SE/TE: Anatomical Landmarks, 16-25

Transcription

1 Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, 7th Edition (c) 2006, (Martini) Alabama Science Standards for Anatomy and Physiology Science Core (Grades 9-12) 1. Use appropriate anatomical terminology. Examples: proximal, superficial, medial, supine, superior, inferior, anterior, posterior 2. Identify anatomical body planes, body cavities, and abdominopelvic regions of the human body. 3. Classify major types of cells, including squamous, cuboidal, columnar, simple, and stratified. 4. Classify tissues as connective, muscular, nervous, or epithelial. 5. Identify anatomical structures and functions of the integumentary system. SE/TE: Anatomical Landmarks, SE/TE: Anatomical Regions, 17-25; TR: Application Manual: Sectional Anatomy and Clinical Technology TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Anatomy Intro/Orientation, Topography, Anatomy Intro/Surface Anatomy SE/TE: Intro to Cells, 63; Classification of Epithelia, ; Connective Tissues, ; Atlas: Origins of Connective Tissues, 117 SE/TE: Tissues of the Body: An Intro, 107; Atlas: The Formation of Tissues, ; Epithelial Tissue, ; Connective Tissues, ; The Connective Tissue Framework of the Body, ; Muscle Tissue, ; Neural Tissue, TR: Application Manual: Fibrocartilage on Demand, 34 SE/TE: Roles of Organ Systems in Homeostatic Regulation, 15; Figure 1-2, 9; Figure 2: Organ System Components and Functions, 144; The Integumentary System: An Overview, 154; The Epidermis, ; The Dermis, ; The Subcutaneous Layer, ; Accessory Structures, ; The Integumentary System in Perspective, 175 TR: Application Manual: Examination of the Skin, 42-43; Atlas: Embryology Summary 5: The Development of the Integumentary System, ; Application Manual: Baldness and Hirsutism, 47-48; Application Manual: Folliculitis and Acne, 48; Application Manual: Disorders of Keratin Production,

2 Identifying accessory organs SE/TE: The Integumentary System: An Overview, 154; Accessory Structures, Recognizing diseases and disorders of the integumentary system o Examples: decubitus ulcer, melanoma, psoriasis SE/TE: Stratum Corneum, 157; The Role of Epidermal Pigmentation, ; Clinical Note, 160; Glands in the Skin, 167; Nails, TR: Application Manual: Disorders of Keratin Production, 44-46; Application Manual: Folliculitis and Acne, Identify bones that compose the skeletal system. SE/TE: Figure 2 Organ System Components and Functions, 144; The Axial Division of the Skeletal System, ; Facial Bones, ; The Vertebral Column, ; The Thoracic Cage, ; TR: Atlas: Plates, 2, 7-9, 14, 19; Atlas: Embryology Summary, 6, Identifying functions of the skeletal system SE/TE: Figure 2 Organ System Components and Functions, 144; An Introduction to the Skeletal System, 180 TR: Application Manual: Examination of the Skeletal System, 54 Identifying subdivisions of the skeleton as axial and appendicular skeletons Classifying types of joints according to their movement SE/TE: The Axial Division of the Skeletal System, 206; The Appendicular Skeleton, ; The Lower Limbs, TR: Atlas: Plates, 2, 3, 32-33; Atlas: Embryology Summary 8, TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Skeletal System/Axial Skeleton/Skull, Skeletal System/Appendicular Skeleton/Pectoral Girdle SE/TE: The Classification of Joints, ; Representative Articulations, ; TR: Atlas: Plates, 35-36, TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Skeletal System/Synovial Joints/Shoulder, Skeletal System/Synovial Joints/Elbow Identifying the four bone types 2

