Nervous system. This Lecture is devised by Dr. Rasha Ali Baghdad College of Medicine

Transcription

1 Nervous system This Lecture is devised by Dr. Rasha Ali Baghdad College of Medicine

2 Objectives Analyze, define & pronounce the new terms introduced in this Chapter. Comprehension of English language

3 Lectures can be downloaded and viewed from this site ewer.aspx?id=1

4 Student Duties 1- Read the lecture before attending 2- Print out the exercises of this lecture and hand it to the lecturer solved. It is your homework. You should write on it your name, the date, your group and the name of your lecturer. A piece of advice: Take a look at the exercises of the lecture before your actual reading, it will help you design your strategy of studying. Note: The methodology of your exercises are similar to your formative and Summative exams.

5 Word Element Arachn/o Cephal/o Cerebell/o Cerebr/o Encephal/o Hydr/o -mania Meningi/o Ment/o Myel/o Refers to Spider Head The cerebellum The cerebrum; also, the brain in general Brain Water Suffix meaning morbid attraction to "or impulse toward A membrane Referring to the mind In connection with the nervous system, refers to spinal cord and medulla oblongata

6

7 Word Element Neur/o -phasia -phobia Psych/o Spin/o Refers Nervous system Speech Suffix meaning morbid or unreasonable fear) Referring to mind Spinal cord

8 Dendritic Cells

9 Term Analysis Meaning Meninges Mening/o Three layer membrane surrounding brain and spinal cord Neuroglia Neurotransmitter Pia matter pons Neur/o (nerve); from the Greek glia (glue) Neur/o (nerve); from the Latin trans (across); mittere (to send) Latin words meaning tender mother A Latin word meaning bridge Cells within both the CNS and PNS, which, although they are external to neurons, from an essential part of the nerve tissue. Chemical released by the presynaptic cell that is then picked up by the postsynaptic cell to effect an action. Inner layer of the meninges The part of the brain stem that passes information to the cerebellum and the thalamus to regulate subconscious somatic activities.

10 Terms Analysis Meaning Psychomotor Amnesia Aneurysm Aphasia (uh-fay-jhah) Astrocytoma Bipolar disorder Delirium Psych/o (of the mind); from the Latin motor (mover) A- (without); -mnesia (memory) From the Greek ana (up) and eurys (broad) a- (absence of); from the Greek word phases (speech) From the Greek word astron (star); cyt/o (cell); oma (tumour) Bi- (twice, double); from the Latin polus (the end of an axis) From the Latin word deliro (to be crazy) An adjective used to indicate the relation between activity psychic and muscular movement Loss of memory Localized dilation of an artery due to vessel wall weakness Loss of speech Star- shaped tumour that usually develops in the cerebrum; frequently in people younger than 20 years old. Clinical course characterized by mimic episodes alternating with depressive episodes Impaired consciousness

11

12 Astrocytoma

13 Bipolar disorder is characterized by transitions between depression and mania

14

15 Term Analysis Meaning Hyperesthesia Poliomyelitis Psychosis Neurologist Neurology Neurosurgeon Psychiatrist Hyper- (extreme or beyond normal); esthesi/o (sensation) Polio- denoting gray colour); myel/o (bone marrow or spine); itis (inflammation) Psych/o (of or pertaining to the mind); sis (condition of) Neur/o (nerve);- logist (practitioner) Neur/o (nerve); -logy (study of) Neur/o (nerve); from the Greek word kheirourgos (working or done by hand) Psych/o (of or pertaining to the mind); iatr/o (of or pertaining to medicine or a Abnormal sensitivity to touch Inflamed gray matter of the spinal cord A serious disorder involving a marked distortion of, or sharp break from reality; general term covering severe mental or emotional disorders a medical specialist who treats nervous system disorders Medical speciality dealing with the nervous system Surgeon who specializes in operation on the nervous system A medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.

16 Amber Christian Osterhout, She is thedirector of Creative Development of Shannon design Company since 2004 has done a great deal of personal work to shed light on the complicated and often misunderstood issue of mental illness. Through her art she has worked to express the pain and confusion experienced by families who have a member with a mental illness.

17 Term Analysis Meaning Myelography Neuroplasty Antianxiety agent Anticonvulsant agent Electroencaphalography Hypnotics Myel/o (bone marrow or spine); graphy (process) Neur/o (nerve); -plasty (repair) Anti- (against); from the Greek word angho (to squeeze, embrace throttle) Anti- (against); psych/o (of or pertaining to the mind); -tic (adjective suffix) Electr/o (electric); encephal/o (brain); graphy (process of recording) From the Greek word hypnotikos (causing one to sleep) Radiography of the spinal cord and nerve roots Surgery to repair a nerve Drugs used to suppress anxious and relax muscles Drugs used to decrease seizures activity Record of the electrical potentials of the brain Drugs used to induce calming effect or sleep

18 Formative assessment Of the Nervous system

19 Case Study Read the following excerpt from an Emergency Room record and answer the questions. Chief Complaint: Mental Status Changes and aphasia Brief History: Samira Adam Is an 85 years-old female who presents to the Emergency Department with Difficulty talking. Her daughter states that Samira Adam has had garbled speech for the past few days, repeatedly say s How do you do? and answers the same to any questions asked. This has happened in the past, but the daughter says her mother has always gotten better. This morning Samira Adam woke up and has weakness on the right side of her body. There are no other modifying factors or associated signs or symptoms. Assessment: Probable history of Transient Ischemic Attack, now cerebrovascular accident with resulting dysphasia and right hemiparesis. 1- Break up the medical term dysphasia and define its word elements What does the word paresis mean? What is the difference between hemiparesis and hemiplegia? 4- Break up the term hemiplegia and define the word element?...

20 Q. Exercise: Break the following into word components: R (root), P (Prefix), S (suffix) and CV (combining vowel). Say the term to a peer and then define each term. Example cerebrospinal Cerebr = R, o= CV, spin = R, al = S Pertaining to the brain and spinal cord 1- psychosis 2- Electroencephalography

21 3- Astrocytoma 4- cerebrovascular 5- hemiplegia

22 Q. Circle the Correct spelling: Is the loss, due to brain damage, of the ability to speak or write or to comprehend the written or spoken word. Aphasia Afasia Aphazia Aphesia Inflammation of the Nerves Neuritis Nooritis Nearitis Meaurits Radiography of the spinal cord and nerve root Myelgraphy Myelography Myelagraphy Mielography Paralysis of the lower extremities & often the lower trunk of the body Paraplegia Parplegia paraplagia paraplega star shaped tumour in the brain Astrcytoma Astrocytoma Astercytoma Astric cytoma