Ultrasound in Peripheral Nerve Interventions

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1 Ultrasound in Peripheral Nerve Interventions John L. Lin, M.D. Shepherd Center Assistant Clinical Professor Emory University, School of Medicine

2 Outline Ultrasound basics Nerve blocks in physiatric setting Ultrasound with nerve blocks

3 Ultrasound Basics Sound wave energy is transformed when it interacts upon different medium Reflected Absorbed Transformed

4 Sound Wave Transformation Frequency Energy heat, electricity, mechanical energy / vibration etc. Density of median -> impedance High impedance difference -> high echogenicity Mineral, fluid, gas

5 Ultrasound Machines Transforms electricity to ultrasound Receives reflected ultrasound and transforms to electricity Display of digital images

6 Ultrasound transducers Transforms electricity to vibrations of the piezoelectric crystals Higher frequency -> higher resolution, lower penetration MHz

7 J Ultrasound Med 2002; 21:315

8 Sonographic Appearance Fluid anechoic Muscle relatively hypoechoic Tendon hyperechoic Nerve hyperechoic Bone, cortex hyperechoic with acoustic shadow

9 Lateral Medial Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Femur Adductor Magnus Sciatic Nerve Shibata, Yasuyuki, and Misako Harato. Ultrasound-Guided Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block.

10 Doppler Effect Sound wave travelling away decreases in frequency Sound wave travelling towards increases in frequency

11 Doppler Imaging 3%2DVASC%2DBICPA&systemcode=e&div=ultra

12 Anisotropy

13 Anisotropy

14 Nerve Blocks Management of spasticity, contractures Pre-serial casting transient blocks Pre-manipulation blocks Diagnostic / therapeutic

15 Ultrasound Imaging for Nerve Blocks Brachial Plexus Suprascapular Median elbow, carpal tunnel Ulnar Radial Femoral Obturator Sciatic Tibial

16 Brachial Plexus Preparation for regional shoulder manipulations Anesthetic block

17

18 AnaesthesiaUK: Home>>Resources>>Anatomy>>Anatomy for anaesthetists>>applied anatomy for upper limb blocks (August 30, 2011)

19 Brachial Plexus Anatomical Appraoch

20 The New York School of Regional Anesthesia>> Home>> Nerve Blocks >>Ultrasound-Guided Techniques >>Ultrasound-Assisted Nerve Blocks (14/03/2009) (Aug 30, 2011) Brachial Plexus Interscalene Approach

21 Brachial Plexus - Interscalene

22 Brachial Plexus - Interscalene

23

24

25 `

26

27 Brachial Plexus Suprascapular Artery

28 Yasuyuki Shibata. The Suprascapular Artery and the Brachial Plexus.

29 Yasuyuki Shibata. The Suprascapular Artery and the Brachial Plexus.

30 Brachial Plexus - Supraclavicular The New York School of Regional Anesthesia>> Home>> Nerve Blocks >>Ultrasound-Guided Techniques >>Ultrasound-Assisted Nerve Blocks (14/03/2009) (Aug 30, 2011)

31 Supraclavicular Suprascapular Nerve

32 Brachial Plexus Infraclavicular

33 Brachial Plexus Infraclavicular Yasuyuki Shibata. Ultrasound-Guided Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block.

34 Brachial Plexus Infraclavicular Yasuyuki Shibata. Ultrasound-Guided Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block.

35 Musculocutaneous Nerve

36 The New York School of Regional Anesthesia>> Home>> Nerve Blocks >>Ultrasound-Guided Techniques >>Ultrasound-Assisted Nerve Blocks (14/03/2009) (Aug 30, 2011)

37 Musculocutaneous and Axillary AnaesthesiaUK: Home>>Resources>>Anatomy>>Anatomy for anaesthetists>>applied anatomy for upper limb blocks (August 30, 2011)

38 Musculocutaneous and Axillary AnaesthesiaUK: Home>>Resources>>Anatomy>>Anatomy for anaesthetists>>applied anatomy for upper limb blocks (August 30, 2011)

39 The New York School of Regional Anesthesia>> Home>> Nerve Blocks >>Ultrasound-Guided Techniques >>Ultrasound- Assisted Nerve Blocks (14/03/2009)

40 Suprascapular Nerve Preparation for regional shoulder manipulations In conjunction with other blocks Axillary nerve Intra-articular Acromio-clavicular Sub-acromial bursa

41 Suprascapular Nerve

42 Suprascapular Nerve Pain Physician 2007; 10:

43 Pain Physician 2007; 10:

44

45 Median Nerve Diagnostic / Therapeutic blocks Carpal tunnel injections

46 Median Nerve

47

48 Carpal Tunnel Anatomy Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

49 Carpal Tunnel Anatomy Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

50 Carpal Tunnel Anatomy Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

51 Carpal Tunnel Anatomy Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

52 Carpal Tunnel Anatomy Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

53

54 Proximal Carpal Tunnel Probe Placement Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

55 Proximal Carpal Tunnel Probe Placement - Transverse Ultrasound Evaluation for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Viewsono.com

