Pharynx. crop. intestine

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Byron Webster
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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The digestive system provides nutrients to the body (hearts) Pharynx esophagus gizzard crop intestine stages of digestion: Ingestion: taking in of nutrients Digestion: the

Stomach breaks down the food with stomach acids Duodenum Small intestine where most of the digestion takes place Large intestine absorbs water into the body Rectum stores waste temporarily Anus where

1 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The digestive system provides nutrients to the body (hearts) Pharynx esophagus gizzard crop intestine stages of digestion: Ingestion: taking in of nutrients Digestion: the breaking down of food molecules (mechanically and chemically) Absorption: the movement of digested nutrients to the tissues Egestion: the removal of waste Organ Esophagus pushes food into the stomach Stomach breaks down the food with stomach acids Duodenum Small intestine where most of the digestion takes place Large intestine absorbs water into the body Rectum stores waste temporarily Anus where waste is expelled (the exit) Liver produces bile Pancreas produces and delivers enzymes to help digest food Gall bladder stores bile and releases to the duodenum st part of the small intestine where bile and enzymes are delivered Crop Gizzard stores food grinds up the food

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body Label the diagrams below Lungs Pulmonary artery (red = O blood) (blue = CO blood) hearts Pulmonary veins vein vein Vena Aorta cava

Arteries carry blood away from the heart Veins carry blood towards the heart Capillaries connect arteries to veins and allow the transfer of nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide Name the four

2 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body Label the diagrams below Lungs Pulmonary artery (red = O blood) (blue = CO blood) hearts Pulmonary veins vein vein Vena Aorta cava (artery) artery (vein) Atrium Ventrical The three main components of the circulatory system are: Heart Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries) Blood Compare and contrast the three blood vessels Arteries carry blood away from the heart Veins carry blood towards the heart Capillaries connect arteries to veins and allow the transfer of nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide Name the four components of blood and describe their function. Component Plasma White blood cells Red blood cells Platelets %, liquid part of the blood %, fight infection %, carry oxygen and carbon dioxide <%, coagulates the blood

3 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Brings oxygen to the body and removes carbon dioxide Organ Nasal cavity warms and filters the air Mouth entrance / exit of air Epiglottis flap of tissue that guards the entrance of your trachea Larynx voicebox Lungs contains blonchi, bronchioles, alveoli Bronchus air passes through Diaphragm helps you breathe Pharynx throat Trachea windpipe Bronchus Bronchioles smaller branches that pass the air to the alveoli Alveoli (alveolus) where carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged

4 Questions about systems (digestive, circulatory and respiratory systems) Word Bank: The words listed will help you answer the questions for each organ system. Liver Stomach Mouth Esophagus Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Pancreas Gall bladder Blood Artery Vein Heart Capillaries Oxygen Carbon dioxide Gas exchange Trachea Nasal passage Bronchi Bronchioles Lungs Alveoli Cilia Diffusion Inhalation Exhalation Diaphragm Rib cage ) How long is an average person s small intestine? ) Nutrients pass through all of the organs of the digestive system except: ) Blue blood travels through blood vessels called. ) In which part of the respiratory system does the oxygen go into the blood? ) Compare and contrast the three types of blood vessels ) Describe what happens in the alveoli ) Explain the following: The food went down the wrong way Answer the following questions on a separate piece of paper ) In patients with cystic fibrosis, the duct joining the pancreas to the small intestine is often blocked. What effect might this have on digestion? ) The heart is a muscle that needs oxygen. Explain how the oxygen we breathe travels to the heart. ) Describe the process of how food gets from the stomach to a muscle cell.

ANIMAL AND PLANT CELL ANATOMY ORGANELLE DESCRIPTION FUNCTION (job in a factory*) Nucleus Round shape Control centre of the cell, gives instructions to make the proteins (CEO of company) Cell membrane

building) Mitochondria Bean shaped Provide energy to the cell (cafeteria or generator) Vacuole Round, very large in plant cells Stores food, water and waste (warehouse, storage room) Cytoplasm Jelly

5 ANIMAL AND PLANT CELL ANATOMY ORGANELLE DESCRIPTION FUNCTION (job in a factory*) Nucleus Round shape Control centre of the cell, gives instructions to make the proteins (CEO of company) Cell membrane Cell wall Thin walled semipermeable membrane Rigid membrane only in plant cells Regulates what enters and leaves the cell (shipping and receiving) Protects and supports the cell (wall of the building) Mitochondria Bean shaped Provide energy to the cell (cafeteria or generator) Vacuole Round, very large in plant cells Stores food, water and waste (warehouse, storage room) Cytoplasm Jelly like substance Supports and protects the organelles (Factory floor) Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum E. R. Golgi body Chloroplast Free bodies or attached to the E. R. Network of tubes Green and oval shaped, only in plants Produce proteins (workers) Where ribosomes produce proteins (conveyer belt, work floor, assembly line) Prepares proteins for use and export (packaging department) converts energy from the sun into energy for the plant - photosynthesis (solar pane, kitchen where food is produced) * A factory is like a cell, it uses materials and energy to produce a product (proteins)

Human Body Systems. Long narrow tube mixes enzymes with food Small nutrient molecules diffuse into blood

Human Body Systems. Long narrow tube mixes enzymes with food Small nutrient molecules diffuse into blood Human Body Systems Living Environment AIS Mr. DuRoss Digestive System : Break down large food molecules into smaller parts that the body can use Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine