Evalution of flower initiation of raspberry Glen Ample and Tulameen under open field conditions

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Beverly Kelly
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1 Aim Evalution of flower initiation of raspberry Glen Ample and Tulameen under open field conditions Impact of time of flower initation on yield FP7-KBBE-21-4 EUBerry Grand agreement Erika Krüger, Institute of Pomology 1

2 1. Aug 4. Aug 7. Aug 1. Aug 13. Aug 16. Aug 19. Aug 22. Aug 25. Aug 28. Aug 31. Aug 3. Sep 6. Sep 9. Sep 12. Sep 15. Sep 18. Sep 21. Sep 24. Sep 27. Sep 3. Sep 3. Okt 6. Okt 9. Okt 12. Okt 15. Okt Temperature ( C) Geisenheim Mean temperature in August until mid-october for Climate chamber: Glen Ample, day length < 15 h, for 21 days flower initation no flower initation

3 1. Aug 4. Aug 7. Aug 1. Aug 13. Aug 16. Aug 19. Aug 22. Aug 25. Aug 28. Aug 31. Aug 3. Sep 6. Sep 9. Sep 12. Sep 15. Sep 18. Sep 21. Sep 24. Sep 27. Sep 3. Sep 3. Okt 6. Okt 9. Okt 12. Okt 15. Okt Temperature ( C) Geisenheim Mean temperature in August until mid-october for and Glen Ample, day length < 15 h, for 21 days flower initation no flower initation

4 1. Aug 4. Aug 7. Aug 1. Aug 13. Aug 16. Aug 19. Aug 22. Aug 25. Aug 28. Aug 31. Aug 3. Sep 6. Sep 9. Sep 12. Sep 15. Sep 18. Sep 21. Sep 24. Sep 27. Sep 3. Sep 3. Okt 6. Okt 9. Okt 12. Okt 15. Okt Temperature ( C) Geisenheim Mean temperature in August until mid-october for and Glen Ample, day length < 15 h, for 21 days flower initation no flower initation

5 Flower initation of raspberry Williams 1959 stage 2 5th bud from the top was examined 5

6 Temperature and flower initation of Tulameen in 211, Geisenheim mean temperature ( C) flower initation no flower initation date Ø meristem stage No. of days with temperature 15 C ø temperature ( C) 21 th Sept th Oct

7 Ripening period and yield of Tulameen in spring 212 plants were brought into a storage compartment in a weekly interval, starting at 13 th September 211 yield per cane (g) week 1 week 2 week 3 week 4 week 5 week 6 week 7 week 8 week 9 week 1 week 39 week 4 week 41 week 42 week 43 week 44 week 45 week 46 week 47 week 48 week 49 week 4 week 51 Yield per cane (g) definitly stage

8 Temperature and flower initation of Glen Ample in 211, Geisenheim mean temperature ( C) flower initation no flower initation date Ø meristem stage No. of days with temperature 15 C ø temperature ( C) 28 th Sept

9 Ripening period and yield of Glen Ample in spring 212 plants were brought into a storage compartment in a weekly interval, starting at 13 th September 211 yield per cane (g) week 1 week 2 week 3 week 4 week 5 week6 week 7 week 8 week 39 week 4 week 41 week 42 week 43 week 44 week 45 week 46 week 47 week 48 week 49 week 5 week 51 Yield per cane (g) 334 definitly stage

10 Ripening period and yield of Glen Ample in spring 212 plants were brought into a storage compartment in a weekly interval, starting at 13 th September 211 Glen Ample - brought to the storage compartment in week 39 - only few fruits, a lot of laterals are vegetative in the next spring 1

11 mean temperature ( C) Temperature and flower initation of Tulameen in 212, Geisenheim flower initation no flower initation date Ø meristem stage No. of days with temperature 15 C ø temperature ( C) 13 th Sept th Sept

12 Ripening period and yield of Tulameen in spring 213 plants were brought into a storage compartment in a weekly interval, starting at 17 th September 212 yield per cane (g) week 1 week 2 week 3 week 4 week 5 week 6 week 7 week 38 week 39 week 4 week 41 week 42 week 43 week 44 week 45 week 46 week 47 week 48 week 49 week 4 week 51 Yield per cane (g) 35 definitly stage

13 Ripening period and yield of Glen Ample in spring 213 plants were brought into a storage compartment in a weekly interval, starting at 17 th September 212 yield per cane (g) week 1 week 2 week 3 week 4 week 5 week6 week 7 week 8 week 38 week 39 week 4 week 41 week 42 week 43 week 44 week 45 week 46 week 47 week 48 week 49 week 5 week 51 Yield per cane (g) 659 definitly stage

14 mean temperature ( C) Temperature and flower initation of Glen Ample in 212, Langförden 3 25 day length < 15 h flower initation no flower initation date Ø meristem stage No. of days with temperature 15 C ø temperature ( C) 2 th Aug ~2. 14

15 mean temperature ( C) Temperature in Bettingerrode 211 in comparison to Geisenheim Geisenheim Bettingerrode flower initation no flower initation 15

16 mean temperature ( C) Temperature in Langförden in comparison to Geisenheim in day length < 15 h 2 15 Geisenheim Langförden 1 5 flower initation no flower initation 16

17 Flower initiation of Tulameen in 211 and 212 date Ø meristem stage No. of days with ø temperature ( C) Geisenheim th Sept th Oct Geisenheim th Sept th Sept Bettingerrode th Sept Langförden th Aug ~2. 27 th Aug

18 Flower initiation of Glen Ample in 211 and 212 date Ø meristem stage No. of days with ø temperature ( C) Geisenheim th Sept Geisenheim th Sept Bettingerrode th Sept Langförden th Aug ~2. 18

19 Conclusion flower initation for Glen Ample earlier than for Tulameen early transport of raspberries into the storage compartment delayed harvest begin and reduced yield for both varieties in 211, flower intiation took place at both sites after day length reached < 15 h, but was earlier in 212 for the northern site under open-field conditions, at both sites and in both years, no. of days with <15 C mean temperature were less than the postulated time of 21 days (Sønsteby and Heide 28) in 212, ø temperature the weeks the meristem reached stage 2 were clearly higher than 15 C 19

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