56 Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

57 Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

58 Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

59 Ultrasound Evaluation for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Viewsono.com

60 Ultrasound Evaluation for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Viewsono.com

61 Proximal Carpal Tunnel Probe Placement - Longitudinal Ultrasound Evaluation for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Viewsono.com

62 Proximal Carpal Tunnel Probe Placement - Longitudinal Ultrasound Evaluation for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Viewsono.com

63 Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

64 Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

65 Median Nerve Edema Daniel Shelton, Carpal Tunnel: Bifid Median Nerve -SonoSite Case Study, SonoSite

66 Carpal Retinaculum Release

67

68 Ulnar Nerve Finger / wrist flexor dennervations Pre splinting / casting Epicondylar groove

69 Radial Nerve

70 Femoral Nerve Extensor contracture of quadriceps Diagnosis of the extent of tone versus soft tissue contracture prior to placing a temporary intrathecal baclofen infusion pump

71 Femoral Nerve Lateral Medial

72 Lateral Medial Femoral Nerve Femoral Artery Iliopsoas Muscle

73

74

75 Obturator Nerve Adductor spasticity / contractures Primarily for neurolysis

76 Obturator Nerve

77 Obturator Nerve Rabah, Danny M. and Ahmed K. Thallaj. Phase 1 Study, Safety and Feasibility of Ultrasound Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Surgery

78 Rabah, Danny M. and Ahmed K. Thallaj. Phase 1 Study, Safety and Feasibility of Ultrasound Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Surgery

79 Rabah, Danny M. and Ahmed K. Thallaj. Phase 1 Study, Safety and Feasibility of Ultrasound Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Surgery

80 Rabah, Danny M. and Ahmed K. Thallaj. Phase 1 Study, Safety and Feasibility of Ultrasound Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Surgery

81 Rabah, Danny M. and Ahmed K. Thallaj. Phase 1 Study, Safety and Feasibility of Ultrasound Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Surgery

82 Rabah, Danny M. and Ahmed K. Thallaj. Phase 1 Study, Safety and Feasibility of Ultrasound Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Surgery

83 Rabah, Danny M. and Ahmed K. Thallaj. Phase 1 Study, Safety and Feasibility of Ultrasound Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Surgery

84 US Guided Obturator Nerve Block Rabah, Danny M. and Ahmed K. Thallaj. Phase 1 Study, Safety and Feasibility of Ultrasound Guided Obturator Nerve Block in Transurethral Surgery 18 consecutive men, ages 54-95, mean 69 Mean time for procedure 4.2 min Successful block 97.2%

85 Yasuyuki Shibata. Ultrasound-Guided Obturator Nerve Block.

86 Yasuyuki Shibata. Ultrasound-Guided Obturator Nerve Block.

87 Sciatic / Tibial Nerves Pre-serial short leg casting of ankle contractures Diagnostic block Deformity, e.g. hammer toe refractory to intramuscular motor point blocks Versus diagnostic motor point blocks

88 Sciatic Nerve

89 Sciatic Nerve

90

91

92

93 Sciatic Nerve

94 Shibata, Yasuyuki, and Misako Harato. Ultrasound-Guided Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block.

95 Lateral Medial Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Femur Adductor Magnus Sciatic Nerve Shibata, Yasuyuki, and Misako Harato. Ultrasound-Guided Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block.

96 Shibata, Yasuyuki, and Misako Harato. Ultrasound-Guided Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block.

97 Shibata, Yasuyuki, and Misako Harato. Ultrasound-Guided Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block.

98 Shibata, Yasuyuki, and Misako Harato. Ultrasound-Guided Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block.

99 Shibata, Yasuyuki, and Misako Harato. Ultrasound-Guided Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block.

100 Tibial Nerve

101

102

103

104

105

106

107 Resources Atlas of Ultrasound- and Nerve Stimulation-Guided Regional Anesthesia Anatomical overlay of key muscles Real time videos on DVD

108 Resources Atlas of Ultrasound- and Nerve Stimulation-Guided Regional Anesthesia Extensive list of detailed peripheral nerve blocks

109 Resources Atlas of Ultrasound- Guided Regional Anesthesia: Expert Consult Online videos

110 Resources Ultrasound Guided Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Numerous pain / sensory nerve blocks

111

112 Resources Ultrasound in Anesthetic Practice (with DVD)

113 Resources Critical Care Ultrasonography (with DVD) Alexander Levitov, Paul Mayo, Anthony Slonim

114 Resources Practical Ultrasound in Anesthesia for Critical Care and Pain Management (with CD) Philip M. Hopkins, Andrew R. Bodenham, Scott T. Reeves

115

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