DAY ONE BLOOD. What do you know about blood? What does it do? What is it made of? Where is it made?
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1 BLOOD AND THE HEART
2 DAY ONE BLOOD What do you know about blood? What does it do? What is it made of? Where is it made?
3 BLOOD
4
5 Transports gases Brings in oxygen Removes carbon dioxide MAIN FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD Moves substances around the body Gases Nutrients and waste Hormones White blood cells
6 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BLOOD Blood is a type of CONNECTIVE TISSUE It has two basic components: CELLS = 45% PLASMA = 55%
7 PLASMA The liquid portion of blood. 92% water Also contains nutrients, carbon dioxide, vitamins and plasma proteins
8 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BLOOD CELLS? Red blood cells (RBC) Erythrocyte White blood cells (WBC) Leukocyte Platelets thrombocyte
9
10 Shape Flat RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES) Quantity 5 million/ml Has no nucleus More room to carry oxygen Outnumber white blood cells 1000:1
11 RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES) Filled with Hemoglobin Protein in blood Fe (iron) atom in the middle of it Binds to oxygen and CO2 Each erythrocyte has 250 million hemoglobin molecules
12 WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTES) General function is to protect the body against disease There are a lot of types of WBC, but we will save that for the immune system unit
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14 PLATELETS (THROMBOCYTES) Parts of a cell Blood clots and vessel repair
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16 (HEMOSTASIS) The process of stopping bleeding Involves the coagulation and clotting of the blood to seal the site of damage
17 THREE EVENTS IN HEMOSTASIS 1. Blood Vessel Spasm Seratonin = vasoconstrictor 2. Platelet plug formation 3. Blood coagulation
18 HEMOSTASIS
19 Video: Hemostasis with Balloons Video: blood clot formation
20 DISEASE/DISORDER THROMBUS blood clot EMBOLUS when the clot moves to another place.
21 Nanobots in the blood w9fvfbzi
22 A FEW OTHER COMMON BLOOD DISORDERS Anemia Not enough rbc Leads to oxygen deficiency Sickle cell anemia Funny shaped rbc Leads to oxygen deficiency Poor circulation Positive: Malaria
23 DAY TWO Blood typing What do you know about blood types? How many different blood types are there? What causes different blood types?
24 ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES On the outside of our cells we have proteins and sugars that identify our cells (about 30 of them) = antigens In our blood we have floating proteins that react to foreign substances in the body - antibodies
25 The A, and B refer to antigens You can have all A all B A and B none (O) ABO BLOOD TYPING
26 HOW THIS LOOKS - ANTIGENS
27 Proteins that float in your plasma React to FOREIGN THINGS Type A blood has B antibodies B is foreign ANTIBODIES Type B blood has A antibodies Type AB blood has No antibodies Type O blood has Both antibodies
28 ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES
29 IN THE LAB
30 RH FACTOR Just like ABO Only two choices Rh + (has protein) Rh - (no Protein)
31 QUIZ 1. If I take a persons blood, add A antibodies and it clumps what type of blood do they have? 2. If I take a persons blood and add B antibodies if it never clumps what blood type are they? 3. If a person s blood clumps in all wells what type do they have? 4. If you are type A + who can donate to you?
32 1. What antigens does a person with type A- have? 2. What antibodies does this person have? 3. Who can they donate blood to? 4. Who can they receive blood from? BLOOD TYPING WARM UP 5. If you were to test their blood, which antibodies would cause it to clump?
33 POST LAB QUESTIONS 1. Does a positive phenolphthalein test prove that a stain is caused by blood? Human blood? Explain 2. For samples #3, 4, 5 list which ANTIGENS and ANTIBODIES are present. 3. Based on the cloth testing who is the main suspect? Why? 4. Did the chief suspect have a nose bleed or was this probably a lie? 5. Do your lab results prove that the main suspect is innocent or guilty? Explain 6. Can you ever prove innocence or guilt completely with lab testing? Explain
34 POST LAB QUESTIONS A thief breaks a window of a car parked in a shopping center and steals a purse. You are called to the crime scene. You discover that the thief cut him/herself on the broken window glass. You test the blood in the car and it is O+. A suspect is arrested with a recently bandaged arm wound. You test her blood with the Anti-A and know immediately she is not the person who cut themselves on the window. How do you know this?
35 Cardiovascular system Intro Organs and functions DAY 3
36 CIRCULATE BLOOD Nutrients Gases Waste Hormones Fluids/water FUNCTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
37 STRUCTURES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM HEART BLOOD VESSELS Arteries Veins Capillaries VALVES
38
39 LOCATION OF THE HEART Heart Size about 14 cm x 9 cm (the size of a fist). Located in the space between lungs, backbone, sternum, and ribs
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41 Pericardium encloses the heart (like a bag)
42 Your heart is a double pump. Pulmonary (lungs) systemic (body) HEART CHAMBERS & VALVES
43 Heart has 4 chambers: 2 Atria (right and left) o Small chambers o Thin muscle oblood enters from veins STRUCTURES OF THE HEART 2 Ventricles (right and left) o Large chambers o thick, muscular walls. o Blood enters from atria o THESE ARE THE PUMPS OF THE HEART
44 BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE HEART IT S A CIRCLE!! FROM BODY RIGHT ATRIA RIGHT VENTRICLE LUNGS LEFT ATRIA LEFT VENTRICLE AORTA BODY
45 HEART VALVES Prevent backflow HEART VALVES Between atria and ventricle (AV Valves) Between ventricle and artery (semilunar valves)
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50 1. Superior vena cava 2. Right atria 3. Right ventricle 4. Inferior vena cava 5. Apex 6. Left ventricle 7. Cardiac artery/vein 8. Left atria 9. Pulmonary vein 10.Pulmonary artery 11.Aorta
51
52 ANSWERS 1. Aorta 2. Sup vena cava 3. R Pulmonary artery 4. R. pulmonary vein 5. R atrium 6. AV Valve 7. R ventricle 8. Inf vena cava 9. L Pulmonary artery 10. L pumonary vein 11. L atrium 12. AV Valve 13. Semilunar valve 14. L ventricle 15. Aortic branch
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Circulatory System Review 1. Know the diagrams of the heart, internal and external. a) What is the pericardium? What is myocardium? What is the septum? b) Explain the 4 valves of the heart. What is their