CP Biology: Basic Biochemistry
|
|
|
- Pierce Mason
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CP Biology: Basic Biochemistry
2 Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds. Organic compounds are compounds composed primarily of a carbon skeleton. All living things are composed of organic compounds.
3 Organic Chemistry What makes carbon special? Why is carbon so different from all the other elements on the periodic table? The answer derives from the ability of carbon atoms to bond together to form long chains and rings.
4 Organic Chemistry Draw the orbital diagram for the carbon atom.
5 Organic Chemistry Carbon can covalently bond with up to four other atoms.
6 Carbon can form immensely diverse compounds, from simple to complex. Methane with 1 Carbon atom DNA with tens of Billions of Carbon atoms
7 What is Biochemistry? Biochemistry is the study of the chemical interactions of living things. Biochemists study the structures and physical properties of biological molecules. Often are involved in the manufacture of new drugs and medical treatments
8 Elements in Living Organisms The most common elements found in living organisms include: Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Nitrogen (N) Oxygen (O) Phosphorus (P) Sulfur (S) Remember CHNOPS
9 Biochemistry: where chemistry and biology meet head-on Living things require millions of chemical reactions within the body, just to survive. Metabolism = all the chemical reactions occurring in the body. Organic molecules: usually associated with living things. always contain CARBON. are large molecules, with many atoms always have covalent bonds (share electrons)
10 Macromolecules of Cells Macro = large 4 types of macromolecules in cellular biology 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids
11 Macromolecule #1: Carbohydrates Made up of simple sugars or groups of sugars Purposes: energy and structure Includes three types: Monosaccharide- only 1 sugar quick energy Ex. glucose Disaccharide - 2 sugars (monosaccharides) linked together short-term energy storage Ex. sucrose Polysaccharide - many sugars linked together. long-term energy storage & form structures
12 Macromolecule #1: Carbohydrates Polysaccharide Examples: Glycogen glucose polymer stored for future energy needs. Found in liver, muscle and sperm, etc. Cellulose glucose polymer used to form fibers for plant structures. Humans can t digest (fiber). Most abundant organic molecule. Chitin glucose polymer for exoskeletons of some crustaceans & insects.
13 Polysaccharides
14 Polysaccharides
15 Macromolecule #2: Lipids Insoluble in water (think oil & water) 4 types: Triglycerides (long-term energy storage, insulation) Ex. fats & oils Phospholipids (primary component of cell membrane) Steroids (cell signaling) Ex. cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen, etc. Waxes (protection, prevents water loss) Ex. Used mainly by plants, but also bees, some furry animals and humans.
16 Triglycerides
17 Phospholipids
18 Steroids
19 Waxes
20 Macromolecule #3: Proteins The building blocks of proteins are AMINO ACIDS. There are only 20 types of Amino Acids. There are millions of different proteins, and they are all built from different combinations of the 20 amino acids. Amino acids join together to form peptides, polypeptides, and polypeptide chains.
21 Macromolecule #3: Proteins Probably the most complicated of all biological molecules. Serve the most varied purposes, including: Support Enzymes Transport Defense Hormones Motion structural proteins (e.g., keratin, collagen) speed up chemical reactions cell membranes channels, transporters in blood (e.g., Hemoglobin) antibodies of the immune system cell signaling (e.g., insulin) contractile proteins (e.g., actin, myosin)
22 Collagen
23 Antibodies
24 Cellular Transport
25 actin & myosin fibers in muscles Motion
26 Macromolecule #4: Nucleic Acids Nucleotides: building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide contains (a) phosphate molecule, (b) nitrogenous base, and (c) 5-carbon sugar Several types of nucleic acids, including: DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid Genetic material, double stranded helix blueprint for protein synthesis RNA: ribonucleic acid Genetic material, single stranded Helps make proteins
27 DNA
28 Nucleotide Structure
2 3 Carbon Compounds (Macromolecules)
2 3 Carbon Compounds (Macromolecules) Slide 1 of 37 Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Slide 2 of 37 Carbon Living organisms are
Biological Molecules. Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids
Biological Molecules Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids Organic Molecules Always contain Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) Carbon is missing four electrons Capable of forming 4 covalent bonds
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules. KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.
KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life. Carbon atoms have unique bonding properties. Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. Carbon-based
MACROMOLECULES The Chemistry of Life
MACROMOLECULES The Chemistry of Life SB1c. Identify the function of the four major macromolecules (i.e., carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids). Vocabulary of the Day carbon macromolecule element
Biology. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Biology 1 of 37 2 of 37 The Chemistry of Carbon The Chemistry of Carbon Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. 3 of 37 Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules
Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors.
Biochemistry II Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Metabolism the sum of all biochemical processes 2 Metabolic Processes Anabolism-
Molecule - two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Ex. = water, H O
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? * All of life is built on carbon * Cells are made up of about 72% water 3% salts (NaCl, and K) 25% carbon compounds which
Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules
Biology Chapter 5 Biological macromolecules Small molecules (like water and NaCl) have certain properties that arise from the bonds which hold atoms together in a particular arrangement. Many of the molecules
Macromolecules are large molecules. Macromolecules are large structures made of many smaller structures linked together.
Biomolecules Macromolecules are large molecules. Macromolecules are large structures made of many smaller structures linked together. The small single structure is a monomer (mono=one). The larger structure
All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:
Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic compounds
Macromolecules. Macromolecules. What are the macromolecules? Organic molecules. The human body uses complex organic molecules known as macromolecules.
Macromolecules Macromolecules Biochemistry The human body uses complex organic molecules known as macromolecules. Macro - long or large It is a large molecule that is made up of smaller units joined together.
Organic Compounds. B-3.5 Students will be able to summarize the functions of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats in the human body.
Organic Compounds B-3.4 tudents will be able to summarize how the structures of organic molecules (including proteins, carbohydrates, and fats) are related to their relative caloric values. B-3.5 tudents
Biology Kevin Dees. Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules
Biology Chapter 5 Biological macromolecules Small molecules (like water and NaCl) have certain properties that arise from the bonds which hold atoms together in a particular arrangement. Many of the molecules
Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life
Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life State Standards Standard 1.h. Standard 5.a. Standard 4.e. Organic Molecules A cell is mostly water. The rest of the cell consists mostly of carbon based molecules organic
The Atoms of Life. What are other elements would you expect to be on this list? Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes)
Macromolecules The Atoms of Life The most frequently found atoms in the body are Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes) What are other elements would you expect to be on this list?
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules I. Polymers What is a polymer? Poly = many; mer = part. A polymer is a large molecule consisting of many smaller sub-units bonded together. What is a monomer?
BIOMOLECULES. Ms. Bosse Fall 2015
BIOMOLECULES Ms. Bosse Fall 2015 Biology Biology is the study of the living world. Bio = life Major Molecules of Life Macromolecules giant molecules found in living cells; made from thousands of smaller
Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms
Name: Period: Date: Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight.
Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview 2.3 The Chemistry of Carbon What elements does carbon bond with to make up life s molecules? Carbon can bond with many elements, including Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen
Macromolecules. Molecules of Life
Macromolecules Molecules of Life Learning Objectives know the difference between a dehydration synthesis reaction and a hydrolysis reaction know the different types of biological macromolecules be able
Refresher: What do we remember about CARBON? What makes it special? Nickname? Where do we find it?
2.3: Carbon Based Molecules Situation: You are tasked with making Chicken Parm and ziti for you entire family (aunts, uncles, cousins, etc). There are 92 different ingredients you have access to in the
The Structure and Function of Biomolecules
The Structure and Function of Biomolecules The student is expected to: 9A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic
Organic Compounds. Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury
Organic Compounds Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury Carbon Chemistry The compounds that form the cells and tissues of the body are produced from similar compounds in the foods you eat. Common to most foods and
Biological Chemistry. Is biochemistry fun? - Find it out!
