A&P 1 Cellular Anatomy, Division & Mitosis - Pre-Lab Exercises
|
|
- Miranda Hawkins
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 A&P 1 Cellular Anatomy, Division & Mitosis - Pre-Lab Exercises Have someone in your group read the following out loud, while the others read along: In this "Pre-lab Guide", we will be going over some of the content seen in the videos. However, this content is for lecture & lab, and you are responsible for it in both places. NOTE: This guide contains a lot of conceptual content which will NOT be on the lab practical. Stick to your word list! The lab itself will mostly be anatomy, pointing at the structures seen here. Introductory paragraph: Putting things in perspective Cells have specific roles in the body. These jobs are performed (mostly) through the production of proteins. Almost everything we talk about in lecture that does something within your body is a protein (insulin, antibodies, neurotransmitters, hormones, digestive enzymes, collagen, etc.). Proteins are strings of amino acids. We ll talk more about that in lecture. But, the amino acids must be strung together correctly for the protein to be able to do its job. The genes found on the genetic material within the nucleus are those instructions. Cells make their proteins using cellular machinery called organelles. One special organelle, called a ribosome, can read the instructions or genetic code found in the genetic material and string the amino acids correctly. Other organelles are providing energy, structure, waste management, and other supportive roles.
2 Step 1. Cell Parts #1 Basic Cell Parts All cells have 3 main regions (see image below): Nucleus Plasma Membrane Cytoplasm (includes organelles) We can talk about the inside & outside of the cell (see image below): Intracellular Matrix= fluid inside cell, (by convention, "down" on the images - see below image). Extracellular Matrix = fluid outside of cell, (by convention, "up" on the images - see below image).
3 #2 Details of the Plasma Membrane SEE IMAGE NEXT PAGE Read Me On the image on the next page, notice that we are "zooming in" to a close-up of the plasma membrane, in order to get a better look. It then looks at the phospholipid bilayer, and a phospholipid molecule. The following notes are lecture notes, but they are pertinent to the image. PM = 2 parallel sheets of phospholipid molecules, with other molecules embedded Embedded Molecules - Most of the PM's metabolic roles arise from 2 MAIN CHARATERISTICS (we will discuss in more detail later): - In order to perform these 2 tasks, there are molecules embedded in the PM. Closer look: PM is a fluid matrix - A CHANGING FLUID MOSAIC PATTERN. Embedded Molecules include: a. Proteins - 1/2 of the membrane by weight; 2 types embedded proteins: 1) INTEGRAL ("A part of") - inserted w/in the bilayer. Some face the environment (inside or outside of cell) on one side. If it goes all the way across the membrane it is a "transmembrane protein". Many are channels in or out of cell. 2) PERIPHERAL - "to the side" - not embedded at all. * Many on extracellular side = enzymes or attachment areas for signal molecules. Also see discussion on carbohydrates below. * Many on the intracellular side attach membrane to CYTOSKELETON = A cell s skeleton (see later discussion during "organelle" section of module). b. Carbohydrates - I m including other molecules with a sugar attached, including some proteins: * The prefix or suffix 'glyco' = sugar, lipo = fat, proteo = protein * Glycolipid = fats with sugars attached. * Proteoglycans - mostly protein, with a carbohydrate attached. * Glycoproteins - mostly carbohydrate, with a protein attached. - All of these face EXTERNALLY (outside) of cell. Help form GLYCOCALYX = "sugar coating" - uses of glycocalyx: (i) Immune system: as identification markers. Immune cells use them to ID "self" from "non-self" cells. (ii) Anchor cell (iii) Lubricate & protect cell (iv) Other uses: too numerous to name all of them!
4 c. Cholesterol - Recall from your biochemistry module: Cholesterol is a steroid = a lipid-based molecule, and lipids are soluble in other lipids. - Cholesterol floats inside the fluid-y matrix, act to stabilize inside the membrane. * Phospholipid molecules are attracted to the cholesterol molecule, so they don't disperse as easily. Make sure you can ID these structures on an image for the lab practical.
