Muscles of the Cat Review Sheet

Transcription

1 MUSCLES F THE CHEST 1. Pectoralis major clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages greater tubercle of humerus Flexes, adducts and medially rotates arm (This muscle is superior to Pectoralis minor) MUSCLES F THE CHEST Pectoralis minor ribs 3,4,5 coracoid process of scapula Protraction and depression of scapula 2. (This muscle is inferior to Pectoralis major) 1

2 3. MUSCLES F THE RM D CHEST 5. Pectoralis minor 6. Pectoralis major 11. Brachialis (skip CT; MDEL LY) MUSCLES F THE RM Deltoid clavicle, acromion and scapular spine deltoid tuberosity bducts arm 4. 2

3 MUSCLES F THE RM 5. Biceps brachii coracoid process, supraglenoid tubercle radial tuberosity Flexes elbow, supinates forearm What is its antagonist? MUSCLES F THE RM Brachialis distal anterior humerus coronoid process of ulna Flexes forearm 6. Model only 3

4 MUSCLES F THE RM Triceps brachii nfraglenoid tubercle, posterior humerus olecranon process 7. of ulna Extends forearm What is its antagonist? MUSCLES F THE TECUBTL FSS 8. Brachioradialis lateral supracondylar ridge styloid process of radius Flexes forearm 4

5 MUSCLES F THE TECUBTL FSS Pronator Teres medial epicondyle of humerus 9. lateral radius Pronates and flexes forearm EXTESRS F THE FRERM 10. Extensor digitorum lateral epicondyle of the humerus posterior surfaces of distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Extends fingers and wrist, abducts fingers EXTESRS F THE FRERM 11. 5

6 Extensor carpi radialis lateral epicondyle and supracondylar ridge of humerus Base of 2 nd and 3 rd metacarpal Extends and abducts wrist EXTESRS F THE FRERM Extensor carpi ulnaris lateral epicondyle of humerus 5th metacarpal 12. Extends and adducts wrist FLEXRS F THE FRERM Palmaris longus medial epicondyle of humerus palmar aponeurosis weak flexor of wrist 13. 6

7 FLEXRS F THE FRERM Flexor carpi radialis medial epicondyle of humerus Base of 2 nd & 3 rd metacarpals 14. (tendon easily seen to guide taking pulse of radial artery) Flexes wrist; abducts hand FLEXRS F THE FRERM 15. Flexor carpi ulnaris medial epicondyle of humerus Pisiform, hamate, and fifth metacarpal flexes wrist, adducts hand 7

8 1 2 MUSCLES F THE HD Don t need to know these on the cat, just the human models and the cadaver Extensor pollicis ongus 3 extends thumb Extensor pollicis brevis 16. extends thumb bductor pollicis longus extends and abducts thumb RETCULUM: These are not muscles. They are connective tissue sheaths. Flexor retinaculum Extensor retinaculum 17. MUSCLES F THE BCK Supraspinatus supraspinous fossa 18. greater tubercle of the humerus 8

9 bducts and stabilizes humerus This is one of the Rotator Cuff Muscles MUSCLES F THE BCK This muscle is deep to Trapezius nfraspinatus infraspinous fossa greater tubercle of the humerus 19. What muscle is deep to here? Lateral rotation of humerus This is one of the Rotator Cuff Muscles What muscle is on the inferior surface of the scapula, under here? MUSCLES F THE BCK Subscapularis subscapular fossa lesser tubercle of humerus medial rotation of humerus, stabilizes shoulder joint 20. This is one of the Rotator Cuff Muscles 9

10 MUSCLES F THE BCK 8. Supraspinatus 9. Trapezius 21. MUSCLES F THE BCK. Supraspinatus B. nfraspinatus B

11 MUSCLES F THE BCK D. Subscapularis B. Teres minor C 23. MUSCLES F THE BCK Human model only 1 2 Synergist to Latissimus dorsi Teres Major Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula lesser tubercle of humerus extends, adducts and medially rotates arm 11

12 2-This is one of the Rotator Cuff Muscles 2. Teres Minor lateral border of scapula greater tubercle of humerus Lateral rotation of humerus Synergist to infraspinatus MUSCLES F THE BCK Rhomboids (major and minor) spinous process of C7- T5 25. medial border of scapula Stabilize scapula 12

