SCHOOL OF ANATOMICAL SCIENCES. HUMAN ANATOMY FOR MBBCH II, BHSc II & BSc (Biomed Eng) III COURSE CODE: ANAT 2020 TIME: 2 HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100

Transcription

1 SCHOOL OF ANATOMICAL SCIENCES HUMAN ANATOMY FOR MBBCH II, BHSc II & BSc (Biomed Eng) III COURSE CODE: ANAT 2020 TEST 1: 22 nd MARCH 2016 TIME: 2 HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100 Instructions: 1. Answer all questions. 2. Write your Anatomy number on each answer book. 3. Relevant and correctly labelled diagrams may be used to enhance your answers. 4. ONLY scripts written in blue or black ink will be marked. 5. Pencil may be used ONLY for drawings. SECTION A: MORPHOLOGICAL ANATOMY 60 MARKS i. Answer all Morphological Anatomy questions No 1-2 in the GREEN book ii. Begin your answer to a question on a fresh page. SECTION B: HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 40 MARKS i. Answer all Histology and Embryology questions in the WHITE book. ii. Begin your answer to a question on a fresh page. Page 1 of 5

2 SECTION A: MORPHOLOGICAL ANATOMY (UPPER LIMB AND THORAX) 60 MARKS QUESTION 1 1a. Draw a well labelled diagram of the brachial plexus and its infraclavicular branches (No description required) (8 marks) 1b. List the branches of the first, second and third parts of the axillary artery. 1c. Copy and complete the table below on movements at the glenohumeral joint. Movement Muscles Involved (Prime movers only) Abduction Adduction Flexion Medial Rotation Lateral Rotation 1d. Describe the boundaries of the cubital fossa. (5 marks) 1e. Tabulate the innervation and actions of the three muscles of the thenar eminence in the hand. (5 marks) Muscle Innervation Prime action on thumb QUESTION 2 2a. Name the fissures of the right lung and describe their surface markings. 2b. List the parts of the parietal pleura and their location. 2c. List the structures that make the sternal angle an important landmark. (5 marks) 2d. List the contents of the posterior mediastinum. 2e. Tabulate the location and sites of auscultation of the heart valves Heart valve Location of valve Site for auscultation 2f. Describe the surface anatomy of the superior, inferior, right and left borders of the heart. 2g. Tabulate the differences between the right and left ventricle. (5 marks) Left ventricle Right ventricle Page 2 of 5

3 2h. Copy the table below and provide the information on the major openings of the diaphragm. (7 marks) Name of Opening Vertebral level Structures passing through Page 3 of 5

4 SECTION B: HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 40 MARKS QUESTION 1 Complete the following table. Please note each correct answer will be allocated ½ mark. Epithelial identification Epithelial classification Epithelial location Epithelial main function Epidermis Transitional epithelium Ependymal cells Endothelium QUESTION 2 a. What is the principal resident connective tissue cell type? (0.5 mark) b. Describe the morphology of the cell mentioned in a) in H and E stained tissue. (1.5 marks) c. Provide four (4) functions of this cell? (2 marks) [Total: 4 marks] QUESTION 3 Compare and contrast the histological structure, including ultrastructure, of skeletal muscle and smooth muscle. QUESTION 4 a. Draw a well labelled diagram illustrating the histological structure of a Haversian system. b. List any two cell types associated with bone and give the main function of each. (2 marks) QUESTION 5 Describe the histological structure of an anterior horn cell and give its location and the main function. Page 4 of 5

5 QUESTION 6 Write notes on the zone of hypertrophy found in the epiphyseal cartilage of a long bone. (5 marks) QUESTION 7 With regard to the third week of embryonic development: a. What is the name given to the process by which the bilaminar embryonic disc is converted into a trilaminar embryonic disc? (0.5 marks) b. What is the role of the notochord during the embryonic development of the intraembryonic mesoderm? (0.5 marks) c. List the three (3) parts of somites and give their derivatives. [Total: 4 marks] QUESTION 8 Describe the embryonic development of the interventricular septum of the heart. Page 5 of 5