5 #3 Organelle Background. Organelle Function - Summary Table Classification & Name Function Special Features/Info Non-Membranous Cytoplasmic Organelles Ribosomes Cytoskeleton Centrioles Perform translation (protein synthesis in the cytoplasm). Series of proteins tubules that give cell shape, and hold organelles in place. Protein tubules that have a special role in mitosis. Ribosomes are proteins, made in the nucleus. Attach to anchor proteins embedded in the plasma membrane. Also help form cilia & flagellum. Basal body of cilia and flagellum is a modified centriole. Centrioles make the spindle fibers during mitosis.
6 Organelle Function - Summary Table (continued) Classification & Name Function Special Features/Info Membrane-bound Cytoplasmic Organelles Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) Golgi Mitochondria Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) Lysosomes Peroxisome Plasma Membrane Special Structures Villus (Villi) Cilia Nuclear Structures Nuclear envelope, with pores Chromatin Produce proteins for export, and modify them (this modification can be several things, all of which get them ready to function!) Package proteins for export, and further modify proteins. Produce ATP. Site of "AEROBIC RESPIRATION". Break down toxins, produce lipidbased molecules Digestive vesicles. Contain hydrolytic enzymes. Digestive vesicles. Oxidative enzymes. Increase surface area of the boundary (plasma membrane) Move substances past the cell's surface, among other things. Allow controlled movement in and out of nucleus Contains the genetic information RERs have ribosomes attached, which perform synthesis of proteins for (mostly) transport out of cell. RER places them in its cisternae (inner branching chambers). Places proteins in Secretory Vesicles, for ex[port out of cell. Contain inner membrane with shelf-like structures called cristae. Studded with enzymes that perform aerobic respiration. Continuous with RER; simply has no ribosomes attached Liver, testes, small intestines: Roles vary. Fuses with Phagosome. Contain oxidative enzymes. They do not move! (see below for comparison) They Move! Double Membrane! Do not call it the "nuclear membrane"! Composed of DNA & proteins. Nucleolus (Nucleoli) Site of active protein synthesis Often more than 1 in the nucleus
7 Step 2. Mitosis #1 Overview of the cell cycle Cells make proteins. They have specific jobs in the body, which they perform, for the most part, via protein production. The genetic material within the nucleus provides the directions to the cellular machinery on how to make the proteins correctly. We ll talk about this in more detail in lecture. During this time, the cell is in INTERPHASE, producing proteins and doing what it was designed to do. After awhile, the cell gets old and worn out, and can no longer maintain homeostasis. The body signals it to divide with any one of a number of hormones; we'll be studying them later. The cell will re-generate everything and split into 2 new cells called Daughter Cells. The 2 daughters will need the genetic material so they can produce the proteins needed. It is essential that they both receive a complete set of instructions. Mitosis is the even distribution of genetic material during cellular division (which is called cytokinesis). But, the genetic material is long and fragile, so before dividing them between the 2 daughters, the chromatin is condensed into chromosomes, to make dividing it evenly easier. In the accompanying image, we can see the genetic material condensing into chromosomes, and the nucleus disappearing, as the cell gets ready for division. The cell then goes into the 2nd major stage of its life: "Cellular Division and Mitosis". From this stage, 2 new Daughter Cells will be formed, replacing the old worn out cell. They will now go into their own Interphase, although that is not being shown on the diagram. Mitosis Arrange the chromosomes correctly so they are distributed evenly! Cytokinesis
8 #2 Chromosome structure The cell only has chromosomes when it is getting ready to divide. Usually, the genetic material is unwound chromatin. It is wound into a chromosome to make dividing it easier. In the image to the right, we first notice that you have two pairs of all your chromosomes (and the genes upon them!). One from Mom, the other from Dad. These are homologous pairs. Why do you have duplicate pairs of all your genes (and the chromosomes they sit on?). That way, if one is bad because it was damaged (a mutation ), you have a spare. MORE IN THE GENETICS SECTION OF CLASS. Then we see the genetic material replicating itself while condensing, forming 2 sister chromatids. Each of the new daughter cells will get 1 chromatid. During the first part of mitosis, we want the 2 sister chromatids to stay together while they are moved around the cell. They are held together using a structure called a centromere.
9 #3 Putting it all together, and the stages of mitosis Both Interphase and Mitosis can be further broken down into individual steps. Here, we will be only looking at the steps of mitosis. When we look at the slides and/or models of mitosis, we'll be seeing the arrangement of genetic material as the cell gets ready to divide.