3 Identifying various types of skeletal system disorders o Examples: fractures, arthritis 7. Identify major muscles, including origins, insertions, and actions. Describing common types of body movements, including flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction Classifying muscles based on functions in the body, including prime movers, antagonists, synergists, and fixators Comparing skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles based on their microscopic anatomy Identifying diseases and disorders of the muscular system o Examples: muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, strain SE/TE: Abnormal Bone Growth and Development, 196; Clinical Note, 220; Clinical Note, 253; Clinical Note, 262 TR: Application Manual: An Introduction to the Skeletal System and its Disorders, SE/TE: Figure 2 Organ System Components and Functions, 145; Origins and Insertions, ; The Axial Muscles, ; Oblique and Rectus Muscles, ; Muscles that move the Arm, ; Muscles that Move the Leg, ; The Muscular System in Perspective, 373 TR: Atlas: Embryology Summary 9, ; Plates, 4, 5,6, 26, 27-28, 35, 49-50, 53-54, 64, 90-95; TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Muscular System/Axial Musculature SE/TE: Types of Movements at Synovial Joints, SE/TE: Actions, SE/TE: Functional Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle, ; Excitation-Contraction Coupling, ; Isotonic Contractions, ; Structural Characteristics of Cardiac Muscle Tissues, ; Smooth Muscle Tissue, TECH: Interactive Physiology CD-ROM: Muscular System/Sliding Filament Theory, Muscular System/The Neuromuscular Junction, Muscular System/Anatomy Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue SE/TE: Clinical Note, 348; Compartment Syndrome, 372; The Disease called Tetanus, 304; Muscle Atrophy, 315 TR: Applications Manual: An Introduction to the Muscular System and its Disorders,

4 8. Identify structures of the nervous system. SE/TE: Figure 1-2, 9; The Role of Organ Systems in Homeostatic Regulation, 15; Neuron ; The Transmembrane Potential, ; Action Diameter and Propagation Speed, ; The Cervical Plexus, ; Polysynaptic Reflexes, ; An Introduction to the Organization of the Brain, ; The Cerebellum, ; The White Matter of the Cerebrum, ; The Trigeminal Nerves, ; Sensory Receptors and their Classification, ; Visceral Sensory Pathways, ; An Overview of the ANS, ; Neurotransmitters and Parasympathetic Function, ; The Nervous System in Perspective, 544 TR: Applications Manual: The Neurological Examination, 76-77; Atlas: Embryology Summary 10, 130; Atlas: Plates 3, 5-6,12-13, 15, 16, 18-19, 20-21, 27-28, 37, 39-40, 92, 98, 106; Atlas: Embryology Summary 12, TECH: Interactive Physiology CD-ROM: Nervous System I/The Membrane Potential, Nervous System I/Ion Channels, Nervous System I/The Action Potential, Nervous System II/Synaptic Transmission, Nervous System II/Synaptic Potentials and Cellular Integration, Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Nervous System/Central Nervous System/Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nervous System/Spinal Nerves, Nervous System/Central Nervous System/Brain, Nervous System/Peripheral Nervous System/Cranial Nerves, Nervous System/Autonomic Nervous System/Sympathetic Division, Nervous System/Autonomic Nervous System/Parasympathetic Division Explaining differences in the function of the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system SE/TE: Figure 2- Organ System Components and Functions, 145; The Anatomical Divisions of the Nervous System, ; Representative Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators,

5 Labeling parts of sensory organs, including the eye, ear, tongue, and skin receptors Recognizing diseases and disorders of the nervous system o Examples: Parkinson s disease, meningitis 9. Identify structures and functions of the cardiovascular system. SE/TE: Olfaction, 550; Gustation, 552; External Features and Accessory Structures of the Eye, ; The Vascular Tunic, 558; The Optic Disc, ; Anatomy of the Ear, ; Pathways for Auditory Sensations, 585 TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Nervous System/Special Senses/Eye, Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Nervous System/Special Senses/Ear SE/TE: Clinical Notes, 387; Parkinson s Disease, 474; Aphasia and Dyslexia, 478; Cerebral Palsy, 510; Amyotrophic Latera Sclerosis, 513; Anencephaly, 513; Amnesia, 539; Alzheimer s Disease, 543 TR: Applications Manual: An Introduction to the Nervous System and its Disorders, 76-86; Shingles and Hansen s Disease, 87-97; Pharmacology and the Autonomic Nervous System, SE/TE: Levels of Organization, 8; Figure 1-2, 9; The Role or Organ Systems in Homeostatic Regulation, 15; Organ System Components and Functions, 146; The Cardiovascular System: An Introduction, ; Blood Types and Cross Reactions, ; The Coagulation Phase, ; The Organization of the Cardiovascular System, ; Coronary Circulation, ; Phases of the Cardiac Cycle, ; Summary: The Control of Cardiac Output, ; The Anatomy of Blood Vessels, ; Turbulence, ; Angiotensinii, ; The Descending Aorta, ; Fetal Circulation, TR: Atlas: Plates, 25, 37-40, 62, 63, 65, 66, 73, 86; Atlas: Embryology Summary 15, 139; Embryology Summary 16, TECH: Interactive Physiology CD-ROM/ Cardiovascular System, Anatomy Review: Blood Vessel Structure and Function, Cardiovascular System/Measuring Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular System/Autoregulation and Capillary Dynamics, Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Cardiovascular System/Arteries and Veins of the Pulmonary Circuit, Cardiovascular System/Major Arteries of the Systemic Circuit, Cardiovascular System/Major Veins of the Systemic Circuit 5

6 Tracing the flow of blood through the body SE/TE: The Blood Supply to the Heart, ; Special Circulation, ; The Pulmonary Circuit, ; Major Veins of the Head, Neck, and Brain, Identifying components of blood SE/TE: Solute Concentrations, 39-40; The Nature of Blood, ; White Blood Cells, TR: Solutions and Concentrations, 17 Describing blood cell formation SE/TE: RBC Production, ; WBC Production, Distinguishing among human blood groups SE/TE: Blood Types, TR: Applications Manual: Transfusions and Synthetic Blood. 128; Applications Manual: An Introduction to the Cardiovascular System and its Disorders, ; The Leukemias, , Hypertension and Hypotension, Describing common cardiovascular diseases and disorders o Examples: myocardial infarction, mitral valve prolapse, varicose veins, arteriosclerosis 10. Identify structures and functions of the digestive system. Tracing the pathway of digestion from the mouth to the anus using diagrams Identifying disorders affecting the digestive system o Examples: ulcers, Crohn s disease, diverticulitis SE/TE: Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn, 653; Coronary Artery Disease, 682; Heart Attacks, 691; Arterosclerosis, 713; Congenital Cardiovascular Problems, 755 SE/TE: The Role of Organ Systems in Homeostatic Regulation, 15; Figure 1-2, 10; Figure 2 Organ System Components and Functions, 148; The Digestive System: An Overview, ; Types of Teeth, ; The Small Intestine and Associated Glandular Organs, ; The Coordination of Secretion and Absorption, ; Water Absorption, TR: Atlas: Embryology Summary 19, ; Atlas: Plates 5, 17, 27, 29, 70, 71, 72, 77, 81 TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Digestive System/Small Intestine, Digestive System/Liver SE/TE: Components of the Digestive System, 864; Digestive Secretion and Absorption, 906 SE/TE: Peritonitis, 866; Mumps, 872; Gastric and Peptic Ulcers, 881; Pancreatitis, 889; Liver Disease, 893 TR: Applications Manual: An Introduction to the Digestive System and its Disorders, ; Cirrhosis,

7 11. Identify structures and functions of the respiratory system. Tracing the pathway of the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange Recognizing common disorders of the respiratory system o Examples: asthma, bronchitis, cystic fibrosis 12. Identify structures and functions of the reproductive system. SE/TE: The Roles of Organ Systems in Homeostatic Regulation, 15; Figure 1-2, 10; Figure 2 Organ System Components and Functions, 147; The Respiratory System: An Introduction, ; The Lungs, ; The Mechanics of Breathing, ; Carbon Dioxide Transport, TR: Atlas: Plates, 29, 58, TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Respiratory System/Larynx, Respiratory System/Trachea, Respiratory System/Bronchial Tree, Respiratory System/Lungs and Pleure, Interactive Physiology CD-ROM: Respiratory System/Pulmonary Ventilation, Respiratory System/Gas Transport, Respiratory System/Gas Exchange, Respiratory System/Control of Respiration SE/TE: Gas Exchange, ; TECH: Interactive Physiology CD-ROM: Respiratory System/Gas Transport SE/TE: Decompression Sickness, 840; Emphysema and Lung Cancer, 853; TR: Applications Manual: Disorders of the Respiratory System, SE/TE: Figure 1-2, 10; Figure 2- Organ System Component and Functions, 147; Introduction to the Reproductive System, ; The Male Reproductive Tract, ; The Ovarian Cycle, ; Hormones and the Reproductive Cycle, TR: Atlas: Embryology Summary 21, ; Atlas: Plates 85, 89 TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Reproductive System/Male Reproductive System, Reproductive System/Female Reproductive System 7

8 Differentiating between male and female reproductive systems Recognizing stages of pregnancy and fetal development Identifying disorders of the reproductive system o Examples: endometriosis, sexually transmitted diseases, prostate cancer 13. Identify structures and functions of the urinary system. Tracing the filtration of blood from the kidneys to the urethra Recognizing diseases and disorders of the urinary system o Examples: kidney stones, urinary tract infections SE/TE: Figure 1-2, 10; Figure 2- Organ System Component and Functions, 147; The Reproductive System of the Male, ; The Male Reproductive Tract, ; The Reproductive System of the Female, ; The Mammary Glands, TR: Atlas: Embryology Summary 21, ; Atlas: Plates 85, 89 TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Reproductive System/Male Reproductive System, Reproductive System/Female Reproductive System SE/TE: The First Trimester, ; The Second and Third Trimesters, TR: Atlas: Embryology Summaries, 1-21 SE/TE: Transmitted Diseases, ; Prostatic Hypertrophy and Prostate Cancer, 1047; Breast Cancer, 1060 TR: Applications Manual: The Reproductive System and its Disorders, ; Sexually SE/TE: Figure 1-2, 10; The Role of Organ Systems in Homeostatic Regulation, 15; Figure 2- Organ System Component and Functions, 148; An Overview of the Urinary System, ; An Overview of Renal Function, ; Reabsorption and Secretion at the DCT, ; The Ureters, TR: Atlas: Embryology Summary 20, ; Atlas: Plates 81, TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Urinary System/Kidney, Urinary System/Urinary Bladder, Urinary System/Urethra; Interactive Physiology CD-ROM: Urinary System SE/TE: Urine Transport, Storage, and Elimination, SE/TE: to the Urinary System and its Disorders, ; Glomerulonephritis, 960; Urinary Obstruction, 983; Renal Failure and Kidney Transplantation TR: Application Manual: An Introduction to the 8

9 14. Identify the endocrine glands and their functions. SE/TE: Figure 1-2, 9; Figure 2- Organ System Components and Functions, 146; An Overview of the Endocrine System, ; Control of Endocrine Activity, ; The Function of Thyroid Hormones, ; The Endocrine Tissues of Other Systems, TR: Atlas: Plates, 70 TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Endocrine System/Pituitary Gland, Endocrine System/Thyroid Gland, Endocrine System/Parathyroid Gland, Endocrine System/Adrenal Gland; IP CD-ROM: Endocrine System/The Hypothalamic- Pituitary Axis, Endocrine System/Endocrine System Review Describing effects of hormones produced by the endocrine glands Identifying common disorders of the endocrine system o Examples: diabetes, goiter, hyperthyroidism 15. Identify physiological effects and components of the immune system. SE/TE: Intercellular Communication, 591; Classes of Hormones, ; Hormones of the Anterior Lobe, ; Hormones, 701 The Adrenal Glands, ; Adipose Tissue, TECH: Interactive Physiology CD-ROM: Endocrine System/Response to Stress SE/TE: Diabetes Insipidus, 605; Diabetes Mellitus, 619; Endocrine Disorders, TR: Applications Manual: The Endocrine System and its Disorders, ; End of Unit Clinical Problems, SE/TE: An Overview of the Lymphatic System and Immunity, ; The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses, ; Antigen Recognition, ; Normal and Abnormal Resistance, TR: Atlas: Embryology Summary 17, 142; Atlas: Plates 67 TECH: Anatomy 360 CD-ROM: Lymphatic System/Tonsils, Lymphatic System/Thymus, Lymphatic System/Spleen Contrasting active and passive immunity SE/TE: Forms of Immunity, Evaluating the importance of vaccines SE/TE: An Introduction to Immune Response, TR: Applications Manual: Immunization,

10 Recognizing disorders and diseases of the immune system o Examples: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), acute lymphocytic leukemia SE/TE: Cancer and the Lymphatic System, 772; AIDS, 803 TR: Applications Manual: Disorders of the Lymphatic System, ; Genetic Engineering and Gene Therapy,