13 MUSCLES F THE BCK Rhomboids 26. MUSCLES F THE BCK Trapezius ccipital bone, spines of C7 and all Thoracic vertebrae spine and acromion of scapula, lateral clavicle 27. rotates, elevates, extends, and retracts scapula; secondary action: extends head 13

14 MUSCLES F THE BCK Latissimus dorsi lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, iliac crest intertubercular groove of humerus 28. Extends, adducts and medially rotates arm MUSCLES F THE BDME D RBS Linea alba: not a muscle, it is just connective tissue 29. (This is the line that runs midline through the abdomen) BDME D RBS Serratus anterior Ribs 1-8 anterior aspect of medial (vertebral) border of scapula 30. Protracts and rotates scapula superiorly and laterally ( boxer s muscle ) 14

15 MUSCLES F THE BDME D RBS This muscle runs in this pattern \\\\\) External oblique lower 8 ribs 31. linea alba, pubic crest, iliac crest Flexion and rotation of trunk; lateral flexion MUSCLES F THE BDME D RBS nternal oblique liac crest, lumbar fascia, inguinal ligament lower 4 ribs; linea alba; pubic crest 32. Flexion and rotation of trunk; lateral flexion (This muscle runs in this pattern ////////////) 15

16 MUSCLES F THE BDME D RBS Transversus abdominis iliac crest, cartilages of lower 6 ribs linea alba and pubic crest 33. Compresses abdominal wall (This muscle runs in this pattern ========) MUSCLES F THE BDME D RBS This muscle runs in this pattern ) Rectus abdominis pubic crest and pubic symphysis 34. Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process Flexes and rotates trunk 16

17 MUSCLES F THE BDME D RBS External intercostals Elevates ribs for inspiration 35. This is muscle is antagonist to nternal intercostals) What is its antagonist? MUSCLES F THE BDME D RBS (This is muscle is antagonist to External intercostals) nternal intercostals 36. Depresses ribs for forced expiration What is its antagonist? 17

18 MUSCLES F THE BDME D RBS 37. Diaphragm (innervated by phrenic nerve) cartilages of lowest ribs, lumbar vertebrae central tendon Prime mover for respiration Result of contraction the diaphragm moves inferiorly, thoracic cavity volume expands, inhalation Human model only 18

19 PELVC GRDLE Gluteus maximus ilium, sacrum, coccyx gluteal tuberosity of femur Major extensor of thigh 38. PELVC GRDLE 1. Gluteus maximus 2. Gluteus medius ilium greater trochanter of the femur bducts, medially rotates thigh (This is muscle is deep to Gluteus Maximus in a human, but superior to it in a cat) 19

20 PELVC GRDLE 1. Gluteus maximus 2. Gluteus medius 3. Tensor fasciae latae iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine iliotibial tract Steadies trunk on thigh 1 PELVC GRDLE 1. Psoas major 2 lumbar vertebrae lesser trochanter of femur Flexion of thigh and trunk 41. Human model only 20

21 1 PELVC GRDLE 2. liacus 2 liac fossa lesser trochanter of the femur 42. Prime mover in thigh flexion and in flexing trunk Human model only FLEXRS F THE THGH (QUDRCEPS FEMRS MUSCLE GRUP) Rectus femoris anterior inferior iliac spine 43. patella and tibial tuberosity Extends knee and flexes thigh 21

22 What s this? FLEXRS F THE THGH (QUDRCEPS FEMRS MUSCLE GRUP) (This is muscle is deep and medial to Rectus femoris) Vastus medialis linea aspera 44. patella and tibial tuberosity Extends knee FLEXRS F THE THGH (QUDRCEPS FEMRS MUSCLE GRUP) Vastus lateralis Greater trochanter patella and tibial tuberosity Extends knee 45. (This is muscle is deep and lateral to Rectus femoris) 22

23 FLEXRS F THE THGH (QUDRCEPS FEMRS MUSCLE GRUP) Vastus intermedius proximal femur patella and tibial tuberosity Extends knee 46. (This is muscle is deep to Rectus femoris, directly underneath it) EXTESRS F THE THGH (HMSTRGS MUSCLE GRUP) Biceps femoris ischial tuberosity fibula and tibia Extends thigh, flexes knee 47. (This is muscle is on the anterior, lateral side of the thigh) 23