The Study of Cells The diversity of the cells of the body The following figure shows the proportion of cell size of the variety of cells in the body
Adapted from Martini Human Anatomy 7th ed. Chapter 2 Foundations: The Cell Introduction There are trillions of cells in the body Cells are the structural building blocks of all plants and animals Cells
More informationCells and Tissues 3PART A. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College
PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Cells and Tissues 3PART A Cells and Tissues Carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life
More informationCELLS.
CELLS http://www.aimediaserver.com/studiodaily/harvard/harvard.swf INTERESTING FACTS The longest cells in the human body are the motor neurons. They can be up to 1.37 meters long and go from the spinal
More informationHuman Epithelial Cells
The Cell Human Epithelial Cells Plant Cells Cells have an internal structure Eukaryotic cells are organized Protective membrane around them that communicates with other cells Organelles have specific jobs
More informationBiology 218 Human Anatomy
Chapter 2 Adapted from Tortora 10 th ed LECTURE OUTLINE A. A Generalized Cell (p. 25) 1. A human cell consists of three major parts (see Table 2.2 on p. 42): a. Plasma membrane b. Cytoplasm which includes
More informationStructure & Function of Cells
Anatomy & Physiology 101-805 Unit 4 Structure & Function of Cells Paul Anderson 2011 Anatomy of a Generalised Cell Attached or bound ribosomes Cilia Cytosol Centriole Mitochondrion Rough endoplasmic reticulum
More informationCELL PARTS TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL
AP BIOLOGY CText Reference, Campbell v.8, Chapter 6 ACTIVITY1.12 NAME DATE HOUR CELL PARTS TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM TYPICAL PLANT CELL QUESTIONS: 1. Write the name of the cell part in the
More informationOverview of the Cellular Basis of Life. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Overview of the Cellular Basis of Life Cells and Tissues Cells: Carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life Cells are the building blocks of all living things Tissues Cells vary in length,
More informationSBI3U7 Cell Structure & Organelles. 2.2 Prokaryotic Cells 2.3 Eukaryotic Cells
SBI3U7 Cell Structure & Organelles 2.2 Prokaryotic Cells 2.3 Eukaryotic Cells No nucleus Prokaryotic Cells No membrane bound organelles Has a nucleus Eukaryotic Cells Membrane bound organelles Unicellular
More informationTHE CELL Cells: Part 1
THE CELL Cells: Part 1 OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the 2 types of cells Relate the structure to function for all the organelles TYPES OF CELLS There are two types of
More informationChapter 3: Cytology. Cytology is the study of cells. Cells are the basic units of life. We are made up of trillions of cells.
PLEASE NOTE THAT THE ITEMS IN THE TEXT THAT ARE HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW ARE THOSE THAT ARE TOUCHED ON IN THE READING ASSIGNMENT (PAGES 90-99) AND IN THE LECTURE. ESPECIALLY KNOW THIS MATERIAL FOR THE FIRST
More informationOrganelles. copyright cmassengale 1
Organelles copyright cmassengale 1 Organelles Very small (Microscopic) Perform various functions for a cell Found in the cytoplasm May or may not be membrane-bound 2 Animal Cell Organelles Nucleolus Nucleus
More informationChapter 3: Cells 3-1
Chapter 3: Cells 3-1 Introduction: A. Human body consists of 75 trillion cells B. About 260 types of cells that vary in shape & size yet have much in common B. Differences in cell shape make different
More informationChaffey College: Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 3: Cells - The Living Units
Cell Theory Chaffey College: Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 3: Cells - The Living Units The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life Organismal activity depends on individual and collective
More informationAnatomy Chapter 2 - Cells
Cells Cells are the basic living structural, functional unit of the body Cytology is the branch of science that studies cells The human body has 100 trillion cells 200 different cell types with a variety
More informationCell Structure & Function. Source:
Cell Structure & Function Source: http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/nsc/images/cell.gif
More informationBiology 12 Cell Structure and Function. Typical Animal Cell
Biology 12 Cell Structure and Function Typical Animal Cell Vacuoles: storage of materials and water Golgi body: a series of stacked disk shaped sacs. Repackaging centre stores, modifies, and packages proteins
More informationThe Cell. Biology 105 Lecture 4 Reading: Chapter 3 (pages 47 62)
The Cell Biology 105 Lecture 4 Reading: Chapter 3 (pages 47 62) Outline I. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic II. Eukaryotic A. Plasma membrane transport across B. Main features of animal cells and their functions
More information4/12/17. Cells. Cell Structure. Ch. 2 Cell Structure and Func.on. Range of Cell Sizes BIOL 100
Ch. 2 Cell Structure and Func.on BIOL 100 Cells Fundamental units of life Cell theory All living things are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life. All cells come from pre-existing
More informationCells & Cell Transport. Cells
