27) Parents overwhelmingly rate as the most difficult stage of child rearing. A. infancy B. early childhood C. middle childhood D.

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1 1) A number of studies have found a link between a gene for a particular type of dopamine receptor and which of the following traits? A. neuroticism B. extraversion C. novelty seeking D. conscientiousness 2) The stage of prenatal development during which most miscarriages are likely to occur is the A. zygotic stage B. germinal stage C. fetal stage D. embryonic stage 3) Concern that one's intimate partner might be tempted to spice up his or her sex life by looking for greener pastures reflects most people's intuitive belief in the validity A. of monogamy B. of marriage counseling C. of the Coolidge effect D. of Freud's pessimistic view of human nature 4) Identity foreclosure suggests that the person is committed to goals he or she A. simply took over from others B. arrived at independently C. believes are apt to last only a short time D. arrived at after a long period of decision making 5) The theoretical orientation that argues that psychology should study only observable behavior is A. rational-emotive B. behaviorism C. humanism D. invasive 6) Which of the following individuals is most likely to be good at spotting deceptive impression management in other people? A. the sensation seeker B. the high self-monitor C. the low self-monitor D. the self-actualized person 7) Yesterday little Louis saw his brother climb a tree. Today Louis tried it and fell to the ground, hurting himself. But his mother nevertheless praised him for being a brave boy. Which of the following influences on gender-role socialization are at work here? A. self-socialization and punishment B. self-socialization and extinction C. observational learning and reinforcement D. operant conditioning and classical conditioning

2 8) Trey's older sister is playing a game with him. She hides the ball they are playing with behind her back, and Trey quickly loses interest in the game. He makes no attempt to look for the ball, and instead picks up another toy that is close by. This suggests that Trey has not yet developed A. the ability to assimilate new experiences B. an understanding of object permanence C. a strong attachment to his sister D. sensorimotor patterns of responding 9) Which of the following theories of personality was developed from laboratory experiments, primarily with animals? A. Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalysis B. B. F. Skinner's behavioral view C. Carl Rogers' humanistic view D. Han Eysenck's biological theory 10) Victoria is extremely upset because she has been falsely accused of stealing money from her employer. Her lawyer has suggested that Victoria take a polygraph test to prove her innocence. She asks you whether she should agree to the test. Based on the research into the accuracy of polygraphs, you should tell Victoria that polygraphs A. are extremely accurate, and if Victoria is truly innocent she will pass with no problem B. are inaccurate 25% to 33% of the time C. sometimes wrongly indicate that innocent people are guilty, but are 100% accurate in detecting guilt D. sometimes wrongly indicate that guilty people are innocent, but are 100% accurate in detecting innocence 11) Your needs to learn all you can about philosophy, and understand the inner workings of our political system are examples of needs. A. aesthetic B. esteem C. cognitive D. self-actualization 12) Wanda is very quiet around people in authority, but she can be loud and boisterous among her peers. Which of the following theorists would explain the difference in Wanda's behavior in terms of situational factors? A. Carl Rogers B. Walter Mischel C. Alfred Adler D. Sigmund Freud 13) People who score high in tend to be anxious, hostile, self-conscious, insecure, and vulnerable. A. neuroticism B. extraversion C. conscientiousness D. openness to experience 14) Which of the following statements regarding fat cells and weight loss is accurate? A. Weight loss reduces the average size of fat cells. B. Weight loss reduces the number of fat cells.

