Kika Otiono. BIOL/BIOC 2200 WELCOME TO PASS! Office Hours:

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1 WELCOME TO PASS! I would like to acknowledge that Carleton is situated on unsurrendered and unceded Algonquin territory. Core Concepts Covered: Topic 13: Lipids and Membranes Topic 14: Membrane Transport Opener: Office Hours: Professor + Lecture TA: Monday 11:30-1:00 and Wednesday 2:30-4:00 (Rm. 507, Steacie Building) PASS: (CSAS Desk) (5 minutes) For this week, we will make a word cloud on the board based on what we know already about membranes from the lectures on Topics 13 and 14! Pull out your phone and go to menti.com. Activity #1: Say What Now? (15-20 minutes) In this activity, you ll be divided into groups of 2-4 students. Each group will get a chance to write out what they know about each concept specifically to stump the rest of the class. We ll rotate throughout the room and each of us will try to get the answer. At the end, we ll summarize! Concepts include: 1. Membrane Functions: a. Compartmentalization b. Transport c. Communication d. Intercellular interaction e. Energy Transduction 2. Lipids a. Glycerophospholipids b. Phosphatidate c. Phosphatidylcholine d. Sphingolipids 3. Cholesterol If you don t recognize any or only some of these, or you can t give a basic description/summary of what they are they you should attend PASS this week to become an expert!

2 Activity #2: Jeopardy! Membrane Edition (20 30 minutes) It s back again!! In this activity, you ll be divided into 4 5 teams, and you ll compete against each other in a game of Jeopardy! There may be prizes and you ARE allowed to steal points! However, this time we ll be competing on some of the concepts in Topics 13 and 14 such as: parts of the phospholipid bilayer, the different types of transport mechanisms, and the role of cholesterol and glycoproteins in the membrane.

3 Activity #3: Ask Away! (10 15 minutes) Based on the activities and concepts covered in the workshop today and in lectures, you can feel free to ask questions These may be posed to the entire workshop, or to me directly however, I may then direct it to the whole group to discuss. This is also a chance for you to ask questions about the bonus assignment on the worksheet below. Closer: Self-Reflection (5 minutes) Rank yourself from 1 to 5 (1 = not good at all, 5 = very good) on the following skills: Note taking: Memorization: Solving biochemistry problems: Understanding theoretical concepts: Avoiding procrastination: Image credits:

4 Extra Credit Assignment/Reflection Topic 12 (Carbohydrates) This is a personal endeavor for you spend some time thinking about these concepts and answering questions. A few instructions: Do not use your lecture notes the first time you go through, so you can properly test yourself using active recall and spaced repetition to determine your content gaps. I won t give answers during the workshop because these are extra questions, so you must attend my office hours or the lecture office hours (on CuLearn) to ask questions (although the internet and textbook are also great resources). 1. What are some of the properties and functions of carbohydrates? 2. What is the difference between an aldose and a ketose? Give an example of each. 3. What are the definitions of: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides? 4. Explain the process of mutarotation. If you are confused, check slide #13 from the Topic 12 lecture, and rewrite those steps in your own words. 5. α and β are anomers and differ in what way? What is an anomer, then? How are these different from the D and L forms of a carbohydrate? 6. What is the difference between a Fischer and Haworth projection? 7. What are the five important simple monosaccharides? Draw them.. Make a mind map separating the important monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Under each group, describe the types of linkage. For example, under disaccharides you would include maltose, which forms an α(1 4) glycosidic link between two glucose molecules. For polysaccharides, make sure to consider branching. 9. What are some of the important monosaccharide derivatives? 10. What is a reducing sugar? 11. Explain the formation of a glycosidic bond. 12. What are the important functions of polysaccharides? 13. What kind of arrangement is present in cellulose versus glycogen? How does their structure relate to their function? Summary for Topic 12: What You Need to Know List the major forms of carbohydrate that are used for energy in living cells. Give an overview of the biological roles of carbohydrates. Draw structures of the major monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose. Describe the structures of major polysaccharides and disaccharides such as cellulose, amylose, amylopectin, glycogen and lactose.

5 Extra Credit Assignment/Reflection Topic 13 (Lipids & Membranes) 1. What are the differences in structure between the biomolecules we ve covered so far? Draw the basic structures of: amino acids, lipids and carbohydrates. 2. Most natural fatty acids have an number of carbons. Unsaturated fatty acids usually have double bonds. a. Why do we have this kind of double bonds in fatty acids? What is the functional reason for this (think about enzymes, physiological processes, membranes)? 3. Differentiate between the different types of lipids: glycerophospholipids, phosphatidate, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and sphingolipids. 4. The lipid bilayer and proteins form a model. What does this suggest? 5. What are the three aspects of the idea that membranes are dynamic? 6. Is lipid self-assembly spontaneous or non-spontaneous? How does this process occur? 7. What are the three different phases in which lipids exist? What is the most preferred state for our bodies? a. What does this have to do with membrane fluidity? (Hint: include cholesterol in your answer.). What is FRAP? What role does it play? 9. What are the three ways in which we can describe a membrane protein, i.e. what are the three categories of the membrane proteins? Draw a membrane with all three of them below to differentiate their structure. 10. What is the picket fence model? Summary for Topic 13: What You Need to Know Functions of biological membranes Membranes are dynamic Lipids of biological membranes Common fatty acids Sterol structure Common structural features of membrane lipids Phospholipids Lipid composition of cellular membranes Lipid asymmetry Fluid mosaic model of membrane structure Classes of membrane proteins Make sure to refer back to this assignment when studying for your final! Good luck