Cells & Cell Transport Cells Cell Membrane Cell membrane (plasma membrane): a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell Each phospholipid has a polar phosphate head and lipid tails Selectively permeable:
More informationbasic unit structure and function
Chapter 3 Cells Introduction The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things. Cells vary in their shape, size, and arrangements, but all cells have similar components with a particular
More informationObjectives. By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the 2 types of cells Relate the structure to function for all the organelles
Biology 11 THE Cell Objectives By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the 2 types of cells Relate the structure to function for all the organelles Types of Cells There are two types of cells:
More informationStructures in Cells. Cytoplasm. Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules
Structures in Cells Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules Limian.zheng@ucc.ie 1 Cytoplasm Nucleus Centrioles Cytoskeleton Cilia Microvilli 2 Cytoplasm Cellular material outside nucleus
More informationCell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards
Mr. Powner Biology Cell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards Instructions: Cut out the flashcards from the following pages. Use the following words to label the backside of the flashcards. The words are not listed
More informationCell Overview. Hanan Jafar BDS.MSc.PhD
Cell Overview Hanan Jafar BDS.MSc.PhD THE CELL is made of: 1- Nucleus 2- Cell Membrane 3- Cytoplasm THE CELL Formed of: 1. Nuclear envelope 2. Chromatin 3. Nucleolus 4. Nucleoplasm (nuclear matrix) NUCLEUS
More informationPlasma Membrane. comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins separates the cells s contents from its surroundings
Cell Organelles Plasma Membrane comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins separates the cells s contents from its surroundings Cytosol the fluid Cytoplasm cell interior, everything outside
More informationStructures in Cells. Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules.
Structures in Cells Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules Limian.zheng@ucc.ie 1 Cytoplasm Nucleus Centrioles Cytoskeleton Cilia Microvilli 2 Cytoplasm Cellular material outside nucleus
More informationCell Structure and Function. Biology 12 Unit 1 Cell Structure and Function Inquiry into Life pages and 68-69
Cell Structure and Function Biology 12 Unit 1 Cell Structure and Function Inquiry into Life pages 45 59 and 68-69 Assignments for this Unit Pick up the notes/worksheet for this unit and the project There
More informationCells & Cell Organelles. Doing Life s Work
Cells & Cell Organelles Doing Life s Work AP Biology 2009-2010 Types of cells bacteria cells Prokaryote - no organelles Eukaryotes - organelles animal cells plant cells Cell size comparison Animal cell
More informationStructure of a Generalized Cell
A Quick Tour Through A Cell BIO130 Lab 2 Exercise 4 The Cell: Anatomy Structure of a Generalized Cell -plasma membrane -cytoplasm: cytosol organelles -nucleus Play TourOfAnimalCell.mpg Plasma membrane
More information1.3 - Cells. Chapter 3 - Cells
1.3 - Cells Chapter 3 - Cells Cells Cytology = the study of cells All animal cells have 3 main parts: Nucleus Cell Membrane Cell membrane is semipermeable Cytoplasm (cytosol): where remaining organelles
More informationChapter 4: Cell Structure and Function
Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function Robert Hooke Fig. 4-2, p.51 The Cell Smallest unit of life Can survive on its own or has potential to do so Is highly organized for metabolism Senses and responds
More informationCell Category? Prokaryote
CELLS Cell Category? Prokaryote Prokaryote Eukaryote Cell Category? Cell Type? Cell Category? Cell Type? Endosymbiosis eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler prokaryotes Endo within Symbiosis together
More informationThe Cell. BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues. Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire
BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 3 The Cell Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of Hawaii Honolulu
More informationThe Cell. Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Cell Cell Theory The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life The organism activity depends on individual and collective activity of cells Biochemical activities of cells are dictated
More informationCell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards
Mr. Powner Biology Cell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards Instructions: Cut out the flashcards from the following pages. The following word list is the vocabulary for studying cell theory. Write each word on
More informationOrganelles Defined. Class Copy CELL STUDY NOTES Class Copy
Cell Theory States: 1. All living things are composed of cells 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things 3. New cells are produced from existing cells Organelles Defined Golgi
More informationChapter 3 Part 2! Pages (10 th and 11 th eds.)! The Cellular Level of Organization! Cellular Organelles and Protein Synthesis!