Biological Chemistry Is biochemistry fun? - Find it out! 1. Key concepts Outline 2. Condensation and Hydrolysis Reactions 3. Carbohydrates 4. Lipids 5. Proteins 6. Nucleic Acids Key Concepts: 1. Organic
Organic Chemistry. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl.
Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl. Organic Compounds - have carbon bonded to other atoms and determine structure/function
Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview 2.3 THINK ABOUT IT In the early 1800s, many chemists called the compounds created by organisms organic, believing they were fundamentally different from
Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE
Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE Name: Per: Date: All plants, animals and microorganisms use carbohydrates as sources of energy. Carbohydrates are also used as structural building
Do Now: Sort the following into the order of life from smallest to largest:
Do Now: Sort the following into the order of life from smallest to largest: organ, molecule, atom, organelle, cell, organ system, tissue, organism Correct Order: atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue,
Macromolecules Cut & Paste
Macromolecules Cut & Paste Adapted from http://mrswords.weebly.com/uploads/1/5/2/4/15244382/ch_6-3_life_molecules_cut-out_lab.pdf INTRODUCTION Many of the molecules in living cells are so large that they
Molecules of Life. Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
Molecules of Life Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Molecules of Life All living things are composed of the following basic elements: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorous Sulfur Remember
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon bonded to other elements
Lesson 2. Biological Molecules. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1
Lesson 2 Biological Molecules Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Carbon in Biological Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) Example: glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Inorganic
Objectives. Carbon Bonding. Carbon Bonding, continued. Carbon Bonding
Biochemistry Table of Contents Objectives Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. Explain the importance of carbon bonding in biological molecules. Identify functional groups in biological
Proteins. Biomolecules. Nucleic Acids. The Building Blocks of Life
Proteins Biomolecules Nucleic Acids The Building Blocks of Life Carbohydrates Lipids Biomolecules are Organic Molecules 1. Organic molecules that are Carbon based (at least 1 Carbon molecule and often
BIOCHEMISTRY. How Are Macromolecules Formed? Dehydration Synthesis or condensation reaction Polymers formed by combining monomers and removing water.
BIOCHEMISTRY Organic compounds Compounds that contain carbon are called organic. Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon. Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds with as
Unit #2: Biochemistry
Unit #2: Biochemistry STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF FOUR MACROMOLECULES What are the four main biomolecules? How is each biomolecule structured? What are their roles in life? Where do we find them in our body?
Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes
Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon
The. Crash Course. Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O)
The Biochemistry Crash Course Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O) This exercise is designed to familiarize you with
CHAPTER 2- BIOCHEMISTRY I. WATER (VERY IMPORTANT TO LIVING ORGANISMS) A. POLAR COMPOUND- 10/4/ H O KENNEDY BIOLOGY 1AB
CHAPTER 2- BIOCHEMISTRY KENNEDY BIOLOGY 1AB I. WATER (VERY IMPORTANT TO LIVING ORGANISMS) WATER S UNIQUE PROPERTIES MAKE IT ESSENTIAL FOR ALL LIFE FUNCTIONS IT IS POLAR, AND HAS BOTH ADHESIVE AND COHESIVE
Biochemistry. Biome. & Compound. Macromolecules
Biochemistry Biome Macromolecules & Compound 1 ATOMS the smallest unit of an element. Ex: Carbon- C MOLECULE A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. EX: O 2 (Oxygen Gas) 2
Essential Components of Food
Essential Components of Food The elements of life living things are mostly (98%) made of 6 elements: C carbon H hydrogen O oxygen P phosphorus N nitrogen S sulphur -each element makes a specific number
BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES PT. 3 FOUR MAIN TYPES OF ORGANIC MOLECULES THAT MAKE UP LIVING THINGS
BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES PT. 3 FOUR MAIN TYPES OF ORGANIC MOLECULES THAT MAKE UP LIVING THINGS 1. 2. 3. 4. CARBOHYDRATES LIPIDS (fats) PROTEINS NUCLEIC ACIDS We call these four main types of carbon- based molecules
Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds
Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds Objectives: 1) List the major groups of inorganic chemicals common in cells. 2) Describe the functions of various types of inorganic chemicals in cells.
