Untargeted plasma and tissue metabolomics in rats with chronic kidney disease given AST-120.

Transcription

1 Untargeted plasma and tissue metabolomics in rats with chronic kidney disease given AST-0. Thomas J Velenosi, Anzel Hennop, David A Feere, Alvin Tieu, Andrew S Kucey, Polydoros Kyriacou, Laura E McCuaig, Stephanie E Nevison, Michael A Kerr, Bradley L Urquhart,,4, * Supplemental Figure: Supplemental Figure S. Representative chromatograms of total ionic current (TIC) and extracted ions from a pooled rat kidney sample. Negative electrospray ionization mode TIC (A) and overlaid extracted ion chromatograms (B) of metabolites in Table and Supplementary Table S5 from a single injection of pooled rat kidney sample. Positive electrospray ionization mode TIC (C) and overlaid extracted ion chromatograms (D) are also presented for a single injection.

2 Supplemental Figure S. Principle component analysis with pooled injections in negative ESI mode. Control (n), CKD (l), CKD+AST-0 ( ) and pooled ( ) negative ESI mode principle component analysis of plasma (A), liver (B), heart (C) and kidney (D) tissue in rats. Triplicate injections are shown.

3 Supplemental Figure S. Principle component analysis with pooled injections in positive ESI mode. Control (n), CKD (l), CKD+AST-0 ( ) and pooled ( ) negative ESI mode principle component analysis of heart (A) and kidney (B) tissue in rats. Triplicate injections are shown.

4 Supplemental Figure S4. Correlations between plasma and tissues for 8 gutderived uremic toxins. levels of 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (A), phenyl sulfate (B), indoxyl sulfate (C), p-cresyl sulfate (D), hippuric acid (E), equol 7-glucuronide (F), pyrocatechol suflate (G) and p-cresyl glucuronide (H) were correlated to liver ( ), heart (o) and kidney ( ) levels for control, CKD and CKD+AST-0 groups. Linear regressions (solid lines) are presented with 95% confidence intervals (dashed lines).

5 Supplemental Table S5: Summary of metabolites altered in plasma, liver, heart and kidney tissue in rats with CKD compared to control and CKD+AST-0. Ion t R (min) Mass (m/z) Empirical Formula Mass Error (ppm) Identity Tissue Change compared to Control Change compared to CKD+AST- 0 Direction S-plot VIP Fold P-value Direction Fold P-value Metabolite ID Level E E CHNO[H-].5 L-Tryptophan Liver E-06.E E E E E E E C6H44NO7S[H-].6 Taurocholic acid Liver E E E E E E C5HO6S[H-] -. Equol 4-Sulfate Liver E E E E E E C8H9O5S[H-]. Tyrosol 4-Sulfate Liver E E E E E E C6H44NO6S[H-] -.4 Taurodeoxy(cheno)cholic acid Liver E E E E E E C0HO[H-] -.6 Arachidonic Acid Liver E E E E E E C8HO[H-] -.9 Linoleic Acid Liver E E E E E E E E C6HO[H-] 0 Palmitic Acid Liver E E E E E E C8HO[H-] -.5 Oleic Acid Liver E E E E E E C0H9O[H-] -. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Liver E E E E E E CHO[H-].4 Docosahexaenoic Acid Liver E E E E E E-0

6 0 D-pantothenic Acid C4H7O7[H-] -0. Phenylethanol Glucoronide Glutathione C0H8NO6S[H+] Liver E E E E E E-07 Liver E E E E E E-0 Liver E E E E E E-0 Liver E E CH5O[H-].0 Adrenic Acid E E C9HO7S (-HO)[H-] E E-06 Liver E E E E E E E E-0 Liver E E E E E E-0 Liver E E E E E E-0 Liver E E E E E E-0 Liver E E CH4NO6P[H-]. PE(P-6:0/0:0) E E E E E-0.7.9E-07 Liver E E C9H48OP[H-].4 (PI)0:4) E E C6H5NO7P[H+]..6 -Methoxy-4-Hydroxyphenylglycol sulfate 5 LysoPC(6:0) 6 LysoPC(8:) 7 LysoPE (8:) 8 0 LysoPC(0:4) C9H6NO5[H-] C9H8NO5[H+] C0H6NO6S[H-] C5H5NO9P[CHOOH-] C4H5NO7P[H+] C6H49NO7P[CHOOH-] C6H5NO7P[H+] CH4NO7P[H-] C6H5NO7P[H+] C9H5NO9P[HCOOH-] C8H5NO7P[H+] C7H5NO9P[HCOOH-].5 LysoPC(8:) E E-04 Liver E E E E E E E E-0 Liver E E E E E E-0 Liver E E C5H5NO7P[H-].4 LysoPC(7:0) or LysoPE(0:0) E E E E-08