Chapter 3 Part 2! Pages 65 89 (10 th and 11 th eds.)! The Cellular Level of Organization! Cellular Organelles and Protein Synthesis! The Cell Theory! Living organisms are composed of one or more cells.!
More informationCells and Tissues. Lesson 2.1: Molecules of Life Lesson 2.2: Cells Lesson 2.3: Tissues
2 Cells and Tissues Lesson 2.1: Molecules of Life Lesson 2.2: Cells Lesson 2.3: Tissues Chapter 2: Cells and Tissues Lesson 2.1 Molecules of Life Molecules of Life carbohydrates proteins lipids nucleic
More informationCHAPTER 4 - CELLS. All living things are made up of one or more cells. A cell is the smallest unit that can carry on all of the processes of life.
CHAPTER 4 - CELLS Objectives Name the scientists who first observed living and nonliving cells. Summarize the research that led to the development of the cell theory. State the three principles of the
More informationLooking Inside Cells
Looking Inside Cells Inner Life of a Cell http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=inside +cell+animation&form=hdrsc3#view=detail &mid=4ba834420ea307a061374ba834420ea 307A06137 Cell Defined Cells-Basic unit
More informationBio10 Cell Structure SRJC
3.) Cell Structure and Function Structure of Cell Membranes Fluid mosaic model Mixed composition: Phospholipid bilayer Glycolipids Sterols Proteins Fluid Mosaic Model Phospholipids are not packed tightly
More informationCells & Cell Organelles
Cells & Cell Organelles The Building Blocks of Life AP Biology 2008-2009 Types of cells bacteria cells Prokaryote - no organelles Eukaryotes - organelles animal cells plant cells Cell size comparison Animal
More informationCell Cell
Go to cellsalive.com. Select Interactive Cell Models: Plant and Animal. Fill in the information on Plant and Animal Organelles, then Click on Start the Animation Select Plant or Animal Cell below the box.
More informationPlants, Animals, Fungi and Protists have Eukaryotic Cell(s)
Cell Structure Plants, Animals, Fungi and Protists have Eukaryotic Cell(s) Plant Cell Animal Cell straight edges curved edges Cell Organization cytoplasm cell membrane Eukaryotic cells have 3 major parts:
More informationCellular Structure and Function
7 Cellular Structure and Function section 2 The Plasma Membrane A cell s plasma membrane helps maintain homeostasis. What You ll Learn how the cell s plasma membrane functions the role of proteins, carbohydrates,
More informationCell Structure Animal/Human
Cell Structure Animal/Human cell is basic unit of all life; structural and functional if its alive, must contain at least a single cell the function of an organism is the summation of functions of its
More informationThe Cell Organelles. Eukaryotic cell. The plasma membrane separates the cell from the environment. Plasma membrane: a cell s boundary
Eukaryotic cell The Cell Organelles Enclosed by plasma membrane Subdivided into membrane bound compartments - organelles One of the organelles is membrane bound nucleus Cytoplasm contains supporting matrix
More informationCell Biology. a review! Cell Theory & Cell Structures
Cell Biology Cell Theory & a review! Cell Structures Cell Theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things. Cells are either prokaryotic or eukaryotic
More informationNotes Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function Hooke looked at cork under a simple microscope and found tiny chambers he named cells.