Carbon. Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements. Can bond to other carbon atoms. Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen
Organic Compounds Carbon Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Can bond to other carbon atoms Gives carbon the ability to form chains
Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates)
Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates) The Chemistry of Carbon (Organic Chemistry) Organic Chemistry: The study of compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Carbon can bond with many
The Building blocks of life. Macromolecules
The Building blocks of life Macromolecules 1 copyright cmassengale 2 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 3 LIFE ON EARTH IS CARBON-BASED
The Carbon Atom (cont.)
Organic Molecules Organic Chemistry The chemistry of the living world. Organic Molecule a molecule containing carbon and hydrogen Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell and can share electrons with
Macromolecules. Honors Biology
Macromolecules onors Biology 1 The building materials of the body are known as macromolecules because they can be very large There are four types of macromolecules: 1. Proteins 2. Nucleic acids 3. arbohydrates
B i o c h e m i s t r y N o t e s
14 P a g e Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Sulfur ~Major ~Found in all ~Found in most ~Found in all component of all organic organic molecules. molecules. ~Major structural atom in all organic
Organic Compounds. (Carbon Compounds) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
Organic Compounds (Carbon Compounds) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Carbon s Bonding Behavior Outer shell of carbon has 4 electrons; can hold 8 Each carbon atom can form covalent bonds with
What are the molecules of life?
Molecules of Life What are the molecules of life? Organic Compounds Complex Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Organic Compounds Carbon- hydrogen based molecules From Structure to Function Ø Carbon
Biological molecules
Biological molecules 04-04-16 Announcements Your lab report 1 is due now Quiz 1 is on Wednesday at the beginning of class, so don t be late Review Macromolecues are large molecules necessary for life made
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules. Chapter 5
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Chapter 5 The Molecules of Life Living things made up of 4 classes of large biological molecules (macromolecules) : 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3.
Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms
Elements & Macromolecules in rganisms Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. All compounds can be
Chapter Sections: 3.1 Carbon s Place in the Living World 3.2 Functional Groups 3.3 Carbohydrates 3.4 Lipids 3.5 Proteins 3.
Chapter Sections: 3.1 Carbon s Place in the Living World 3.2 Functional Groups 3.3 Carbohydrates 3.4 Lipids 3.5 Proteins 3.6 Nucleic Acids Student Goals: By the end of this lecture series, students should
Chapter 3- Organic Molecules
Chapter 3- Organic Molecules CHNOPS Six of the most abundant elements of life (make up 95% of the weight of all living things)! What are they used for? Structures, enzymes, energy, hormones, DNA How do
Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds
Lesson Overview 2.3 THINK ABOUT IT In the early 1800s, many chemists called the compounds created by organisms organic, believing they were fundamentally different from compounds in nonliving things. We
Biology: Life on Earth Chapter 3 Molecules of life
Biology: Life on Earth Chapter 3 Molecules of life Chapter 3 Outline 3.1 Why Is Carbon So Important in Biological Molecules? p. 38 3.2 How Are Organic Molecules Synthesized? p. 38 3.3 What Are Carbohydrates?
Macromolecules. copyright cmassengale
Macromolecules 1 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 2 Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent
Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules.
