P-DTR Intermediate Series Curriculum

Transcription

1 P-DTR Intermediate Series Curriculum MODULE 1 PRIORITY DYSFUNCTIONS Structure of fractals Rules of priority dysfunctions o Super basic mode Rules of Double UTL SEQUENCE DYSFUNCTIONS Reflexes vs. sequences Types of sequences Rules of sequences o Diagnostics o Treatment SHOULDER BIOMECHANICS Osteology o Shoulder complex Sternum Clavicle Scapula Humerus o Joints of the shoulder Sternoclavicular joint Acromioclavicular joint Coracoclavicular joint Scapulothoracic joint Glenohumeral joint o Shoulder neural function o Movements of the scapula Scapulohumeral rhythms o Shoulder goniometry o Movements of the shoulder complex o Static vs. dynamic restraints o Sequences KNEE BIOMECHANICS Knee goniometry Biomechanics of rolling

2 Biomechanics of rotation Menisci of the knee o Superior, peripheral, and inferior surfaces o Menisci attachments o Passive menisci movements o Active menisci movements o Rupture of the menisci Causes Types of tears Patella o Movement mechanics Extensor muscles of the knee Flexor muscles of the knee Rotator muscles of the knee Automatic movements of the knee o Movements o Causes Plica o Background o Characteristics o Location o Treatment o Clinical manifestation Lateral knee stability o Collateral ligaments Medial collateral ligaments Lateral collateral ligament Anterior-Posterior knee stability o Periarticular defense system of the knee o Cruciate ligaments Anterior cruciate ligament Posterior cruciate ligament Synovial membrane Bursae Screw-Home mechanism Genicular anastomosis Popliteal fossa Orthopedic tests Sequence dysfunctions HIP BIOMECHANICS Hip goniometry Biomechanics of hip joint o Black Crescent Three elementary movements of hip Hip ligaments

3 o Iliofemoral (superior and inferior bands) through various movements o Pubofemoral through various movements o Ischiofemoral through various movements o Ligamentum teres Circumflex artery o Transverse ligament of hip Sequence dysfunctions MODULE 2 FOOT AND ANKLE BIOMECHANICS Ankle osteology o Ankle mortise Lower leg Tibia Fibula o Tib-fib fixation Talus Relationship to FHL Movements of subtalar joint Tarsal sinus o Y-ligament Ankle goniometry o Anterior compartment o Posterior compartment o Lateral compartment Foot osteology o Hindfoot Subtalar joint o Midfoot Transverse tarsal joint Tarsometatarsal joints o Forefoot Metatarsophalangeal joints Interphalangeal joints Arches of the foot

4 o Longitudinal arch Lateral longitudinal arch Medial longitudinal arch o Transverse arch Windlass mechanism Muscles of the foot o Intrinsic muscles o Extrinsic muscles Ligaments of the ankle o Anterior proximal tib-fib ligament o Posterior proximal tib-fib ligament o Anterior/Posterior tib-fib ligament o Interosseous ligament between tibia and fibula o Lateral ankle ligaments Anterior talofibular ligament Posterior talofibular ligament Calcaneofibular ligament o Medial ankle ligaments/ Deltoid ligament Anterior tibiotalar ligament Posterior tibiotalar ligament Tibiocalcaneal ligament Tibionavicular ligament ELBOW AND WRIST BIOMECHANICS Elbow osteology o Humerus Trochlea Capitulum o Ulna o Radius Joints of elbow o Humeroulnar joint o Humeroradial joint o Radioulnar joint Proximal radioulnar joint Distal radioulnar joint Nerve innervation o Median nerve o Ulnar nerve o Radial nerve Elbow goniometry Movements of the elbow o Muscle tests for supinator, pronator teres, pronator quadratus, and anconeus Elbow kinematics Ligaments of the elbow o Annular ligament o Quadrate ligament

5 o Ulnar collateral ligament o Radial collateral ligament o Interosseous ligament between radius and ulna Carpal osteology Ligaments of the wrist o Anterior carpal ligaments o Posterior carpal ligaments MANDIBULAR AND FACIAL LIGAMENT BIOMECHANICS Mandibular ligaments o Stylomandibular ligament Muscule inhibition pattern o Sphenomandibular ligament o Lateral/Temporomandibular ligament Oblique portion Horizontal portion Facial ligaments o True retaining ligaments Mandibular cutaneous ligament Zygomatic ligament Orbitomalar ligament o False retaining ligaments Parotid cutaneous ligament Masseteric cutaneous ligament

6 AEROBIC-ANAEROBIC DYSFUNCTION Aerobic vs. Anaerobic system characteristics Neurologic respiratory system o Medulla oblongata respiratory nuclei o Reflexes of the respiratory system Aerobic system o Function o Symptoms o Causes of dysfunction o Nutrition Anaerobic system function o Function o Symptoms o Causes of dysfunction o Nutrition Base challenges for testing o Aerobic o Anaerobic PAIN AND INHIBITION Dermatomes Referred nerve pain Referred viscera pain Muscle referred pain o Lower limbs muscles o Upper limbs muscles LUMBAR SPINE BIOMECHANICS Biomechanics of the vertebral column o Spinal curvatures o Three columns theory Intervertebral disc ranges of motion Internal and external musculature support Spinal goniometry Water imbibition by the nucleus Movement of discs in flexion and extension Intervertebral disc prolapse o Types of prolapse o Locations Disc to nerve adhesions Lasegue s sign

7 Automatic rotation of the vertebral column during lateral flexion Pelvis and sacro-iliac joints o Symphysis pubis Anterior and posterior anatomy o Sacro-iliac joints Dynamic vs. static sacrum osteology Sacro-iliac ligaments Nutation and counter-nutation Lumbo-sacral joint and spondylolisthesis Muscles of the trunk Sequence dysfunctions Spinal ligaments o Iliolumbar ligament o Sacrotuberous ligament o Sacrospinous ligament o Anterior longitudinal ligament o Posterior longitudinal ligament o Ligamentum flavum o Interspinous ligament o Supraspinous ligament o Intertransverse ligament THORACIC SPINE BIOMECHANICS Axis of rotation Costovertebral joints o Reinforcing ligaments Costotransverse joints Movements of the costal cartilages and sternum Movements of the intercostal muscles and sternocostalis o Sternocostalis Diaphragm o Attachments Respiratory muscles o Primary and accessory Inspiration Expiration Mechanism of coughing: closure of the glottis Mechanism of the larynx during swallowing o Cricoid cartilage o Thyroid cartilage o Arytenoid cartilage

8 o Epiglottic cartilage CERVICAL SPINE BIOMECHANICS Cervical spine osteology o Sub-occipital segment Atlas Axis o Inferior segment Atlanto-occipital joint movements Atlanto-axial joint movements Unco-vertebral/Luschka s joints Compensations in the suboccipital vertebral column Cervical spine goniometry Structure and action of the sternocleidomastoid Prevertebral and scalene muscles Posterior muscles of the neck o Suboccipital muscles Cervical ligaments o Apical ligament o Alar ligament o Transverse posterior ligament of atlas o Posterior cervical ligament o Nuchal ligament SPINAL COUPLED MOTION Automatic rotation of the spine during lateral flexion Movement of spinous processes o Sub-occipital cervical spine o Lower cervical spine o Lumbar spine Testing Treatment