Notes Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function 7.1 Cell discovery and Theory 1665 Hooke looked at cork under a simple microscope and found tiny chambers he named cells. Cells are the basic structural and
More informationCell Structure. Present in animal cell. Present in plant cell. Organelle. Function. strength, resist pressure created when water enters
Cell Structure Though eukaryotic cells contain many organelles, it is important to know which are in plant cells, which are in animal cells and what their functions are. Organelle Present in plant cell
More informationNUCLEOLUS CELL MEMBRANE MITOCHONDRIA CELL WALL CHLOROPLAST NUCLEAR MEMBRANE VACOULE NUCLEUS ORGANELLE CARD ORGANELLE CARD ORGANELLE CARD
CELL MEMBRANE NUCLEOLUS CELL WALL MITOCHONDRIA NUCLEAR MEMBRANE CHLOROPLAST NUCLEUS VACOULE CENTRAL VACOULE LEUCOPLAST CHROMOPLAST LYSOSOME CYTOPLASM CYTOSKELETON CENTRIOLE RIBOSOME CHROMATIN ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC
More informationCells. Variation and Function of Cells
Cells Variation and Function of Cells Cell Theory states that: 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 3. New cells are produced from
More informationFirst to View Cells. copyright cmassengale
CELL THEORY All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in an organism (basic unit of life) Cells come from the reproduction of existing cells (cell division)
More informationCh. 3 CELLS AND TISSUES. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Ch. 3 CELLS AND TISSUES Generalized Cell All cells: Human cells have three basic parts: Plasma membrane flexible outer boundary Cytoplasm intracellular fluid containing organelles Nucleus control center
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Ch. 7
A Tour of the Cell Ch. 7 Cell Theory O All organisms are composed of one or more cells. O The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms. O All cells come from preexisting cells.
More informationChapter 3: Cells. I. Overview
Chapter 3: Cells I. Overview A. Characteristics 1. Basic structural/functional unit 2. Diameter is too small to see by the naked eye 3. Can be over 3 feet long 4. Trillions of cells in over 200 basic types
More informationCell Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Function Agre and cells in the news Cells Smallest living unit Most are microscopic Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (mid-1600s) Observed sliver of cork Saw row of empty boxes Coined
More informationCytosol the fluid Cytoplasm cell interior, everything outside the nucleus but within the cell membrane, includes the organelles, cytosol, and
Cell Organelles Plasma Membrane comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins Outer surface has oligosaccharides separates the cells s contents from its surroundings Cytosol the fluid Cytoplasm
More informationMr. Powner Biology Cell Structure & Function Quiz Image Guide. Do NOT Write on this page. It is an Image guide for test questions.
Mr. Powner Biology Cell Structure & Function Quiz Prompts 1. The cell s managing structure; it contains most of the cell s genetic material (DNA, which stores information used to make proteins for cell
More informationA. Major parts 1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm a. Contain organelles (see below) 3. Plasma membrane (To be discussed in Cellular Transport Lecture)
Lecture 5: Cellular Biology I. Cell Theory Concepts: 1. Cells are the functional and structural units of living organisms 2. The activity of an organism is dependent on both the individual and collective
More informationHole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition. Chapter 3
PowerPoint Lecture Outlines to accompany Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition Shier w Butler w Lewis Chapter 3 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction
More informationOrganelles in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. Pages 4 5: cell membrane, cytoplasm/cytosol, cytoskeleton, nucleus, chromatin/chromosomes, and centrioles
Organelles in EUKARYOTIC CELLS Pages 4 5: cell membrane, cytoplasm/cytosol, cytoskeleton, nucleus, chromatin/chromosomes, and centrioles Use the info on the following slides to complete pages 4 5 in your
More informationBasic Structure of a Cell. copyright cmassengale
Basic Structure of a Cell 1 Review Facts About Living Things 2 What Are the Main Characteristics of organisms? 1. Made of CELLS 2. Require ENERGY (food) 3. REPRODUCE (species) 4. Maintain HOMEOSTASIS 5.
More information10/13/11. Cell Theory. Cell Structure
Cell Structure Grade 12 Biology Cell Theory All organisms are composed of one or more cells. Cells are the smallest living units of all living organisms. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing
More informationChapter 7. (7-1 and 7-2) A Tour of the Cell
Chapter 7 (7-1 and 7-2) A Tour of the Cell Microscopes as Windows to the World of Cells Cells were first described in 1665 by Robert Hooke. By the mid-1800s, the accumulation of scientific evidence led
More informationCell Structure & Interactions
Cells Structures & Interactions Overview 1830s-Botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann were studying tissues and proposed the unified cell theory All living things are composed of one
More informationCELLS CELL THEORY. There are two types of cells: 9/26/2016 CELLULAR COMPONENTS & PROCESES. Which is more complicated? REMEMBER YOU ARE EUKARYOTIC!