3 C. Weight loss will reduce the number of fat cells, but only with regular exercise. D. Recent studies indicate that there is virtually no relationship between weight loss and fat cells. 15) Ruby is an active infant who appears to be somewhat high-strung, and who protests loudly every time her parents try to change her routine in any way. Using the temperament categories outlined by Thomas and Chess, Ruby would most likely be considered to have A. an easy temperament B. a slow-to-warm-up temperament C. a difficult temperament D. an uninhibited temperament 16) Studies by evolutionary theorists of which of the following topics have drawn the most attention? A. hunger B. aggression C. territoriality D. sexual behavior 17) A person who is social, outgoing, impulsive, overly energetic, and in some cases amoral is likely to score high on which of the following clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)? A. hysteria B. paranoia C. hypomania D. social introversion 18) A person high in achievement motivation would be expected to show all but which of the following characteristics? A. greater persistence on tasks B. tendency to seek immediate gratification C. tendency to choose competitive occupations D. tendency to choose tasks of intermediate difficulty 19) The statement, "We need to control cyberporn because it currently is unregulated," is an example of which of the following? A. weak analogy B. false dichotomy C. irrelevant reason D. circular argument 20) A laboratory rat has had part of its hypothalamus destroyed by lesioning. The rat doesn't seem to know when to stop eating, and has ballooned to several times its normal size. In this case, it would appear that portions of the A. ventromedial hypothalamus have been destroyed B. lateral hypothalamus have been destroyed C. parvocellular hypothalamus have been destroyed D. magnocellular hypothalamus have been destroyed 21) Recent studies have detected some subtle differences in the patterns of autonomic arousal that accompany basic emotions such as happiness, anger and fear. The results from these studies lend some support to

4 A. the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion B. Izard's evolutionary theory of emotion C. the James-Lange theory of emotion D. Schachter's two-factor theory of emotion 22) Erik Erikson's developmental stages are organized around potential turning points called A. fixation points B. psychosocial crises C. developmental tasks D. psychosexual crises 23) The need to associate with others and maintain social bonds is referred to as the motive. A. competence B. sociological C. psychosocial D. affiliation 24) Of the factors that may shape development prior to birth, which is the least understood? A. excessive alcohol use B. rubella (German measles) C. fluctuations in maternal emotions D. tobacco use 25) In the 1960s, even though most his friends tried recreational drugs, Sebastian refused to experiment with drugs. He did not think the drugs were likely to be harmful, but using the drugs was illegal and he believes each person has a moral obligation to obey society's rules. Sebastian's reasons for not experimenting with drugs reflect A. preconventional moral reasoning B. conventional moral reasoning C. postconventional moral reasoning D. social moral reasoning 26) According to Freud's theory, repressed sexual desires are most likely to be found in which level of awareness? A. conscious B. unconscious C. preconscious D. collective unconscious 27) Parents overwhelmingly rate as the most difficult stage of child rearing. A. infancy B. early childhood C. middle childhood D. adolescence 28) Scott has just been reprimanded by his supervisor. Later on, Scott begins to "stomp around" and throws a tantrum in front of his co-workers. Scott's behavior exemplifies which of the following? A. a fixation B. projection

5 C. regression D. rationalization 29) Which of the following factors tends to be accompanied by a drop in ratings of marital satisfaction? A. childlessness during early married life B. the birth of the first child C. the first child's departure for college D. when the last child leaves home A. 1 B. 5-8 C D ) Recent studies suggest that about percent of the population could reasonably be characterized as homosexual.

6 4tr1 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1) ANS: C REF: 512 2) ANS: D REF: 433 Correct = 60% 3) ANS: C REF: 398 Correct = 84% 4) ANS: A REF: 461 Correct = 59% 5) ANS: B REF: 499 Correct = 96% 6) ANS: B REF: 515 7) ANS: C REF: 478 Correct = 97% 8) ANS: B REF: 448 9) ANS: B 10) ANS: B REF: ) ANS: C REF: ) ANS: B REF: ) ANS: A REF: ) ANS: A REF: ) ANS: C REF: ) ANS: D REF: ) ANS: C REF: ) ANS: B REF: ) ANS: D REF: ) ANS: A REF: ) ANS: C REF: ) ANS: B REF: ) ANS: D REF: ) ANS: C REF: 436 Correct = 91% 25) ANS: B REF: ) ANS: B REF: ) ANS: D REF: 465 Correct = 88% 28) ANS: C REF: ) ANS: B REF: ) ANS: B REF: 404