Functional Movement Sceening Tool to Detemine Injuy Risk in Female Collegiate Athletes. N Am J Sots Phys The, 5(2): COOK, G., BURTON, L., HOOGENBOOM, B.J., VOİGHT, M., (2014). Functional Movement Sceening: The Use of Fundamental Movements as An Assessment of Function - Pat 1. Int J Sots Phys The. 9(3): ENOKSEN, E., TONNESSEN, E., SHALFAWİ, S., (2009). Validity and Reliability of the Newtest Powetime 300-Seies Testing System. Jounal of Sots Sciences, 26(4): HARMAN, E., GARHAMMER, J., (2008). Administation, Scoing and Inteetation of Selected Tests. In: Baechle T, Eale R. W., Eds. Essentials of Stength and Conditioning. Chamaign, Il: Human Kinetics, ss HELGERUD, J., ENGEN, L.C., WISL- OFF, U, AND HOFF, J., (2001). Aeobic Enduance Taining Imoves Socce Pefomance. Med Sci Sots Exec 33: KAZMAN, J.B., GALECKI, J.M., LISMAN, P., DEUSTER, P.A., O CONNOR, F.G., (2014). Facto Stuctue of the Functional Movement Sceen in Maine Office Candidates. Jounal of Stength and Conditioning Reseach, 28: KIESEL, K., PLISKY, P.J., VOIGHT, M.L., (2007). Can Seious Injuy in Pofessional Football Be Pedicted by A Peseason Functional Movement Sceen? N Am J Sots Phys The. 2(3):

11 SSTB KRUSTRUP, P., MOHR, M., AMSTRUP, T., RYSGAARD, T., JOHANSEN, J., STEENSBERG, A., BANGSBO, J., (2003). The Yo-Yo Intemittent Recovey Test: Physiological Resonse, Reliability, and Validity. Medicine and Science in Sots and Execise, 35(4): METZL, J.D., (2000). The Adolescent PePaticiation Physical Examination: is it Helful? Clin Sots Med, 19(4): MOHR, M., KRUSTRUP, P., AND BANGSBO, J., (2005). Fatigue in Socce: A Bief Review. J Sot Sci, 23: MOHR, M., KRUSTRUP, P., ANDERSSON, H., KIRKENDAL, D., AND BANGSBO, J., (2008). Match Activities of Elite Women Socce Playes at Diffeent Pefomance Levels. J Stength Cond Res, 22: LI, Y., WANG, X., CHEN, X., DAI, B., (2015). Exloatoy Facto Analysis of the Functional Movement Sceen in Elite Athletes. J Sots Sci. 33(11): LOUDON, J.K., PARKERSONMİTCHELL, A.J., HİLDEBRAND, L.D., TEAGUE, C., (2014). Functional Movement Sceen Scoes in a Gou of Running Athletes. Jounal of Stength and Conditioning Reseach, 28: MOKHA, M., SPRAGUE, P.A., GATENS, D.R., (2016). Pedicting Musculoskeletal Injuy in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division Il Athletes Fom Asymmeties and Individual-Test Vesus Comosite Functional Movement Sceen Scoes. J Athl Tain, 51(4): MARQUES, V.B., MEDEIROS, T.M., DE SOUZA STIGGER, F., NAKAMURA, F.Y, BARONI, B.M, (2017). The Functional Movement Sceen (FMS ) in Elite Young Socce Playes Between 14 And 20 Yeas: Comosite Scoe, Individual-Test Scoes and Asymmeties. Int J Sots Phys The. 12(6): MORAN, R.W., SCHNEIDERS, A.G, MAJOR, K.M., SULLIVAN, S.J., (2016). How Reliable ae Functional Movement Sceening Scoes. A Systematic Review of Rate Reliability. B J Sots Med, 50(9): MEEUWİSSE, W.H., FOWLER. P.J., (1988), Fequency and Pedictability of Sots Injuies in Intecollegiate Athletes. Can J Sot Sci., 13(1):35-42 PARCHMANN, C.J., MCBRİDE, J. M., (2011). Relationshi Between Functional Movement Sceen and Athletic Pefomance. The Jounal of Stength and Conditioning Reseach, 25(12):

12 PARENTEAU-G, E., GAUDREAULT, N., CHAMBERS, S., BOISVERT, C., GRE- NIER, A., GAGNE, G., BALG, F., (2014). Functional Movement Sceen Test: a Reliable Sceening Test fo Young Elite Ice Hockey Playes. Physical Theay in Sot, 15: REIMAN, R.P., MANSKE, R.C., (2009). Functional Testing in Human Pefomance. Human Kinetics, ss SCHNEIDERS, A.G., DAVIDSSON, A., HORMAN, E., SULLIVAN, S.J., (2011). Functional Movement Sceen Nomative Values in A Young, Active Poulation. Intenational Jounal of Sots Physical Theay, (6): STOLEN, T.., CHAMARI, K., CASTAGNA, C., AND WISLOFF, U., (2005). Physiology of Socce: An Udate. Sots Med, 35: TEYHEN, D.S., RIEBEL, M.A., MCAR- THUR, D.R., SAVINI, M., JONES, M.J., GOFFAR, S.L., PLISKY, P.J., (2014). Nomative Data and The Influence of Age and Gende on Powe, Balance, Flexibility, and Functional Movement in Healthy Sevice Membes. Militay Medicine, 179(4): WARREN, M., SMITH, C.A., CHIMERA, N.J., (2015). Association of The Functional Movement Sceen with Injuies in Division I Athletes. Jounal of Sot Rehabilitation, 24(2):