The Relationship between Intermittent Irrigation and Foliar Application of Zinc on yield components of Sweet Corn Varieties

Transcription

1 Serils Publictions The Reltionship between Intermittent Irrigtion nd Folir Appliction... Ntionl Acdemy of Agriculturl Science (NAAS) Rting : The Reltionship between Intermittent Irrigtion nd Folir Appliction of Zinc on yield components of Sweet Corn Vrieties B. Peykrestn 1, M. Yrni 2, H. Mdni 3 *,V. Rshidi 4, nd H. Heidri Shrif Abd 5 Abstrct: In order to evlute growth indices of two hybrids of sweet corn, Chse nd Chllenger under deficit irrigtion nd folir ppliction of zinc compounds, n experiment ws crried out s the split plot fctoril in the form of rndomized complete block design with three replictions in the experimentl field of Fculty of Agriculture, Islmic Azd University of Ark in 2014 nd Different levels of irrigtion pttern included the conventionl furrow irrigtion ( ), fixed every other furrow irrigtion ( ) nd lternte every other furrow irrigtion ( ) in the min plots nd different levels of folir ppliction of zinc in the sub plots s lck of folir ppliction of zinc (control, folir ppliction of wter), use of , 1 Drop zinc sulfte lit h zn use of Fst zinc sulfte lit. h zn3 nd two hybrids of sweet nd super sweet corn. Drought stress in lternte irrigtion cused the significnce decrese of yield components,chlorophil nd crothenoid content so tht the highest prmeters ws observed in the control irrigtion tretment ginst every furrow irrigtion tretment, but there ws no significnt difference between lterntive irrigtion nd control.the results showed tht the interctive effect of tretments on the prmeters ws significnt t 1% probbility level. Keyword: Intermittent Irrigtion, Zinc, Sweet Corn INTRODUCTION Corn (Ze mys L.) is the world s third most importnt cerel fter whet nd rice grown primrily for grin nd secondrily for fodder (Adiloglu et l., 2006).Sweet corn is used s fresh or processed vegetble.sweet corn contins higher kernel protein, oil,strch, sugr contents nd mny other nutrients thn the other mize types(ahmdi et l., 2013). Sweet corn is fvorble for fresh consumption becuse of its delicious tste,delicte crust nd soft nd sugry texture compred to other corn vrieties. The humn body needs nutritious food to sty helthy(alizdeh et l., 2007). Drought is one of the fctors,which thretens the griculturl products in most prts of the world. Shortge of wter, on the other hnd, is n importnt limiting fctor in crop production. Using every other furrow irrigtion is n idel strtegy to reduce irrigtion wter used. Every other furrow irrigtion my reduce the volume of wter used up to 50 percent nd induce decrese in growth nd yield due to the wter stress cused by the smller mount of pplied irrigtion in sme irrigtion frequency (Ashrf et l., 2009; Ayd et l., 2010). Among 1 Deprtment of Agronomy, Tbriz Brnch, Islmic Azd University, Tbriz, Irn. 2 Professor, Deprtment of Agronomy, Tbriz Brnch, Islmic Azd University, Tbriz, Irn. 3 Associte Prof., Deprtment of Agronomy, Ark Brnch, Islmic Azd University, Ark, Irn 4 Assistnt Professor, Deprtment of Agronomy, Tbriz Brnch, Islmic Azd University, Tbriz, Irn. 5 Professor., Deprtment of Agronomy, Tehrn Science nd Reserch Brnch, Islmic Azd University, Tehrn, Irn. * Corresponding Author. Emil: hmdni@yhoo.com Vol. 34, No. 7,

2 B. Peykrestn, M. Yrni, H. Mdni... fertilizers, zinc sulfte fertilizer plys more importnt role in djusting stomt nd ionic blnce in plnt system to decrese stresses cused by wter shortge; therefore,under wter shortge conditions,consumption of fertilizers should be blnced nd optimized nd specil ttentions should be tken to the consumption of zinc sulfte fertilizers (Bsetti et l., 2003; Benjmin et l., 2007). However, it should be noted tht soils of Irn, which re ctegorized under the clcreous soils,due to drought stress, slinity, being clcreous, highly cidity, hving low contents of orgnic mterils,continuing