CELLS CELLULAR COMPONENTS & PROCESES CELL THEORY 1. All living things are made up of one or more cells 2. The cell is the smallest unit of life. 3. All new cells come from pre-existing cells. There are
More informationChapters 2 and 3. Pages and Pages Prayer Attendance Homework
Chapters 2 and 3 Pages 44-45 and Pages 59-62 Prayer Attendance Homework The Cell The cell is the basic unit of life on Earth, separated from its environment by a membrane and sometimes an outer wall. Prokaryotic
More informationORGANELLES OF THE ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM
Membranes compartmentalize the interior of the cell and facilitate a variety of metabolic activities. Chloroplasts and a rigid cell wall are what distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell. A typical
More informationOrganelles of the Cell & How They Work Together. Packet #7
Organelles of the Cell & How They Work Together Packet #7 Introduction Introduction Organization of cells is basically similar in all cells. Additionally, most cells are tiny Ranging from 1 1000 cubic
More informationChapter 3: Cell Structure and Function Assignment
Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function Assignment Provide full detail and be specific for full marks. 1. How do these organelles work together? 2 marks each = 10 marks a. lysosomes and vacuoles When material
More informationGoals. Cells. Cells: The Living Units. By the end of this lecture you should be able to describe.
C H A P T E R 2 Cells: The Living Units Goals By the end of this lecture you should be able to describe. Similarities and differences between cells Why cells look and function differently The function
More informationTitle: Sep 10 7:59 PM (1 of 36) Ch 3 Cell Organelles and Transport
Title: Sep 10 7:59 PM (1 of 36) Ch 3 Cell Organelles and Transport Title: Sep 10 8:02 PM (2 of 36) Cell organelles Nucleus: contains DNA Title: Sep 10 8:03 PM (3 of 36) Nuclear envelope double membrane
More informationCells. Unit 3 Cell Structure and Function. Cells. Plasma Membrane
Unit 3 Cell Structure and Function Cells Cell theory The cell is the basic unit of life The cells of all living things exhibit the seven characteristics of life All living things are made of cells Cells
More informationUnit 2:The Cell. Section 3: Organelle Structure and Function Mrs. McNamara Biology
Unit 2:The Cell Section 3: Organelle Structure and Function Mrs. McNamara Biology Organelle-cell part that performs a specific function for the cell Most are surrounded by a membrane Each helps to maintain
More informationEukaryotic Cell Structure
Eukaryotic Cell Structure Vocabulary listed for Chapter 7.3: cell wall, chromatin, nucleolus, ribosome, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vacuole, lysosome, chloroplast, plastid, chlorophyll,
More informationTest Review Worksheet 1 Name: Per:
Test Review Worksheet 1 Name: Per: 1. Put the following in order according to blood flow through the body, starting with the lungs: Lungs, right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, aorta,
More informationCell Structure and Function
C h a p t e r 3 Cell Structure and Function PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College - North Harris 3-1 The study of cells provides the foundation for understanding human physiology
More informationCell Structure Text Ref Pg 4-7, 63-81
Cell Structure Text Ref Pg 4-7, 63-81 The Cellular Basis of Life Before people had a scientific explanation for where life came from, they believed in the theory of spontaneous generation, where organisms
More informationWhat Are Cell Membranes?
What Are Cell Membranes? Chapter 5, Lesson 1 24 Directions Match each term in Column A with its meaning in Column B. Write the letter on the line. Column A 1. cytoplasm 2. cytosol 3. extracellular matrix
More informationBIOLOGY 111. CHAPTER 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life
BIOLOGY 111 CHAPTER 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life Learning Outcomes 3.1 Explain the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
More informationModern Cell Theory. Plasma Membrane. Generalized Cell Structures. Cellular Form and Function. Three principle parts of a cell
Cellular Form and Function Concepts of cellular structure Cell surface Membrane transport Cytoplasm Modern Cell Theory All living organisms are composed of cells. the simplest structural and functional
More informationFirst discovered in 1665 since then every organism observed with microscopes shows cells
The Cell Cell theory (1838): 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells, and the life processes of metabolism and heredity occur within these cells. 2. Cells are the smallest living things, the
More informationCh. 6: A Tour of the Cell
Ch. 6: A Tour of the Cell 1. Compare the 2 Types of Cells PROKARYOTES BOTH EUKARYOTES Domain: Domain: Relative Size & Complexity: Relative Size & Complexity: No DNA in No Examples: Has Has Examples: 2.
