ANAT 2005, 2031 NOVEMBER 2013 FINAL EXAM

Transcription

1 2 Hours 06/11 /2013 DEPARTMENT EXAMS OFFICE USE ONLY University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Course or topic No(s) ANAT 2005, 2031 Course or topic name(s) Paper Number & title ANATOMY FOR NURSES AND PHARMACISTS FINAL EXAMINATION Examination to be Held during month of NOVEMBER 2013 Year of Study (Arts & Science leave blank) SECOND Degree/Diplomas for which This course is prescribed BNURS II (ANAT 2005) BPHARM II (ANAT 2031) Faculty/ies presenting Candidates FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES Internal examiner(s) And telephone extension Number(s) DR N GRAVETT ( ) DR B MASEKO ( ) (COURSE COORDINATORS) External examiner(s) PROFESSOR MC BOSMAN and DR G GUNSTON Special materials required (graph/music/drawing paper) maps, diagrams, tables, computer cards, etc. Time allowance Course Nos. ANAT 2005 ANAT 2031 Hours TWO Instructions to candidates (Examiners may wish to use this space to indicate, inter alia, the contribution made by this examination or test towards the year mark, if appropriate) SEE DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS ON THE FOLLOWING PAGE PAGE ONE Page 1 of 9

2 SCHOOL OF ANATOMICAL SCIENCES ANATOMY FOR BNurs II and BPharm II (ANAT 2005, 2031) FINAL EXAM: 6 th NOVEMBER 2013 TOTAL TIME: 2 Hours TOTAL MARKS: 100 This exam consists of two papers; Paper I will consist of Gross Anatomy questions and Paper II of Histology and Embryology questions. Instructions: 1. Answer all questions. 2. Write your Anatomy number on each answer book/mcq sheet. SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHIOCE QUESTIONS (MCQs) 40 MARKS 1. Write your name, the degree for which you are registered, your student number, and anatomy test number on the Faculty of Health Sciences side of the computer sheet. 2. On the circles side of the computer sheet in the block headed student number write your student number. Fill in the circles with a soft HB pencil. 3. There is one type of MCQ question in this paper: X-Type: For this type of question there are five (5) options each must be marked as either CORRECT or INCORRECT. For each question, at least one of the options will be correct and one incorrect. Please note that this type of MCQ carries negative marking. 4. DO NOT use CORRECTION FLUID on your MCQ sheet. You may use an eraser with care. 5. DO NOT fold or bend the computer card. 6. The computer sheet MUST be filled in during the examination time. NO TIME WILL BE ALLOWED after the end of the examination for filling in the sheet. 7. Gross Anatomy questions are from 1 to 12, and Histology and Embryology questions are from 13 to 20. The answers for both sections are to be filled into the same computer card. PLEASE BE CAREFUL TO ANSWER AT THE CORRECT NUMBERS. SECTION B: SHORT WRITTEN QUESTIONS 60 MARKS 1. Answer all Gross Anatomy questions in the COLOURED book and all Histology and Embryology questions in the WHITE book. 2. Relevant and correctly labelled diagrams may be used to enhance your answers. 3. ONLY scripts written in blue or black ink will be marked. Pencil may be used ONLY for drawings. Page 2 of 9

3 PAPER 1: GROSS ANATOMY SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 60 MARKS 24 MARKS 1. With regard to spinal nerves: a. There are 31 pairs b. The roots are the connections to the spinal cord c. Each contains either motor or sensory fibres only d. Each has a ventral ramus e. Exit the vertebral column through the vertebral foramen 2. With regard to the parietal pleura: a. The costal part covers the external surface of the thoracic wall b. The mediastinal part covers the lateral aspects of the mediastinum c. The diaphragmatic part covers the superior surface of the diaphragm d. The cervical pleura extend into the root of the neck e. It follows the contours of the heart very closely 3. The following are tributaries of the portal vein: a. Splenic vein b. Inferior vena cava c. Left gastric vein d. Right gastric vein e. Cystic veins 4. The following structures are derivatives of the foregut region: a. Stomach b. Descending colon c. Ileum d. Liver and gall bladder e. Jejunum 5. The following veins are involved in Porto-systemic anastomoses: a. Oesophageal veins b. Paraumbillical veins c. Rectal veins d. Retroperitoneal veins e. Intraperitoneal veins 6. The contents of the cubital fossa include: a. Brachial artery and accompanying veins b. Radial nerve c. Ulnar nerve d. Bicipital aponeurosis e. Median nerve Page 3 of 9

4 7. With regard to the muscles of the hand: a. Medial two lumbricals are innervated by the ulnar nerve b. Adductor pollicis muscle is innervated by the median nerve c. Dorsal interossei are innervated by the median nerve d. Opponens pollicis is innervated by median nerve e. Palmar interossei adduct the fingers 8. Regarding the femoral triangle of the thigh: a. Femoral nerve is the most medial content b. Femoral sheath encloses the femoral artery, vein and canal c. Medial border of Sartorius forms the medial boundary of the triangle d. Femoral artery begins at the mid-inguinal point behind inguinal ligament e. Abdominal viscera could herniate through the femoral canal 9. With regard to the left kidney: a. It is intraperitoneal b. It is slightly higher than the right kidney c. It is shorter and further away from the midline than the right kidney d. Anteriorly, the stomach and the spleen are related to the superior pole e. It is related to the duodenum 10. The following organs are influenced by the pituitary gland: a. Suprarenal glands b. Liver c. Thyroid glands d. Kidneys e. Gonads 11. The structures that enter the hilum of the kidney are from anterior to posterior: a. Ureter, renal artery, renal vein b. Renal vein, ureter, renal artery c. Renal artery, renal vein, ureter d. Renal vein, renal artery, ureter e. Renal artery, ureter, renal vein 12. In the male, the membranous urethra: a. Is that part within the prostate gland b. Starts at the trigone of the bladder c. Is that part within the urogenital diaphragm d. Is that part within the corpus spongiosum e. Is called the ejaculatory duct Page 4 of 9

5 SECTION B: SHORT WRITTEN QUESTIONS 36 MARKS QUESTION Write short notes on the trachea. (3.5 marks) 1.2. Name the surfaces of the lungs. (1.5 marks) QUESTION 2 The differences between organs generally reflect differences in function. Draw a table highlighting any SIX morphological differences between the jejunum and the ileum. (6 marks) QUESTION Name the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve, and the type of innervation (sensory, motor or parasympathetic) carried in each division. (3.5 marks) 3.2. Draw a well labeled diagram of the arterial circle of Willis. (3.5 marks) 3.3. Name any FOUR features located within the rhomboid fossa (floor of the fourth ventricle). (2 marks) QUESTION Write short notes on the anatomy of the coronary sulcus. (3 marks) 4.2. List SIX of the structures found within the posterior mediastinum. (3 marks) QUESTION Name the structures related to the posterior surface of the left kidney by providing the correct labels for the image below (Drake et al, 2010): (1.5 marks) A. B. C. Page 5 of 9

6 5.2. Name the points of constriction along the course of the ureters where kidney stones can become lodged. (1.5 marks) 5.3. Why are females more prone to urinary tract infections than males? (1 mark) QUESTION Name two endocrine glands that can be found in the abdominal and pelvic cavities. (1 mark) QUESTION 7 Write short notes on the anatomy of the uterus. (5 marks) TOTAL GROSS ANATOMY: 60 MARKS Page 6 of 9

7 PAPER 2: HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 40 MARKS 16 MARKS 13. Osteocytes: a. Are found in Howship's lacunae b. Are multinucleated cells c. Are flattened, almond shaped cells d. Have thin cytoplasmic processes e. Lie in lacunae situated between the lamellae of the matrix 14. With regard to the glands of the skin: a. Sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles b. Sebaceous glands have apocrine mode of secretion c. Eccrine sweat glands are simple coiled tubular glands d. Eccrine sweat glands are associated with hair follicles e. Eccrine sweat glands have holocrine mode of secretion 15. With regard to the heart: a. Striated cardiac muscle is responsible for contraction b. Dense irregular connective tissue makes up the fibrous skeleton c. Heart valves are strengthened by epicardial connective tissue d. Purkinje fibers generate contraction impulses e. The endocardium contains Purkinje fibres 16. Lymph nodes: a. Are supported by a reticular meshwork b. Are found within the submucosa of the GIT organs c. Function in blood filtration d. Are drained by efferent lymphatic vessels e. Contain antigen-presenting cells 17. With regard to the pattern of the GIT: a. The myenteric plexus is found within the muscularis externa b. Serosa is loose connective tissue with a mesothelium c. The muscularis mucosae is responsible for peristalsis d. The submucosa shows the greatest various between organs e. A nerve plexus is found within the submucosa 18. With regard to the olfactory mucosa: a. The epithelium has a distinct basement membrane b. The lamina propria is vascular c. Olfactory glands secrete mucous d. The epithelium is stratified epithelium e. The olfactory cells are bipolar neurons Page 7 of 9

8 19. With regard to the cerebellum: a. The molecular layer is the internal layer b. The molecular layer contains basket cells c. The granular layer is the external layer d. The granular layer contains granule cells e. The Purkinje cell layer contains Purkinje fibres 20. The process of gastrulation: a. Occurs in the first week of embryonic development b. Involves the formation of the primitive streak c. Results in the formation of endoderm d. Is induced by the notochord e. Results in the formation of the bilaminar embryonic disc Page 8 of 9

9 SECTION B: SHORT WRITTEN QUESTIONS 24 MARKS QUESTION 1 With regard to Sertoli cells: a. Describe the histological- and ultrastructure. (3 marks) b. Give two functions. (1 mark) QUESTION 2 List the CNS support cells (neuroglial cells) and give the main function of each. QUESTION 3 Relate the histological structure of the walls of the heart to that of a large blood vessel. QUESTION 4 Describe the histological and ultrastructure of a smooth muscle cell. QUESTION 5 Write a short note on the embryonic origin, function and location of the Langerhans cells and Melanocytes found in human skin. QUESTION 6 Briefly describe the development of the pancreas. TOTAL HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY: 40 MARKS GRAND TOTAL: 100 MARKS Page 9 of 9