Tracing the Cranial Nerves Osteologically
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2 CN I II III IV V 1 Supra-orbital ethmoidal nn. Ext. nasal V 2 Tracing the Cranial Nerves Osteologically Nucleus of Origin Olfactory tracts of frontal lobe of cerebrum Optic tracts from optic chiasma and visual cortex of occipital lobe Motor of oculomotor in midbrain Trochlear exiting dorsum of midbrain Trigeminal (through nasociliary ) (through nasociliary ) Trigeminal Noel T. Boaz, Ph.D., M.D. Department of Anatomy Ross University School of Medicine Originating Ant. Enters bone Exits bone Terminating Cribriform plate Cribriform plate Sphenoethmoidal of ethmoid of ethmoid recess of nasal cavity (olfactory epithelium) Optic Optic (retina) (supplies levator palpebrae superioris, med. rectus, sup. rectus, inf. rectus, and inf. oblique muscles) (supplies sup. oblique m.) Supraorbital notch ethmoidal Cribrifom plate of the ethmoid rotundum ethmoidal External nares (piriform aperture), emerging from groove on posterior of nasal bone rotundum Forehead (sinciput) Nasal cavity Dorsum and tip of nose Zygomatic Zygomaticofacial Zygomaticofacial Zygomaticoorbital facial region) Zygomatico- Face (malar Zygomaticotemporal Zygomaticoorbital poral (supplies skin of Zygomaticotem- Temporal the temple) Sphenopalatine Sphenopalatine Sphenopalatine Nasal cavity
3 Greater palatine Opening of pterygopalatine Infraorbital Inf. orbital to infraorbital Pharyngeal Pharyngeal (palatovaginal+vomerovaginal s) Ant. & middle superior alveolar nn. Post. sup. alveolar n. Nasopalatine V 3 Recurrent meningeal Inferior alveolar Infraorbital Sup. alveolar (ant.&middle) Post. sup. alveolar Greater palatine Infraorbital Pharyngeal (palatovaginal+vomerovaginal s) None - internal to maxilla None internal to maxilla Oral cavity Face Nasopharynx posterior to auditory tube Interior of maxilla (to ant. & middle upper teeth) Interior to maxilla (post. upper teeth) Nasal cavity Incisive Incisive Anterior hard palate Trigeminal (motor) and trigeminal Mental Interior of mandible VI Abducens Motor Posterior of N. of pterygoid Gr. n. Chorda tympani n. I & solitarius Vestibular and cochlear nuclei Nucleus ambiguous, inferior Posterior Posterior Posterior ovale ovale Infratemporal, ant. 2/3 of tongue (lingual n.), skin of cheek (buccal n.), mylohyoid & ant. belly digastric (n. to mylohyoid) spinosum Mandibular spinosum Mental Mental Chin Post. opening of pterygoid Hiatus for greater Stylomastoid Ant. opening of pterygoid lacerum/hiatus of facial Petro None internal to inner ear Interior of mandible (lower teeth) (supplies lat. rectus m.) Infratemporal Condylar Cochlea and vestibule of inner ear Jugular Jugular of
4 Tympanic, spinal of trigeminal, and solitarius Inferior ; inferior glosspharyngeal of (via middle ear) Lesser n. X Dorsal vagal Posterior, soltarius, ambiguous spinal of trigeminal auricular n. XI XII Dorsal vagal / vagal Accessory in levels C1-5 of spinal cord of of of Tympanic iculus ovale Infratemporal Jugular Jugular of Mastoid iculus magnum Tympanomastoid Jugular Posterior of ear and inferior membrane of of Available also at:
5 Osteological Tracing of Cranial-Nerve Parasympathetics CN III (Gr. n.) (N.of pterygoid 1 ) ( ) (lesser ) X Nucleus of Origin Terminating Edinger- Westphal from greater ) from of pterygoid ) Inferior from main branch CN ) from via plexus) Dorsal motor of vagus Originating Pterypalatine Posterior Exterior of base of Posterior Enters (through posterior iculus into middle ear) Post. opening of pterygoid Exits Petro (out of middle ear to mandibular ) Hiatus of facial Ant. opening of pterygoid Site of Synapse Cilary Submandibu -lar Delivering branch(es) of CNV Short ciliary s Lingual (V 3 ) (Chorda tympani) Submandibular (digastric triangle) Zygomatic (V 2 ) then lacrimal (V 1 ) - (lacrimal ) Jugular Jugular - - Exterior of base of Tympanic iculus (to plexus in middle ear) ovale - - Otic Jugular Jugular Walls of abdominopelvic viscera Auriculotemporal (V 3 ) (p-s root flows around middle meningeal artery) Infratemporal - Exterior of base of 1 The of the pterygoid, also known as Vidian, is formed when the greater merges with the deep, composed of sympathetic fibers following the internal carotid artery and entering the skull through the carotid. Prepared Exclusively for Bone Clones by Noel Boaz-2006
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