drought, nd continuing unblnced consumption of fertilizers, iron nd zinc contents re too low(alizdeh et l., 2007).Therefore, the plnts which grow in such soils re minly suffered from shortge of iron nd zinc nd shortge indictions re observed in them (Emm et l., 2005).The yield components of tropicl mize vrieties differ considerbly (Benjmin et l., 2007). Yield components cn be modified to some extent by crop mngement nd environmentl fctors. Tdyoun (2009) found tht Zn fertiliztion hd vrying effects on the er number per plnt,er length, nd kernel weight of inbred lines. Compred with smll grin cerels, the kernel weight of mize is reltively flexible; rtificilly reduced seed set cused increses in kernel weight from 0 to 25%,depending on the genotype (Rfie et l., 2003). It is ssumed tht prolific nd semi-prolific mize vrieties djust better to environmentl stresses nd hve greter stbility of performnce cross environments (Slrmndi et l., 2004). The im of our study ws,therefore, to determine the interctive effects of irrigition ptterns nd Zn fertilizer rte on the grin yield nd yield components of sweet corn in Irn. MATERIALS AND METHODS This test ws conducted in griculturl yers of 2014 nd 2015 in split plot fctoriel style in completely rndomized block design in three replictes in the Azd University reserch field of Ark (34 40 N E nd height of 1150 m). The soil of experimentl plot ws lom, ph 7.70,EC 1.20 dsm- 1, orgnic crbon 1.50%,vilble nitrogen 0.02%, phosphorus 0.6% nd potssium 0.2%.Experiment tretments including irrigition ptterns were crried out t three levels of conventionl furrow irrigtion ( ), fixed every other furrow irrigtion ( ) nd lternte every other furrow irrigtion ( ). Subplots were considered with three levels of without zinc spry(control)(zn 1 ), drop zinc spry lit / h (zn 2 )nd fst zinc spry lit / h (zn 3 )nd Chse(v 1 ) nd Chllenger (v 2 ) s sweetcorn vrieties. Generlly, there were 36 subsidiry plots with the surfce re of 20 m2 (5meters NS nd 4 meters WE) which were divided into two rows. Plnting ws performed on 26 My s dry plnting with the density of 7.5 plnts per squre meter.according to the results obtined from the soil nlysis, the required fertilizer ws dded to the frmlnd. To do so, 150 kg of ure, 150 kg of super phosphte nd 100 kg of potssium soleplte per hectre were dded to the soil. Ech plot ws hrvested t mturity for yield nd yield components nd lef re index, dry mtter were mesured ech 15 dys to clculte Lef Are Index (LAI),Crop Growth Rte (CGR), Net Assimiltion Rte (NAR), Reltive Growth Rte (RGR) nd Hrvest Index (HI) ccording to below equtions: v Chlorophyll 12/7(663) -2/69(645) 1000 w (1) v Chlorophyll b 22 /9(645) -4/69(663) 1000 w (2) (mg chl b) Chrothenoid 100(A470) 3/27(mg chl ) 104 (3) 227 Ye HI 100 (4) Yb Comprisons of verge relted to the drought stress nd spry were crried out through Duncn experiment. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Yield components The results of Tble 2 show tht, becuse of the similrity of temperture nd precipittion in the region of two yers testing, the yer ws not significnt on none of the yield nd physiologicl indices.lso None of phenologicl nd physiologicl 2228 Interntionl Journl of Tropicl Agriculture Serils Publictions, ISSN:

3 The Reltionship between Intermittent Irrigtion nd Folir Appliction... prmeters were not significnt ffected by the interction of the experimentl tretments.both drought nd without Zn supply reduced the number of grins per er, number of grins per row, weight of thousnd grins nd biologicl yield. In exmining the interctive effect of tretments it ws observed tht the mximum Plnt height belonged to tretment (lternte irrigtion, fst zinc nd Chllenger hybrid) by cm nd the lowest belonged to tretment (furrow irrigtion, without zinc nd Chllenger hybrid) by cm tht were significntly different t 1% level. These findings re in greement with Emm et l. (2004) nd tddyon (2009) who investigted the effect of drought stress on corn.the men comprison of the effects of tretments showed tht from the full irrigtion tretment to every furrow irrigition tretment, the Plnt height drmticlly dropped by 19.04% which would result in the reduction of chlorophyll in lef nd photosynthesis. In exmining the interctive effects of irrigtion pttern nd zinc, Chllenger hybrid t different irrigtion ptterns hd higher Plnt height thn Chse hybrid ( Vs ), Its Plnt height ws 10.28% more thn the other one. This finding ws in greement with the results of Chker et l (2004). In exmining the interctive effects of the tretments, the folir ppliction of fst zinc by 21.36% increse of Plnt height in comprison with the control tretment nd ws significntly different from drop zinc nd control tretment t 1% level. The results re mtches with results of Chker et l. (2004) nd pyero et l. (2009).The grin number in row nd er nd biologicl yield were significntly ffected by the irrigition ptterns Zn rte interction (Tble 2). Under drought, Zn supply incresed number of grins per er nd biologicl yield bout nd %, respectively, thn without Zn (Tble 2). Also the number of grins per er incresed with Zn ppliction regrd to the wter regime, nd the differences between the supply nd without supply Zn tretments were generlly significnt (Tble 2). Under drought, Zn supply ws similr other minerl supply nd weight of thousnd grins is significntly ffected by Zn supply (Tble 2), lso under full irrigtion, ll of yield components were significntly ffected by zn supply except number of row per er which Which seems to be genetic trit nd Which seems to be genetic trit nd not dependent on environmentl conditions (Tble 2). The 1000 grin weight of drought stressed plnts ws considerbly lower thn tht of wellwtered plnts; the verge reductions due to drought were 17% (Tble 1).Thus, every furrow irrigition tretment formtion decrese in 1000 grin weight nd, to lesser extent, decrese in number of grins per er contributed to lower grin yields due to wter shortge. In studies with US mize, it ws lso found tht grin number ws the yield component most ffected by furrow irrigition wter deficit Tble 1 Meteorologicl dt of Ark field reserch during the growing seson in 2014 Climtic Fctor My Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Precipittion (mm) Men temperture ( C) Men mx. temp. ( C) Men min. temp. ( C) RH (%) Tble 1() Soil physicl nd chemicl chrcteristics percent% ppm percent% Soil texture E.C ph SP O.C N P K Fe Zn Mn Cu snd silt cly lom Vol. 34, No. 7,

4 B. Peykrestn, M. Yrni, H. Mdni... Tble 2 Anlysis of vrince effects of irrigition ptterns nd Zn fertilizer on Sweetcorn genotypes Men squre sov HI Plnt Thousnd Seed Row Seed Biolog- Chloro- Chloro- crothheight seed per per yield icl phil philb enoid weight row er yield Yer n.s ns n.s 9.98 n.s 0.21 n.s n.s 71.5 n.s ns ns ns Rep(yer) n.s ns n.s n.s n.s n.s n.s ns ns ns Irrigition ** ** ** ** 0.51 n.s ** ** 0.23** **.0220 * Y*I n.s ns n.s 8/87 n.s 0.44 n.s n.s n.s ns ns ns Error ** ** ** ** 0.41 n.s ** ** 0.06** ** * Y* Zn n.s ns 8.41 n.s 9/94 n.s 0.36 n.s n.s n.s ns n s ns I*11.363** ** ** ** 0.36 n.s ** ** ** ** ** Y* I*Zn n.s ns 7.22 n.s n.s 0.25 n.s n.s n.s ns ns 0.36 ns Vriety ** 156 ** ** ** n.s ** ** 0.306** ** ** Y*V n.s ns 6.77 n.s 23/9 n.s 0.26 n.s n.s n.s ns ns 0.16 ns I*24.464** ** ** ** n.s ** ** * * *** Y* I*V n.s ns 7.54 n.s 9/87 n.s 0.33 n.s n.s n.s ns ns ns Zn*20.036** ** ** ** n.s ** ** ** ** ** Y* Zn*V n.s ns 6.24 n.s 9/64 n.s 0.37 n.s 22.4 n.s n.s ns ns ns * I*Zn*36.077** ** ** ** n.s ** ** ** ** * Y*I*Zn*V n.s ns 7.55 n.s 9/88 n.s 0.33 n.s 33.3 n.s n.s ns ns ns Error Cv (%) * nd**: significnt t the 5% nd 1% levels, respectively, ns: non significnt tretment Plnt Thousnd Seed Row Seed Biologicl HI Chloro- Chloro- crothheight seed per per yield yield (%) phil phil b enoid (Cm) weight row er (kg/ (gr/m 2 ) (gr/ (gr/ (gr/ (gr) h) gfw) gfw) gfw) Yer 1 175/80 300/25 23/52 13/ / /21 0/821 0/412 0/301 Yer 2 170/54 305/27 24/02 12/ / /22 0/756 0/402 0/ / /950 24/278 13/ / /633 0/895 0/477 0/319 98/333 b 313/467b 21/333 b 13/ /833 b 1933 b 46/893 b 0/679 b 0/412 b 0/275 b 115/ /428 24/022 13/ / /688 0/887 0/476 0/ /944 c 305/494 c c 24/078 13/ /722 c 1591 c 50/008 b 0/595 c 0/377 c 0/219 c 113/444 b 305/850 b 23/90 b 13/ /389 b 2411 b 50/003 b 0/679 b 0/412 b 0/275 b 124/ /50 23/833 13/ / /203 0/887 0/476 0/ /556 b 286/77 b 21/889 c 12/ /185 b 2234 b 42/067 b 0/779 b 0/412 b 0/285 b 118/ /452 23/852 12/ / /075 0/891 0/476 0/311 98/667 d 307/766 c 23/333 b 13/ /167 f 2431 c 50/477 d 0/895 0/477 0/ /50 b c 309/333 23/21 c 13/ /833 d 2314 d 50/728 d 0/865 0/412 b 0/ /00 318/85 23/50 b 13/ / d 50/693 d 0/841 b 0/476 0/ /77 c e 299/303 23/50 13/ /167 e 1532 f 47/103 e 0/645 d 0/377 c 0/219 c 2230 Interntionl Journl of Tropicl Agriculture Serils Publictions, ISSN:

5 The Reltionship between Intermittent Irrigtion nd Folir Appliction... (contd... Tble 2b) tretment Plnt Thousnd Seed Row Seed Biologicl HI Chloro- Chloro- crothheight seed per per yield yield (%) phil phil b enoid (Cm) weight row er (kg/ (gr/m 2 ) (gr/ (gr/ (gr/ (gr) h) gfw) gfw) gfw) 98/667 d 299/10 23/20 c 13/ /500 e 1451 f 46/548 f 0/683 c 0/312 e 0/225 d 116/667 b c 302/267 23/50 b 13/ /833 e 1601 e 47/027 e 0/70 bc 0/326 d 0/229 d 127/50 309/863 b 24 b 13/ /833 c 2412 c 52/443 c 0/875 0/412 b 0/305 b 97/167 d b 309/217 22/50 d 13/ /833 b 2542 b 52/732 b 0/872 0/476 0/ / /383 22/50 d 13/ / /888 0/888 0/476 0/ /778 b 314/411 24/02 13/ /667 c /569 c 0/865 0/412 b 0/ /333 d 309/489 24/15 13/ /444 d 2351 b 50/697 c 0/841 b 0/416 0/ /111 c 312/556 c 24/167 13/ /222 e 1532 e 47/071 e 0/645 d 0/377 c 0/229 b 110/556 b b 314/378 24/01 13/ /444 e 1425 e 46/714 e 0/683 c 0/312 e 0/225 b 110/778 b 317/367 b 23/90 b 13/ /667 b 2345 b 52/562 b 0/872 0/326 d 0/ / /489 23/98 b 13/ / /813 0/888 0/421 0/216 c 100/00 d 301/444 e 24/03 b 13/ /000 e 2001 d 49/964 d 0/675 d 0/321 c 0/219 c 121/889 d b 309/544 24/556 12/ /444 f 2012 d 50/051 c 0/651 d 0/316 c 0/ /111 e 304/256 d 23/667 c 12/ /000 d 2514 b 49/990 d 0/755 c 0/377 c 0/229 b 106/778 e c 307/444 c 23/333 13/ / c 50/016 c 0/793 c 0/312 e 0/225 b 122/556 d 338/633 24/04 13/ /556 b /248 b 0/882 0/426 0/ /00 326/367 b 23/67 13/ / /158 0/898 0/429 0/316 (Bssetti et l., 2003). The effects of drought on 1000 grin weight were more distinct in our study thn in tht of benjmin et l. (2007), which ws lso conducted on Frm Suwn in the dry seson. The men comprison of the effects of tretments showed tht from the full irrigtion tretment to every furrow irrigition tretment, the Thousnd seed weight drmticlly dropped by 21.34% which would result in lck of pproprite sink nd source. In exmining the interctive effects of irrigtion pttern nd zinc, Chllenger hybrid t different irrigtion ptterns hd higher Thousnd seed weight thn Chse hybrid ( Vs ), it is 9.7% more thn the other one. This finding ws in greement with the results of Polo et l (2011) nd Debke et l (2004). In exmining the interctive effects of the tretments, the folir ppliction of fst zinc by 18.16% increse of Thousnd seed weight in comprison with the control tretment nd ws significntly different from drop zinc nd control tretment t 1% level. The results re mtches with results of Mjidin et l. (2002). Ayd et l. (2010)were investigted effects of wter stress on yield nd yield components nd found tht wter deficit stress during vegettive period until grin filling reduce the product becuse of the effect of fertility ers. Eck (1986) reported tht the dverse effect of drought stress on the grin number ws compensted for by n increse in 1000 grin weight. Low 1000 grin weight due to drought stress, s found in our experiments, my indicte tht the plnts were unble to fully meet the demnd of the growing grin.mjidin et l. (2002) reported tht erly drought stress probbly reduced the cpcity of ssimilte production nd.or storge during grin filling. The cpcity of mize grins to store ssimiltes is function of the number of endosperm cells nd strch grnules estblished during the first dys fter pollintion (Blnos et l., 2005). Thus,reduced ssimilte production due to smll green lef re, reduced cpcity to store ssimiltes due to short internodes, or high levels of endogenous bscisic cid (ckir et l., 2004) during the bovementioned criticl period my hve limited Vol. 34, No. 7,

6 B. Peykrestn, M. Yrni, H. Mdni... the 1000 grin weight in our study.according to the results, the Biologicl yield of evey furrow irrigition ws 32% lower thn tht of well-wtered mize in control condition (Tble 2). The biologicl yield reductions re well within the rnge of yield decreses due to wter deficit (Ayd et l,2010). tht were significntly different t 1% level. Similr effects were found in previous studies (Pnley et l., 2006). In the present study, Zn supply resulted in mximum biologicl yield under full irrigtion, wheres without Zn resulted in minimum biologicl yield under every furrow irrigition tretment. The results of nlyzing dt vrince showed the interction between drought stress nd zinc sprying on seed yield to be significnt t 1% probbility level (Tble 3). The highest biologicl yield ws relted to the ppliction of zinc in the full irrigtion conditions tretment (lternte irrigtion, fst zinc nd Chllenger hybrid) by 2698 gr.m 2 nd its lowest vlue ws relted to the lck of ppliction of zinc in tretment (furrow irrigtion, without zinc nd Chllenger hybrid) by 1254 gr.m 2 tht were significntly different t 1% level(tble 3). In exmining the interctive effects of irrigtion pttern nd zinc, Chllenger hybrid t different irrigtion ptterns hd higher biologicl yield thn Chse hybrid (2451 Vs. 2234), it is 10.73% more thn the other one. This finding ws in greement with the results of Perry et l (2011) nd Pyero et l (2009). Chlorophyll nd Crotenoid The ANOVA results showed tht the effect of irrigtion pttern t 1% level nd the effects of folir ppliction of zinc nd the effects of different genotypes nd their interctive effects on Chlorophyll were significnt t 1% probbility level. The comprison of vrieties showed tht Chllenger hd the highest chlorophyll (0.889 gr.grfw)compred to chse hybrid(0.779 gr.grfw) during full irrigtion,lterntive nd furrow irrigition condition by 14.37%.In exmining the interctive effect of tretments it ws observed tht the mximum Chlorophyll belonged to tretment (control irrigtion, fst zinc nd Chllenger hybrid) by gr.grfw nd the lowest belonged to tretment (furrow irrigtion, Drop zinc nd Chse hybrid) by gr.grfw tht were significntly different t 1% level. These findings re in greement with Friedrick et l. (2012) nd Ghtvi (2012) who investigted the effect of drought stress on corn. The men comprison of the effects of tretments showed tht s the stress incresed from the full irrigtion tretment to furrow irrigtion tretment, Chlorophyll drmticlly dropped by 28.47% which would result in the reduction of LAI by 31.81% nd reduction in CGR too. In exmining the interctive effects of irrigtion pttern nd zinc, Chllenger hybrid t different irrigtion ptterns hd MORE STABILITY ABOUT Chlorophyll thn Chse hybrid which Its Chlorophyll ws 14.21% more thn the other one. This finding ws in greement with the results of Benjmin et l., (2007). In exmining the interctive effects of the tretments, the folir ppliction of fst zinc with 22.18% increse of Chlorophyll in comprison with the control tretment ws effective in the increse of Chlorophyll nd ws significntly different from drop zinc nd control tretment t 1% level. zn ppliction for sweet corn by Yzdni et l. (2006) hs led to the increse of Chlorophyll in greement with our results. kmn et l. (2011) reported tht Drought stress cn be substntilly reduced Chlorophyll of the corn And thereby reduce plnt biomss. Our result is in greement with Sho et l. (2004) nd Khytnezhd et l., (2011) who stted tht chlorophyll could stops in severe wter shortges. The comprison of vrieties showed tht Chllenger hd the highest chlorophyll b (0.476 gr.grfw)compred to chse hybrid(0.412 gr.grfw) during full irrigtion,lterntive nd furrow irrigition condition by 15.53%. Khytnezhd et l. (2011) reported similr results. In exmining the interctive effect of tretments it ws observed tht the mximum Chlorophyll belonged to tretment (lternte irrigtion, fst zinc nd Chllenger hybrid) by gr.grfw nd the lowest belonged to tretment (furrow irrigtion, Drop zinc nd Chse hybrid) by gr.grfw tht were significntly different t 1% level. These findings re in greement with Niyni khmsi et l. (2006) nd Ghtvi (2012) who investigted the effect of drought stress on corn. The men comprison of the effects of tretments 2232 Interntionl Journl of Tropicl Agriculture Serils Publictions, ISSN:

7 The Reltionship between Intermittent Irrigtion nd Folir Appliction... Tble 3 Men comprisons interction effects of irrigition ptterns, Zn fertilizer nd Sweetcorn genotypes tretment Plnt Thousnd Seed Row Seed Biologicl HI Chloro- Chloro- crothheight seed per per yield yield (%) phil phil b enoid (Cm) weight row er (kg. (kg. (g) h -1 ) h -1 ) h b i c c c i 2456 b c g c c b b e 2351 c c b c cd c b f 2354 c c b d cd d d de c b c h f i 1254 h e h jk h bc f f 1542 e g i i i g hi de i 1652 e f g g e g g 1325 g h h i i cd f e i j j b b h 1664 f f jk j j c bc c b f ef c d d 2145 d b f ef g e e b 2451 b e f ef ef 311 b e f de de b c b b common letters in ech column re not significntly different for ech tretment. showed tht s the stress incresed from the full irrigtion tretment to furrow irrigtion tretment, Chlorophyll b drmticlly dropped by 32.31% which would result in the reduction of Chlorophyll nd reduction in LAI too. In exmining the interctive effects of irrigtion pttern nd zinc, Chllenger hybrid t different irrigtion ptterns hd more stbility bout Chlorophyll b thn Chse hybrid which Its Chlorophyll ws % more thn the other one. This finding ws in greement with the results of Moison et l., (2006). In exmining the interctive effects of the tretments, the folir ppliction of fst zinc with 24.18% increse of Chlorophyll b in comprison with the control tretment ws effective in the increse of Chlorophyll b nd ws significntly different from drop zinc nd control tretment t 1% level. zn ppliction for sweet corn by Yzdni et l. (2006) hs led to the increse of Chlorophyll b in greement with our results.niyni khmsi et l. (2006) reported tht Drought stress cn be substntilly reduced Chlorophyll b of the corn And thereby reduce plnt biomss. Our result is in greement with Sho et l. (2004) nd Khytnezhd et l., (2011) who stted tht chlorophyll could stops in severe wter shortges. In exmining the interctive effect of tretments it ws observed tht the mximum Crotenoid belonged to tretment (full irrigtion, fst zinc nd Chllenger hybrid) by mg.g -1 nd the lowest belonged to tretment (furrow irrigtion,drop zinc nd Chse hybrid) by mg.g -1 tht were significntly different t 1% level by 49.04%. These findings re in greement with Slrdini et l. (2004) nd Snders (2014).The men comprison of the effects of tretments showed tht s the stress incresed from the full irrigtion tretment to lternte irrigtion tretment, the Crotenoid drmticlly dropped by 36.38% which would result in the reduction of chlorophyll in lef by 31.81%. In exmining the interctive effects Vol. 34, No. 7,

8 B. Peykrestn, M. Yrni, H. Mdni... of irrigtion pttern nd zinc, Chllenger hybrid t different irrigtion ptterns hd higher lef re index thn Chse hybrid Vs ), Its Crotenoid ws 9.12% more thn the other one. This finding ws in greement with the results of Rkers (2013), Rhnm (2006) nd Pyero (2009). In exmining the interctive effects of the tretments, the folir ppliction of fst zinc with 21.12% increse of Crotenoid in comprison with the control tretment. Loongenecker et l. (2009) nd Lyer et l. (2003) reported tht drought stress is the most importnt prmeter in decrese of Crotenoid nd ws significntly different from minerl ppliction nd control tretment t 1% level. CONCLUSION Generlly, the results of the reserch indicted tht the drought stress llied in irrigtion tretments s lternte irrigtion reduced plnt height, thousnd seed weight, yield nd yield components nd Chlorophyll nd Crotenoids.. The highest reduction in yield components ws relted to the stress resulting from every furrow irrigition pttern, but the ppliction of lterntive irrigtion pttern, due to successive double-sided irrigtion of the roots led to more effective bsorption of irrigting wter nd consequently reduced the effects of drought stress. However, in ll cses the lterntive irrigtion tretment could compenste for the wter deficit of crops nd mde the control tretment not be different from lternte irrigtion tretment. According to the results of the reserch it cn be sid tht t the reproductive stge which is the most sensitive stge of mize to drought stress, the irrigtion must be done in ccordnce to the plnt need to chieve the mximum yield. In ddition, with regrd to the slight decrese of performnce in lterntive irrigtion pttern, in cse of wter restriction which is quite evident nowdys in lmost ll rid nd semirid res of Irn, it is possible to llocte the best mount of irrigting wter to the plnt by using this irrigtion pttern t vegettive nd reproductive stges nd chieve suitble yield. The review of the interctive effect of irrigtion ptterns indicted tht under drought conditions nd without stress, Chllenger hybrid which is one of the hybrids of super sweet corn nd which hs recently entered into Irn nd Mrkzi Province hd good stble yield (grin yield). Therefore, with regrd to its short growth period s the second plnting fter the hrvest of crops such s fll whet nd brley, Chllenger hybrid cn be cultivted in the re becuse its drop is less thn Chse hybrid in cse of pplying stress. Menwhile, Chse hybrid lso hs firly good yield s hybrid of sweet corn. Folir ppliction of zing hs significnt effect on yield nd yield components nd physiologicl prmeters of corn, so tht we witnessed 11.65% of the increse of grin yield in fst zinc tretment thn the control tretment without folir ppliction of zinc which could result from the stimultion of grin metbolism nd consequently the prevention of dmge to proteins, chlorophyll, nucleic cids nd enzymes which cuse the growth of plnt chlorophyll nd its higher storge in grins. According to the results of the reserch, in cse of wter restriction, the lternte irrigtion pttern cn be pplied becuse the decrese of yield in such conditions ws insignificnt in comprison to the norml irrigtion prticulrly in Chllenger hybrid. Moreover, the folir ppliction of zinc, prticulrly zinc sulfte with fst zinc composition leds to the stble yield in stress conditions which cn be proposed to the frmers in Mrkzi Province nd Ark. Refrences Adiloglu, A, nd S. Adiloglu. (2006), The Effect of Boron (B) Appliction on the growth nd nutrient contents of mize in zinc (Zn) deficient soils. Reserch Journl of Agriculture nd Biologicl Sciences. 2:1-4 Ahmdi, J., H.Zieinl, M.A.Rostmi nd R.Chogun. (2013), Study of drought resistnce in commercilly lte mturing dent corn hybrids.irnin Journl of Agriculturl Science 31: (In Frsi). Alizdeh, O., E.Mjedi, H.A.Ndin, Gh.Nourmohmmdi nd M.R.Amerin. (2007), Effect of wter stress nd different nitrogen rtes on phenology, growth nd development of corn.journl of Agriculturl Sciences nd Nturl Resources 14: (In Frsi). Ashrf, M. (2009), Biotechnologicl pproch of improving plnt slt tolernce using ntioxidnts s mrkers. Biotechnology Advnces. 27: Benjmin D.S.nd J.T.Ritchie. (2007), Short-nd long-term responses of corn to pre-nthesis soil wter deficit.agronomy Journl 84: Interntionl Journl of Tropicl Agriculture Serils Publictions, ISSN:

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