Healthful Living Final Review

Transcription

1 Healthful Living Final Review

2 Chapter 1 Understanding Health and Wellness

3 The three parts of the health triangle include: Physical Health Mental/Emotional Health Social Health

4 What types of things influence your overall health? Heredity Environment Attitude Behavior Technology

5 Heredity refers to all the traits that were biologically passed on to you from your parents.

6 Risky Behaviors are actions that can potentially threaten your health or the health of others.

7 are related risks that increase in effect with each added risk. Cumulative Risks

8 is to take steps to keep something from happening or getting worse. Prevention

9 Abstinence A deliberate decision to avoid high-risk behaviors including sexual activity and the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.

10 a person s capacity to learn about and understand basic health information and services to use these resources to promote one s health and wellness. Health Literacy

11 Chapter 2 Taking Charge of Your Health

12 Short-Term Goal a goal you can reach in a short period of time.

13 is a goal that you plan to reach over an extended period of time. Long-Term Goal

14 are the ideas, beliefs, and attitudes about what is important that help guide the way you live your life. Values

15 HELP Strategy H Healthful E Ethical L Legal P Parent Approval

16 Chapter 4 Managing Stress and Coping with Loss

17 Stressor Anything that causes stress.

18 stress associated with long-term problems that are beyond a person s control. Chronic Stress

19 Relaxation Response Being in a calm state.

20 Stages of Grief Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Remorse Acceptance Hope

21 Closure The acceptance of a loss.

22 Coping Dealing successfully with difficult changes in your life.

23 is the act of showing sorrow and grief. Mourning

24 Traumatic Event Any event that has a stressful impact sufficient to overwhelm your normal coping strategies.

25 Chapter 5 Mental and Emotional Problems

26 is the condition of feeling uneasy or worried. Anxiety

27 Depression A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness.

28 Apathy A lack of strong feeling, interest, or concerns.

29 Warning Signs of Depression Persistent sad or irritable mood Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed Significant change in appetite or body weight Difficulty sleeping or oversleeping Physical signs of nervousness Loss of energy Feelings of worthlessness Difficulty Concentrating Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

30 is a mark of shame or disapproval that results in an individual being shunned or rejected by others. Stigma

31 is an illness that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living. Mood Disorder Bipolar Disorder is a mood disorder.

32 is a series of suicides occurring within a short period of times and involving several people in the same school or community. Cluster Suicides

33 Warning Signs of Suicide Direct statements such as I wish I were dead Direct or indirect suicide threats An unusual obsession with death Withdrawal from friends Giving away personal items Substance abuse Intolerance of praise or rewards

34 When Should You Seek Help? Feeling trapped or worrying all the time Feelings that affect sleep, eating habits, schoolwork, job performance, and relationships Becoming involved with alcohol or other drugs Becoming increasingly aggressive, violent, or reckless

35 Chapter 6 Skills for Healthy Relationships

36 Qualities of Healthy Relationships Mutual Respect Caring Honesty Committment

37 3 C s of a Healthy Relationship Communication Cooperation Compromise

38 Being means being overly forceful, pushy or hostile. Aggressive

39 Passive Unwilling or unable to express thoughts and feelings in a direct or firm manner.

40 Assertive Expressing your views clearly and respectfully.

41 is a statement that focuses on your feelings rather than on someone else s behavior I Messages

42 an unfair opinion or judgment of a particular group of people. Prejudice

43 Stereotype An exaggerated or oversimplified belief about people who belong to a certain group.

44 is the ability to accept others differences. Tolerance

45 Bullying Deliberately harming or threatening other people who cannot easily defend themselves.

46 Hazing Making others perform certain tasks in order to join the group.

47 The influence the people your age may have on you is called. Peer Pressure

48 The act of persistently annoying another person. Harassment

49 Methods of Manipulation Making Threats Blackmail Mocking or Teasing Guilt Trips Bargaining Flattery Bribing

50 Refusal Skills Step 1: State Your Position Step 2: Suggest Alternatives Step 3: Stand Your Ground

51 Chapter 10 Nutrition for Health

52 Hunger The natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body s need for food.

53 Appetite The psychological desire for food.

54 Nutrients These are substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy.

55 Carbohydrates Starches and sugars found in foods, which provide your body s main source of energy.

56 Fiber A tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest.

57 Proteins Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues.

58 Cholesterol A waxy, fatlike substance that can be found in your blood stream.

59 Vitamins Compounds found in food that help regulate many body processes

60 Chapter 11 Managing Weight and Eating Behaviors

61 Metabolism The process by which the body breaks down substances and gets energy from food.

62 Body Mass Index (BMI) A measure of body weight relative to height.

63 Overweight Being heavier than the standard weight range for your height.

64 Underweight Being below the standard weight range for your height.

65 Obese Having an excess of body fat.

66 Fad Diet Weight-loss plans that tend to be popular for only a short time.

67 Weight Cycling A repeated pattern of losing and regaining body weight.

68 Anorexia-Nervosa An eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves.

69 Bulimia-Nervosa An eating disorder that involves cycles of overeating and purging, or attempts to rid the body of food.

70 Binge Eating Disorder An eating disorder in which people overeat compulsively.

71 Chapter 12 Physical Activity and Fitness

72 Cardiorespiratory Endurance The ability of your heart, lungs, and blood vessels to send fuel and oxygen to your tissues during long periods of moderate to vigorous activity. Pacer Test

73 Muscular Strength The amount of force your muscles can exert. Push-Up Test

74 Muscular Endurance The ability of your muscles to perform physical tasks over a period of time without tiring. Push-Up and Sit-Up Test

75 Flexibility The ability to move your body parts through their full range of motion. Sit-n-Reach Test

76 Aerobic Exercise All rhythmic activity that uses large muscle groups for an extended period of time. Jogging, Swimming, Riding a Bike

77 Anaerobic Exercise Intense, short bursts of activity in which the muscles work so hard that they produce energy without using oxygen. Sprinting or Lifting Weights

78 Specificity Choosing the rights types of activities to improve a given element of fitness.

79 Overload Exercising at a level that s beyond your regular daily activities.

80 Progression Gradually increasing the demands on your body.

81 Warm-Up/Cool-Down Gentle cardiovascular activity that prepares the muscles for work. Low-level activity that prepares your body to return to a resting rate.

82 FITT Formula F Frequency I Intensity T Type of Activity T Time of Workout

83 Resting Heart Rate The number of times your heart beats per minute. Before checking the RHR one should sit quietly for 5 minutes.

84 Chapter 20 Tobacco

85 Carbon Monoxide The colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas that is found in cigarette smoke.

86 Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Brain chemistry changes Respiration and heart rate increases Taste buds are dulled and appetite is reduced Users have bad breath, yellowed teeth, and smelly hair, skin, and clothes.

87 Long Term Effects of Tobacco Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema Lung Cancer Coronary heart disease and stroke A weakened immune system

88 Chapter 21 Alcohol

89 Short-Term Effects of Alcohol Mental confusion Coma Vomiting and seizures Slow respiration Irregular heartbeat Hypothermia

90 Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Damage to brain cells Increase in blood pressure leading to heart attack Buildup of fat cells in the liver leading to death Damage to digestive lining in stomach Destruction of the pancreas

91 Chapter 22 Illegal Drugs

92 Marijuana Short-Term Effects Hallucinations and paranoia Short-Term Memory Impairment Decreased initiative and ambition Bloodshot eyes and dry mouth Increased appetitie

93 Marijuana Long-Term Effects Heart and lung damage Increased chance of lung cancer Weakened immune system Increased risk of infertility Increase in weight

94 Effects of Inhalants Slurred speech Impaired judgment Nausea, nose bleeds, and fatigue Lack of coordination Liver and kidney damage Cardiac Arrest DEATH

95 Abstinence The only 100% effective way to prevent transmission of STI s and an unplanned pregnancy.

96 Bacterial STI s Most Common Gonorrhea and Syphilis Most are curable

97 Viral STI s Most common Herpes, HIV, AIDS Incurable Medications available to reduce the effects of symptoms. Hepatitis A and B has vaccines available, but Hepatitis C does NOT have a vaccine.

98 Contraceptives Male and female condoms must be used every time for them to be effective. Oral contraceptive pills must be taken every day for them to be effective Vasectomy and Tubal Ligation are the two permanent method used to prevent pregnancy.

99 Fitness Concepts Flexibility Sit and Reach Cardiovascular Endurance Pacer/12 Min. Run Muscular Strength Push-Ups Muscular Endurance Push-Ups and Sit-Ups

100 Reminders All notes and the final review are located on blackboard. Good Luck!