More informationBasic Structure of a Cell. copyright cmassengale
Basic Structure of a Cell 1 Prokaryotes The first Cells Cells that lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Includes bacteria Simplest type of cell Single, circular chromosome 2 Prokaryotes Nucleoid
More informationName: Per/row: Cell Structure and Function Practice: Use Ch 4 in Mader Biology
Cell Structure and Function Practice: Use Ch 4 in Mader Biology Name: Per/row: 1. Write the name of the cell part in the box next to its description/function. Cell membrane Centrioles Chloroplast Chromatin
More informationChapter 2: The Cell. Ryan R. Williams, M.D., Ph.D. August 29 th, 2018 West Los Angeles College
Chapter 2: The Cell Ryan R. Williams, M.D., Ph.D. August 29 th, 2018 West Los Angeles College Introduction There are two types of cells in the body: Sex cells Sperm in males and oocytes in females Somatic
More information5/12/2015. Cell Size. Relative Rate of Reaction
Cell Makeup Chapter 4 The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life We previously talked about the cell membrane The cytoplasm is everything inside the membrane, except the nucleus Includes Cytosol = liquid portion
More informationSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1, match the following: 1) Rough endoplasmic reticulum 1) 2) Nucleolus 2) 3)
More information10 m Human height 1 m Length of some nerve and muscle cells eye 100 mm (10 cm) Chicken egg aid n 10 mm
Biology 112 Unit Three Chapter Four 1 Cell Sizes Smallest Bacteria Largest Bird egg Longest Giraffe s Nerve Cell Most Cells Diameter of 0.7µm to 105 µm 2 10 m 1 m 100 mm (10 cm) 10 mm (1 cm) Human height
More informationOrganelles of the Cell & How They Work Together. Packet #5
Organelles of the Cell & How They Work Together Packet #5 Developed by Mr. Barrow 2018 1 Introduction Organization of cells is basically similar in all cells. Additionally, most cells are tiny Ranging
More informationCells & Cell Organelles
Cells & Cell Organelles Doing Life s Work 2009 2010 1 Types of cells bacteria cells Prokaryote no organelles animal cells Eukaryotes organelles plant cells 2 Cell size comparison Animal cell Bacterial
More informationLab 3: Cellular Structure and Function
Lab 3: Cellular Structure and Function What is the basic unit of life? The simplest form of life is the cell! All living things are either: unicellular (only one cell) multicellular (many cells make one
More informationTypes of cells. Cell size comparison. The Jobs of Cells 10/5/2015. Cells & Cell Organelles. Doing Life s Work
Types of cells Prokaryote Cells & Cell Organelles bacteria cells Doing Life s Work Eukaryotes 2009-2010 animal cells plant cells Cell size comparison Animal cell Bacterial cell most bacteria (prokaryotic)
More informationCells. Introduction: Composite Cell: Bi100 Chapter 3
Bi100 Chapter 3 Cells Introduction: A. The human body consists of almost 100 trillion cells that vary considerably in shape and size yet have much in common. B. Differences in cell shape and composition
More informationEarly scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw.
Early scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw. Early scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw. CORK Early scientists who observed cells made detailed
More informationOrganelles of the Cell & How They Work Together. Packet #5
Organelles of the Cell & How They Work Together Packet #5 Developed by Mr. Barrow 2018 1 Introduction Organization of cells is basically similar in all cells. Additionally, most cells are tiny Ranging
More informationStructure and Function of Cells
Structure and Function of Cells Learning Outcomes Explain the cell theory Explain why cell size is usually very small Describe the Fluid Mosaic Model of membranes Describe similarities and differences
More informationA Tour of the Cell Lecture 2, Part 1 Fall 2008
Cell Theory 1 A Tour of the Cell Lecture 2, Part 1 Fall 2008 Cells are the basic unit of structure and function The lowest level of structure that can perform all activities required for life Reproduction
More information