7 C5H4NO7P[H-].0 LysoPE(0:4) Liver E E E E E E C0HN4O5[H-].7 Inosine Liver E E E E E E CH45NO7P[H-]. LysoPE(8:) Liver E-0 7.8E E E E E C6H4NO6[H-].9 Glycocholic Acid Liver E E E E E E C5H9O4[H+] CH9O4[H+] C0H55NO7P[H+] C9H8NO4[H+] CHNO5[H+] CHNO4[H+] Monoacylglyceride(:6) -Arachidonyl Glycerol LysoPC(:4) Acetyl-Carnitine Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine Butyryl-L-Carnitine E-0.56E-0.57E-0.7E-07.57E-0.56E E-09.5E-0.E E-0.4E-08.E E-0.6E E-0 9.4E-0.60E-0 4.6E E E-0.0E E-0.5E-0 9.7E C5H48NO4[H+] C7H5NO4[H+] C7H6NO[H+] C5H48NO5[H+] CH46NO5[H+] C5H50NO5[H+] C6H55NO7P[H+] C6H55NO6P[H+] C8H55NO7P[H+] Oleolyl, -Octadecenyl, Elaidic, or Vaccenyl Carnitine -cis-icoseneoylcarnitine Hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine -Hydroxy--Octadecenoylcarnitine -(octadecenyl)-sn-glycero--phosphocholine LysoPC(0:) E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E-0.9E E E E E E-0.79E E-0..79E E-0.8.E E E+00 C4H5NO6P[H+] 0.6 -Hexadecyl-sn-Glycero--Phosphocholine E E+00 C8HNO6P[H+] L-Carnitine -Hydroxyoctadecenoylcarnitine LysoPC(8:0) Glycerophosphocholine E E E E-0

8 CH6NO beta-d-ribofuranosyl-,4-dihydronicotinamide E E E E CH4NO4[H+].8 -methylbutyroylcarnitine or pivaloycarnitine E E E E C5H46NO4[H+] CH4O5N[H+].7 Linoleyl or Linoelaidyl Carnitine -Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine E-0.56E E E E E E E-0

9 Supplementary Table S6. Metabolite pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst.0 Number Purine metabolism 5 Phenylalanine metabolism Primary bile acid biosynthesis Fatty acid metabolism Fatty acid biosynthesis Linoleic acid metabolism Pathway Tissue Total Hits Raw p Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism Glycerophospholipid metabolism Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis beta-alanine metabolism Glutathione metabolism Cysteine and methionine metabolism Arachidonic acid metabolism Glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI) -anchor biosynthesis E E E Liver E-.89.0E-09.89E E E-07.6E E E E E E E Liver E E-05.79E E E E-06 0 Liver 0.E E-05.48E Liver E E E Liver Liver Liver Liver 7 5.7E E-0.8E E E-06.4E Liver 8 5.7E E-0.8E E E-06.4E-07 0 Liver E E-05.40E E E E E E E Liver E E-05.40E E E E E E E Liver Liver E E E Liver E E E LOG(p) Holm Adjust Liver E E-0 4.E Ether lipid metabolism Starch and sucrose metabolism Liver E E E Pentose and glucuronate interconversions Liver E E E Note: Total is the total number of compounds in the pathway; Hits are the number of compounds matched in that pathway; the Raw p is the original p value calculated from the enrichment analysis; the Holm p is the p value adjusted by Holm-Bonferroni method; the FDR p is the p value adjusted using False Discovery Rate; the Impact is the pathway impact value calculated from pathway topology analysis. FDR Impact