2. Name the 6 principle elements/atoms the make up 99% of our body weight.

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1 1 Practice Questions for Exam 1 As you prepare for the exam you should review all of your lecture notes, study guides, videos on RNAi/Epigenetics, and previous quizzes. The following are a sample of the type of questions that could be asked on the upcoming exam. I do not provide a key as some of the questions will show up on the exam. If you are able to answer the following questions then you are doing well in your preparation. If you need help in understanding any of the concepts please do not hesitate to contact me either by or stop by my office. 1. Label the following body cavities 2. Name the 6 principle elements/atoms the make up 99% of our body weight. 3. Name the four tissues of the body 4. List in order the 6 levels of structural organization of the human body. 5. Name the system that regulates body activities through the production of Hormones. 6. Name the system that functions to remove nitrogenous wastes and maintains body fluid volume. 7. Describe homeostasis and give an example of a negative feedback system.

2 2 8. Describe the major body reference planes and sections. 9. Name the following parts of the cell A B C 6 D Give the common name and corresponding anatomical terms to indicate specific body regions

3 3 11. Name the components of a feedback system. 12. Give the symbols for the following elements: Sodium: Carbon: Iron: Potassium: 13. What type of bond holds adjacent water molecules together? 14. The ph scale ranges from Describe what range would classify a neutral, basic, and acidic solution. 15. What is the normal ph range for human blood? 16. A solution of ph 4 has times more H+ ions than a solution of ph Name the condition in which human blood ph drops below Name the condition in which human blood ph rises above Name the substance the resist changes in ph by absorbing excess H+ or OHions. 20. Give three examples of a monosaccharide. 21. Give three examples of a disaccharide. 22. Why do people who are lactose intolerant unable to digest lactose what is it that they are not producing enough of? 23. Describe the structure of a triglyceride 24. Describe the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. 25. Which of the following is not a unique property of water? A. Cohesion D. Universal solvent B. Water moderates temperature E. Easily dissolves lipid molecules C. Ice is less dense than water 26. Describe the building blocks (monomers) of the following four major classes of organic molecules: Proteins: Carbohydrates: Nucleic Acids: Fats:

4 4 27. Animals store carbohydrates as. This molecule is an example of a (monosaccharide or polysaccharide). 28. Which of the following is not a base in DNA a. thymine c. guanine e. adenine b. uracil d. cytosine 29. The part of a phospholipid that is polar is the: a. fatty acid b. phosphate 30. The molecule from which all other steroids are formed: a. estradiol b. cholesterol c. testosterone 31. The type of monounsaturated fatty acids that are unhealthy because they are hydrogenated are: a. Cis- fatty acids b. Trans-fatty acids 32. Proteins consist of amino acids linked together by what type of bond? 33. Name the disorder that has the following characteristic: a. Uncontrolled overgrowth of a scar due to excessive collagen formation b. Vitamin C deficiency c. Prions rapid accumlation of amyloid plaques in the brain. 34. A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution would be expected to A. swell and lyse B. shrink and lyse.c. swell and crenate D. shrink and crenate. 35. Name the organelle located on the surface of cells of the respiratory tract that helps to move mucus and debris. 36. Name the organelle that is considered to be the powerhouse of the cell because ATP production occurs here. 37. At the end of the electron transport chain, what type of atom accepts the electrons? 38. What molecule is formed when this atom accepts the electrons/hydrogen atoms? 39. Name the organelle that is the site of enzymes that detoxify alcohol and other harmful chemicals.

5 5 40. Each somatic cell in the body contains individual chromosomes. 41. Each sex cell (sperm/egg) contains individual chromosomes 42. Name the phase of mitosis where sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. 43. Name the specific phase where chromosomal material replicates. 44. Explain the difference between chromatin and chromosomes. 45. What amino acid sequence does the genetic code listed below code for? Consult the table for Codons. DNA Strand: T A C C C G C G G T G T G T A T C T A C T 46. Which of the following imaging techniques uses x-rays A. MRI B. CT or CAT scan C. Ultrasound 47. Bases have excess ions and (high/low) phs. 48. Acids have excess ions and (high/low) phs. 49. What term is used to describe the type of tumor where its cells remain at the tumor s origin? A. Benign B. Malignant C. Metastasis D. Cancer

6 6 50. The four major classes of organic compounds are: A. water, acids, bases, and salts B. carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water C. carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids D. nucleic acids, salts, bases, and water 51. If a cell is put in a 1.8% saline solution, what will happen to the RBC in time? A. Shrink (Crenate) C. Nothing stay the same B. Swell (Lysis) D. Both A and B 52. What is the function of ribosomes? 53. Name the abdominal quadrants and indicate which quadrant the spleen would be found in.