Macromolecules Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent
Composed of long chains of smaller molecules Macromolecules are formed through the process of polymerization
Chapter 5, Campbell Composed of long chains of smaller molecules Macromolecules are formed through the process of polymerization. Polymerization = large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together
Carbon. p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms
Organic Compounds Carbon p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms n Gives carbon the ability to form chains that are almost unlimited in length. p Organic
Introduction to Biochemistry
Life is Organized in Increasing Levels of Complexity Introduction to Biochemistry atom simple molecule What is the chemical makeup of living things? macromolecule organ organ system organism organelle
All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:
Biochemistry Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic
What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials.
What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. It is composed of protons (+), neutrons (0), and electrons (-). The Periodic Table Elements are composed of all
2. In terms of appearance, what is the main difference between a monomer, dimer and a polymer?
Biology Ms. Ye Name Date Block Monomers vs. Polymers 1. The prefix mono- means one. The prefix di- means two. The prefix poly- means many. Based on the given definitions, label the pictures of paperclips
Macromolecules Chapter 2.3
Macromolecules Chapter 2.3 E.Q. What are the 4 main macromolecues found in living things and what are their functions? Carbon-Based Molecules Why is carbon called the building block of life? Carbon atoms
Proteins. Biomolecules. Nucleic Acids. The Building Blocks of Life
Proteins Biomolecules Nucleic Acids The Building Blocks of Life Carbohydrates Lipids Biomolecules are 1. Organic molecules that are (at least 1 Carbon molecule and often chains of Carbon) They all contain.
Macromolecules. Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if you ve forgotten some of it), read the Chemistry Review Notes on your own.
Macromolecules Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if you ve forgotten some of it), read the Chemistry Review Notes on your own. Macromolecules are giant molecules made up of thousands or hundreds
Activity: Biologically Important Molecules
Activity: Biologically Important Molecules AP Biology Introduction We have already seen in our study of biochemistry that the molecules that comprise living things are carbon-based, and that they are thought
Chapter 3. Table of Contents. Section 1 Carbon Compounds. Section 2 Molecules of Life. Biochemistry
Biochemistry Table of Contents Section 1 Carbon Compounds Section 2 Molecules of Life Section 1 Carbon Compounds Objectives Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. Explain the importance of
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2 Carbohydrates are Polymers of Monosaccharides Three different ways to represent a monosaccharide Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are sugars and starches and provide
Macromolecules. Biology
Macromolecules Biology Intro Video https://vimeo.com/83005599 The Importance of CHNOPS CARBON Major structural atom in all organic molecules. Key component in photosynthesis, returned back to the environment
The Star of The Show (Ch. 3)
The Star of The Show (Ch. 3) Why study Carbon? All of life is built on carbon Cells ~72% 2 O ~25% carbon compounds carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids ~3% salts Na, Cl, K Chemistry of Life Organic
Carbon. Isomers. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Carbon Chapter 3 Framework of biological molecules consists primarily of carbon bonded to Carbon O, N, S, P or H Can form up to 4 covalent bonds Hydrocarbons molecule
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules I. Polymers What is a polymer? Poly = many; mer = part. A polymer is a large molecule consisting of many smaller sub-units bonded together. What is a monomer?
2 3 Carbon Compounds Slide 1 of 37
1 of 37 The Chemistry of Carbon The Chemistry of Carbon Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Carbon atoms have four valence electrons that can join with
Carbon. Carbon. Carbon Skeleton 8/25/2016. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Carbon Life as we know it is carbon-based. Biological molecules are built on a carbon skeleton. Small atom with a valence of 4. Carbon Can form up to 4 covalent bonds.
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley
Why Carbon? What does a carbon atom look like?
