TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN LIVING SMPK PENABUR JAKARTA

Transcription

1 TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN LIVING ORGANISM SMPK PENABUR JAKARTA

2 Part 1 PLANT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

3 A. PLANT TRANSPORT SYSTEM Transport tissue? Where?

4 A. 1. Water Transport Water liquid matter Affected by environment Moist condition = in Dry condition = out TRANSPIRATION

5 Soil plant cell = diff [ ] Concentration? Solute move from [high] [low] = diffusion Solvent move from [low] [high] = osmosis Semipermeable membrane

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8 Semipermeable Membrane Certain molecule, such as water As traffic control Ex: cell membrane

9 Solvent? Solute?

10 Path of Water Root Hair osmosis Epidermis Cortex Endoder -mis Perisikel Xylem

11 From root to leaves? Capillarity of the stem Capillary pipe Affected by cohesion and adhesion Leaves surface tension Transpiration Used by leaves pull water from xylem

12 A. 2. Nutrition Transport Needed by? Nutrition = sugar, amino acids From leaves to all parts?

13 Part 2 HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

14 B. Human Circulatory System Carry? Consist of: Blood circulation Lymphatic system Lymphatic organs Lymphatic vessels

15 B.1. Blood Consist of: RBC WBC Plasma 50%

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17 B.1.1 RBC

18 Contain Hb Merah cerah = O 2 Merah keunguan = CO 2

19 Oxygen transported into all cells In cell oxygen is de-attached from Hb Absorbed by diffusion RBC reformation billirubin (in liver)

20 B.1.2. WBC

21 B.1.2. WBC Lymphocyte Lypmh Round shape-nucleus Cytoplasm don t have any granule Make antibody Phagocyte Bone marrow Irregular shape Can flow fr blood vessel Have nucleus

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23 B.1.3. Platelets Produced by Red bone marrow Pinched-off cytoplasmic fragments of specialized bone marrow cells No nucleus, no granule Vary in shape and sizes k/mm3 blood For: blood clotting

24 Blood Clotting

25 B.1.4. Blood Plasma Mostly water Pale yellow Contains: Protein food substance blood cell

26 B.1.Blood-Function As a transport system Maintain body temperature Protect body Pic of rbc

27 B.1.Blood Type Blood Type Agglutinogen/Antigen Agglutinin A A Anti-B B B Anti-A AB A and B - O - Anti A and B

28 Aglutinogen, aglutinin?

29 B.1. Blood Type-Rhesus Karl Landsteiner & Alexander Wiener Antiserum agglutinate ur blood = Rh + Can lead serious medical complications Mother-fetus incompability

30 Baby? Jaundiced Fevered Quite swollen Enlarged liver and spleen

31 Part 3 CIRCULATORY ORGANS

32 C.1. HEART As a pump Four parts: Right atrium Left atrium Right ventricle Left ventricle Left atrium & left ventricle = bicuspid Right atrium & right ventricle = tricuspid cleft Function?

33 The Heart It is about the size of a closed fist It weighs about 300 g It is made up of special muscles which contract and relax It pumps throughout a lifetime, at about 70 times a minute

34 Section heart: 4 chambers and 4 valves Upper chambers atrium, lower chambers ventricles

35 The chambers Atria push blood into ventricles and then ventricles push blood out of heart. Ventricles require greater force force to push blood, so it have thicker walls than atria Muscular wall called septum, separates left side and right side

36 The valves Atrio-ventricular valves - Lie between atria and ventricle. - Tricuspid on the right side - Bicuspid on the left side Semilunar valves: lie between left ventricle and aorta; between right ventricle and pulmonary artery They act as doors, ensure blood flow in one direction and prevent it from flowing backwards

37 Heart work Two atrium deflate, two ventricle inflate Blood from atrium to ventricle Two ventricle shrivelled, two atrium expanded Right ventricle = to lung Left ventricle = to other parts From lung = right atrium Other parts = left arium They take a rest for short time

38 Rich CO 2 (fr all over the body) Two vena cava Right atrium Right ventricle Arteri pulmonalis Rich O2 (fr lung) Vena pulmon alis Left atrium Left ventricle Aorta All over the body

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41 C.2. Blood Vessel Artery Largest = aorta Bring oxygen rich blood from left ventricle to all over the body Smaller vessel = arteries Smallest vessel = capillary vessel Vein

42 The blood vessels Blood vessels form a network of tubes to bring blood around our body. 2+1 types of blood vessels

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44 Blood pressure 120/ systole Ventricle contracts 80 diastole Ventricle relaxes

45 Part 4 BLOOD CIRCULATION

46 Closed circulatory system Blood pass heart twice = double circulation

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48 A. Pulmonary Circulation Heart lungs heart 1. to the superior and inferior vena cava, 2. then to the right atrium 3. through the tricuspid valve 4. to the right ventricle 5. through the pulmonic valve 6. to the pulmonary artery 7. to the lungs

49 B. Systemic Circulation Heart all over the body heart The blood picks up oxygen in the lungs, and then flows from the lungs: 1. to the pulmonary veins 2. to the left atrium 3. through the mitral valve 4. to the left ventricle 5. through the aortic valve 6. to the aorta 7. to the body

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51 Part 5 DISEASES IN HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

52 1. Hypertension: blood pressure > normal 2. Hypotension: blood pressure < normal

53 3. Anemia: erythrocytes < normal Men < 13,5 g/100ml Women < 12 g/100ml caused by either a decrease in production of red blood cells or hemoglobin, or an increase in loss or destruction of red blood cells. 4. Sickle Cell Anemia Hemoglobin becomes defective and causes the RBC to change the shape Normal HgbA sickle HgbS

54 5. Thalassemia erythrocytes easily damaged Abnormal Hb inherited

55 6. Leukemia = cancer of the blood cells When you have leukemia, the bone marrow starts to make a lot of abnormal white blood cells, called leukemia cells. They don't do the work of normal white blood cells. They grow faster than normal cells, and they don't stop growing when they should.

56 7. Leukocytosis

57 8. Leukopenia: leucocytes < normal 9. Thrombocytopenia: reduce thrombocytes or platelets

58 10. Varices: enlargement of vein at legs

59 11. arteriosclerosis: thickening and loss of elasticity in the arterial wall. 12. Atherosclerosis: plaque (plak) builds up inside arteries. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood.

60 13. Heart Attack Myocardinal infaction Unthreated atherosclerosis The damage or death of cardiac muscle tissue resulting from blockage of one or more coronary arteries, which supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

61 14. Stroke the death of nervous tissue in the brain due to a lack of O result from rupture or blockage of arteries in the head