Arteria carotis externa, arteria subclavia, vena jugularis interna and its tributaries, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands.
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1 Arteria carotis externa, arteria subclavia, vena jugularis interna and its tributaries, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands By Ivo Klepáček
2 Three vascular systems are finally formed: Intraembryonic (cardinal); aortic sac (later gives rise aortic arches) Vitelline (aa. + vv.) Development of the vascular system Day 27 Placental (umbilical aa. + vv.)
3 1 st maxillary artery 2 nd hyoid, stapedial aa. 3 rd common carotid a. and first part of the internal carotid a., external carotid a. 4 th part of the subclavian aa. some of intersegmental arteries
4 Main arteries Common carotid artery (left) Brachiocephalic trunk (right) Internal carotid artery External carotid artery
5 Variations of the aortic arch branches
6 Fascia pretrachealis a CCA Pretracheal fascia and CCA
7 Sympathetic nerve trunks
8 Common carotid artery Anterolaterally skin, fascia, sternocleidomastoid muscle, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, superior belly of the omohyoid Posteriorly transverse process of the C4 vertebrae, prevertebral muscles, sympathetic trunk Medially wall of the pharynx and larynx, trachea, esophagus, the lobe of the thyroid gland Laterally the internal jugular vein, vagus nerve (posterolaterally)
9 External carotid artery ECA Anterolaterally sternocleidomastoid muscle, XII. nerve, within parotid gland is crossed by VII. nerve, fascia, skin Medially wall of the pharynx, internal carotid artery, stylopharyngeus, pharyngeal branch of the vagus For head without orbit, inner ear and brain
10 Styloid septum Internal jugular vein lies dorsally and lateraly from internal carotid artery behind m. m. stylohyoideus and styloglossus External carotid artery lies ventrally and laterally from internal jugular vein between m.stylohyoideus and styloglossus
11
12 Superior thyroid a., Arteria thyroidea superior For thyroid gland,; Ventral branch anastomoses with the same contralateral opposite artery ; Dorsal branch anastomoses with inferior thyroid a., glandular branches superior laryngeal a., muscular branches
13 For tongue; Suprahyoid branch Sublingual a. (for sublingual gland) Dorsal lingual branches (from tongue root to epiglottis) a. profunda linguae (deep lingual a. for intraglossal muscles; it proceeds to frenulum linguae) Arteria lingualis - inside paralingual canal (canalis paralingualis)
14
15 Trigonum Pirogovi (Pirogoff triangle) Angulus Béclardi (Béclard angle) Pierre Augustin Béclard, French anatomist (* ) Nikolaj Ivanovič, Pirogov, Russian surgeon (* )
16 Facial artery Arteria facialis For neck and face; Ascending palatine a. (for soft palate and palatine tonsil) Glandular branches (for submandibular gland) Submental a. (for mylohyoid a., anterior belly of digastric m.) Superior and inferior labial aa. (they form circle around rima oris) alaris nasi m. angularis m.
17 Superior pharyngeal a., Arteria pharyngea ascendens The very thin artery, supplies pharynx pharyngeal branches (for truncus sympathicus, vagus, n. hypoglossus and pharynx) Meningeal branches (for dura mater) inferior tympanic artery (for tympanic cavity)
18 Superficial temporal artery Arteria temporalis superficialis For gl. parotis, TMJ, m. orbicularis oculi, m. temporalis; glandular branches transversa faciei (for mimic muscles) rr. auriculares anteriores (capsule of TMJ) a. zygomaticoorbitalis a. temporalis media frontal branches parietal branches
19 Maxillary artery Three segments (parts): Retromandibular Pterygoid Pterygopalatine
20 Arteria maxillaris větve pars retromandibularis a. auricularis profunda a. tympanica anterior a. meningea media a. alveolaris inferior a. alveolaris inferior
21
22
23 Superior posterior alveolar a. Infraorbital a. Palatine descendens a.: a. palatina major et minores a. canalis pterygoidei a. sphenopalatina: a. nasales posteriores laterales et nasales posteriores septales Arteria maxillaris branches from pterygopalatinous part
24 Branches of the maxillary artery; pterygopalatine part
25 For soft meningeal membranes; a. stylomastoidea Occipital branches Sternocleidomastoid brr. (sternocleidomastoid a. crosses arcus nervi hypoglossi) Auricular br. Mastoid ale br. (for dura mater near mastoid canal) Meningeal brr. (for dura mater near for. jugulare) Stylomastoid a. (for cavum tympani, canales semicirculares and cellulae mastoideae; Posterior tympanic a. supplies cavum tympani) Occipital artery + posterior auricular a. Arteriae occipitalis + auricularis posterior
26 Pro měkké pokrývky lební; a. stylomastoidea rr. occipitales rr. sternocleidomastoidei (a. sternocleidomastoidea kříží arcus nervi hypoglossi) r. auricularis r. mastoideus (pro dura mater u for. mastoideum) rr. meningei (pro dura mater u for. jugulare) a. stylomastoidea (pro cavum tympani, canales semicirculares a cellulae mastoideae; -a. tympanica posterior zásobuje cavum tympani)
27 Internal carotic artery ICA Carotic sinus (baroreceptor) Cervical part sinus caroticus, no branches Petrous part caroticotympanic aa. Cavernous part meningeal branch, hypophysial br. ganglionic trigeminal inferior brr. Cerebral part ophtalmic a., (right angle), superior hypophysial a., communicans posterior a., choroid anterior a. Terminal branches: Anterior cerebral a. Medial cerebral a. Carotic siphon Willis circle (circulus arteriosus cerebri Willisi)
28 ACI has anastomoses with maxillary artery in nasal septum
29 Arteria carotis interna intracranial branches
30 Ophtalmic artery Arteria ophtalmica
31 Superficial veins: external jugular, anterior jugular and branches Deep veins (profundae): Pterygoid plexus Plexus pterygoideus Internal jugular
32 superficial veins External jugular vein Anterior jugular vein Venous jugular arch deep veins Internal jugular vein
33 Internal jugularis vein; external jugular vein
34 ZDROJE SOURCES
35 jugulodigastric juguloomohyoid
36 Facial vein Vena facialis
37 Vena facialis can be open to from: Vena jugularis externa Vena jugularis interna Vena jugularis anterior
38 Pterygoid plexus
39
40 Pterygoid venous plexus and its tributaries: n superior ophtalmic p inferior ophtalmic n infraorbital vein to pterygoid plexus (through foramen ovale rete) r deep facial u buccal inferior alveolar vein... retromandibular vein h maxillary veins
41
42
43 Subclavian artery (a. subclavia)
44 Subclavian artery (a. subclavia) relations and branches sulcus arteria subclaviae pulmonis apertura thoracis superior sulcus arteriae subclaviae costae primae fissura scalenorum branches exhibit variations (thoracic outlet syndrom) steal phenomenon (a. vertebralis) Parts and trunci Arteria subclavia Arteria vertebralis Truncus thyrocervicalis Truncus costocervicalis arteria thoracica interna
45 Where you can compress subclavian a.: A) Neck rib B) mm.scaleni (m.scalenus minimus) C) Costoclavicular space D) Insertio of m.pectoralis minor
46 !? Anterior triangle importances Subclavian opulse Compression or ligation of the subclavian artery Ligation of the external carotid artery Carotid endarterectomy Carotid pulse Carotid artery palpation
47 Prevertebral part Cervical or transverse part (C6-C1) spinal and muscular branches Atlantic part sulcus a.v., membrana atlantooccipitalis post., foramen occipitale magnum Intracranial part Meningeal brr. a. inferior posterior cerebellar brr. ( a. spinalis post.) Ant. spinalis branches Vertebral artery
48 Trigonum scalenovertebrale Scalenovertebral triangle
49 Arteries a. vertebralis
50 Reconstruction of skull; vertebral artery curves END icatvision
51 Blood source for brain: Carotis interna 80% Vertebralis 20%
52 Arteria basilaris + circulus arteriosus cerebri 2 aa. vertebrales a. basilaris a. inferior anterior cerebelli ( a. labyrinthi) aa. pontis aa. mesencephalicae a. superior cerebelli aa. cerebri posteriores circulus arteriosus cerebri Willisi Thomas Willis ( ), Engl. physician
53
54 Syndrome thievish subclavian a. Ligature on a.subclavia: Subclavian a. steals blood using vertebral artery for upper extremity Diplopia, diziness, inconlopii, závratě, syncope, comatose Pulsation on irritated side, poor pulsation, low blood pressure
55 Shunts (collaterals) open during collapse of vertebral a.: 1-a.carotis communis 2-a.subclavia 3-a.vertebralis 4-a.occipitalis 5-rami spinales et musculares 6-truncus thyrocervicalis
56 Intravenosni injekce Intravenous injection Intravenosni injekce
57 ZDROJE SOURCES Čihák, Anatomie Doskočil, Vobořil, Kolaterální řečiště u člověka Eliška,Elišková, Kůže a chirurgické přístupy Grim, Základy anatomie Petrovický a spol., Anatomie 1 Sobotta, Atlas anatomie člověka The Ascending Pharyngeal Artery: Branches, Anastomoses, and Clinical Significance Lotfi Hacein-Beya,b, David L. Danielsa, John L. Ulmera, Leighton P. Marka, Michelle M. Smitha, James M. Strottmanna, Douglas Browna,b,c, Glenn A. Meyerb and Phillip A. Wackymc American Journal of Neuroradiology 23: , August 2002 END
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