Biomolecules Organic Chemistry In the 1800 s it was believed to be impossible to recreate molecules in a lab Thus, the study of organic chemistry was originally the study of molecules in living organisms
Chemistry of Carbon. All living things rely on one particular type of molecule: carbon
Ach Chemistry of Carbon All living things rely on one particular type of molecule: carbon Carbon atom with an outer shell of four electrons can form covalent bonds with four atoms. In organic molecules,
Macromolecules. Large molecules made up of smaller building blocks or subunits. Chapter
Macromolecules Large molecules made up of smaller building blocks or subunits Chapter 2.8 2.21 Types of macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Carbohydrates Primary fuel source for
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids Is it made of carbohydrates? Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. A carbohydrate with 6 carbon atoms would have
2.3: Carbon-Based Molecules Notes
2.3: Carbon-Based Molecules Notes Carbon-based molecules are the of life. Bonding Properties of Carbon Carbon forms bonds with up to other atoms, including other carbon atoms. QUESTION: What types of elements
Organic Molecules. Contain C
Contain C Organic Molecules Can form 4 strong covalent bonds Ergo can form many complex, stable molecules Chemistry of life is complex, and requires complex molecules However, several kinds of molecules
What is a Biomolecule?
Biology Unit 03 What is a Biomolecule? Organic molecule made by living organisms Consists mostly of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) But wait What is an Organic Molecule? Organic Molecules: Contain
Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam KEY Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,
Chapter 3: Macromolecules. 1. Carbohydrates. Polysaccharides. Maltose is a disaccharide. Macromolecules (in general) Most macromolecules are polymers
Chapter 3: Macromolecules Macromolecules is just a fancy word for: Giant Molecules Made From Smaller Building Blocks Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Macromolecules (in general) Most macromolecules
What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials.
What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. It is composed of protons (+), neutrons (0), and electrons (-). The Periodic Table Elements are composed of all
the nature and importance of biomacromolecules in the chemistry of the cell: synthesis of biomacromolecules through the condensation reaction lipids
the nature and importance of biomacromolecules in the chemistry of the cell: synthesis of biomacromolecules through the condensation reaction lipids and their sub-units; the role of lipids in the plasma
Biology 12. Biochemistry. Water - a polar molecule Water (H 2 O) is held together by covalent bonds.
Biology 12 Biochemistry Water - a polar molecule Water (H 2 O) is held together by covalent bonds. Electrons in these bonds spend more time circulating around the larger Oxygen atom than the smaller Hydrogen
Introduction to Macromolecules. If you were to look at the nutrition label of whole milk, what main items stick out?
Introduction to Macromolecules Macromolecules are a set of molecules that are found in living organisms. Macromolecules essentially mean big molecules as the word macro means large. The functions of these
Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates
Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates Carbohydrates include sugars and starches Contain the elements C,H,O (H & O ratio like water, 2 H s to 1O), ex. glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 Word means hydrated carbon Classified
½ cup of CHEX MIX contains 13 g of carbs = 4% daily value. How much more can you have the rest of the day??? _4_ = X X= 325 g
BIOCHEMISTRY ½ cup of CHEX MIX contains 13 g of carbs = 4% daily value. How much more can you have the rest of the day??? _4_ = 13 100 X X= 325 g These spinach imposters contain less than 2 percent of
Chapter 2 pt 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Life. Gregory Ahearn. John Crocker. Including the lecture Materials of
Chapter 2 pt 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Life Including the lecture Materials of Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida with amendments and additions by John Crocker Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc..
Macromolecules. The four groups of biomolecules or macromolecules found in living things which are essential to life are: 1. PROTEINS 1.
Macromolecules The four groups of biomolecules or macromolecules found in living things which are essential to life are: 1. PROTEINS 1. CARBOHYDRATES 1. LIPIDS 1. NUCLEIC ACIDS Carbon Compounds All compounds
BIOLOGY 111. CHAPTER 2: The Chemistry of Life Biological Molecules
BIOLOGY 111 CHAPTER 2: The Chemistry of Life Biological Molecules The Chemistry of Life : Learning Outcomes 2.4) Describe the significance of carbon in forming the basis of the four classes of biological
Biomolecules. The chemistry of life
Biomolecules The chemistry of life Knowing Word Parts can help you remember big words in Biochem Mono one, single Di two, double Poly many, much Hydro water (think: hydrate) Bio related to life (think: