Review Sheet: Emotion/Stress and Health (2-4%)

Transcription

1 Name Ms. Gabriel/Mr. McManus Date Period AP Psychology Review Sheet: Emotion/Stress and Health (2-4%) Theories of Emotion 1) emotion 2) James-Lange theory 3) Cannon-Bard theory 4) two-factor theory 5) Stanley Schachter 6) Robert Zajonc Expressed Emotion 7) Paul Ekman Stress and Health 1) health psychology 2) stress Stress Response System 3) Hans Selye 4) general adaptation syndrome (GAS) a) Phase 1 alarm b) Phase 2 resistance c) Phase 3 exhaustion

2 Theories of Emotion

3 General Adaptation Syndrome

4 1) Gustav was out for his daily walk when he was approached by a thief who demanded his wallet. He immediately felt an increase in his breathing and heart rate. Which of the following accurately describes Gustav s physiological response? a. primacy effect b. avoidance-avoidance conflict c. approach-avoidance conflict d. parasympathetic response e. alarm reaction 2) Which of the following findings about emotions is well supported by research? a. There are several universal emotions. b. Anger is a cognitive state with no physiological correlates. c. The polygraph is highly effective at detecting lies. d. Emotional intelligence is highly correlated with Type A personality. e. The cerebellum is the origin of most emotional experience in the brain. 3) Karen had been working overtime to complete a project so that she could go skiing at the end of the month. On the day of her trip, Karen got sick with the flu and had to cancel. Stress hormones had most likely affected her immune system by a. Hardening her arteries b. Causing the hippocampus to shrink c. Suppressing white blood cells called T lymphocytes d. Diverting too much blood to the heart and thereby overloading the system e. Increasing melatonin release into the bloodstream 4) Melvin, a server at a restaurant, is in the middle of a lunch rush. He is completing orders, serving customers, and seating new guests. He has adapted to this level of stress and is coping. Which of the following terms identifies a stage in Hans Selye s general adaptation syndrome that Melvin is currently experiencing? a. Resistance b. Exhaustion c. Withdrawal d. Alarm e. Pressure 5) According to Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer s theory of emotion, which of the following is true? a. The same physiological response can produce different emotions, depending on the context within which the response occurs and a person s interpretation of that context. b. Environmental events trigger physiological responses from the muscles, which in turn activate specific emotional states. c. Emotional experiences and physiological responses are initiated at the same time. d. Specific hormonal release patterns determine particular emotions. e. Feedback from our facial expressions determines our emotions. 6) Mark, a flight attendant, began his workday in a bad mood. However, by the end of the day, he felt much happier. According to the facial feedback hypothesis, what may have influenced Mark s mood? a. The flight was so full that Mark did not have time to reflect on events that were troubling him. b. The change in flight altitude helped decrease Mark s stress. c. Because it is his job to be courteous to customers, Mark smiled at passengers frequently. d. Mark helped several passengers who then told his supervisor how nice he was. e. Mark is good friends with some of the other flight attendants, and they cheered him up during the flight. 7) Which of the following best supports the hypothesis that basic human emotions, such as sadness, are innate? a. Individuals typically experience a rise in blood pressure when they are afraid or angry. b. Most individuals can distinguish between expressions of different basic emotions during the sensorimotor period. c. Basic emotions are understood and expressed in a similar fashion by individuals from diverse cultures. d. Most individuals can identify their own emotional states from physiological symptoms and the context of their present situation. e. Infants and young animals cry when they are hungry.

5 8) Paul Ekman found that when Japanese students watched films of surgery, they masked their expressions of disgust with a smile when an authority figure entered the room but not when alone. American students maintained their expressions of disgust both alone and in the presence of an authority figure. Ekman s findings illustrate what he calls a. the facial feedback hypothesis b. display rules c. phlegmatic personalities d. the two-factor hypothesis e. adaptation-level phenomenon