24 EXTESRS F THE THGH (HMSTRGS MUSCLE GRUP) Semimembranosus ischial tuberosity medial condyle of tibia Flexes knee and extends thigh 48. (This is muscle is on the posterior, medial side of the thigh, deep to Semitendinosus) EXTESRS F THE THGH (HMSTRGS MUSCLE GRUP) Semitendinosus ischial tuberosity medial aspect of proximal tibia Extends thigh, flexes knee 49. (This is muscle is on the posterior, medial side of the thigh, superior to semimembranosus 24

25 DDUCTRS D BDUCTRS F THE THGH Sartorius anterior superior iliac spine tibia Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee 50. (This is muscle is longest muscle in the body) DDUCTRS D BDUCTRS F THE THGH Pectineus pubis posterior femur Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates thigh 51. (This is muscle touches the blood vessels in groin) 25

26 DDUCTRS D BDUCTRS F THE THGH Gracilis pubis medial tibia flexes knee, adducts and medially rotates thigh 52. DDUCTRS D BDUCTRS F THE THGH dductor longus pubis near pubic symphysis linea aspera dducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh 53. (This is muscle is on the medial side of Pectineus) 26

27 DDUCTRS D BDUCTRS F THE THGH dductor magnus (= "adductor femoris" in cats) ischium and pubis linea aspera of femur 54. dducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh (This is muscle is on the medial side of dductor longus) DDUCTRS D BDUCTRS F THE THGH Tensor fasciae latae iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine iliotibial tract Steadies trunk on thigh

28 1 2 MUSCLES F THE LEG 1. Gastrocnemius medial and lateral condyles of femur posterior calcaneus via chilles tendon flexes lower leg; 56. plantarflexes foot 1 2 MUSCLES F THE LEG 2. Soleus head of fibula and tibia posterior calcaneus via chilles tendon Plantarflexes foot 57. (This is muscle is deep to Gastrocenimus) 28

29 MUSCLES F THE LEG Tibialis anterior lateral condyle and tibial shaft First metatarsal and medial cuneiform Dorsiflexes and inverts foot 58. What is its antagonist? (This is muscle is the anterior, lateral side of the tibia) MUSCLES F THE LEG Peroneus (fibularis) longus head of fibula First metatarsal and medial cuneiform Plantarflexion and foot eversion 59. (This is muscle is on lateral side of the leg) What is its antagonist? 29

30 MUSCLES F THE TERR ECK (This is muscle forms a V ) Digastric two bellies Mandible and mastoid process hyoid bone pens mouth and 60. depresses mandible MUSCLES F THE TERR ECK Mylohyoid Mandible Hyoid Elevates hyoid

31 MUSCLES F THE TERR ECK Sternocleidomastoid manubrium and clavicle mastoid process Singly, rotates head to opposite shoulder; together, flexes head 62. MUSCLES F THE TERR ECK Sternohyoid manubrium and clavicle hyoid bone Depresses hyoid and larynx

32 64. MUSCLES F THE TERR ECK Sternothyroid manubrium thyroid cartilage Depresses thyroid cartilage 65. MUSCLES F THE TERR ECK Thyrohyoid thyroid cartilage hyoid Depresses hyoid or elevates larynx. Thyrohyoid B. Sternothyroid B

33 MUSCLES F THE EYE Superior rectus dducts and elevates eye 67. MUSCLES F THE EYE nferior rectus dducts and depresses eye 68. MUSCLES F THE EYE Medial rectus dducts eye

34 MUSCLES F THE EYE Lateral rectus bducts eye 70. MUSCLES F THE EYE Superior oblique bducts and depresses eye 71. MUSCLES F THE EYE nferior oblique bducts and elevates eye

35 MUSCLES F FCL EXPRESS Epicranius raises eyebrows and pulls scalp posteriorly 73. MUSCLES F FCL EXPRESS Levator labii superioris Raises upper lip

36 MUSCLES F FCL EXPRESS Zygomaticus raises corners of mouth, smiling muscle 75. MUSCLES F FCL EXPRESS rbicularis oculi Closes eye 76. MUSCLES F FCL EXPRESS rbicularis oris Closes and puckers lips; kissing/whistling muscle

37 MUSCLES F MSTCT Buccinator Compresses cheek (for whistling and sucking) 78. MUSCLES F MSTCT Masseter zygomatic arch angle and ramus of mandible Elevates mandible

38 MUSCLES F MSTCT Temporalis Closes jaw HSTLGY F MUSCLES 1. Skeletal muscle: moves the skeleton 2. Smooth muscle: Found in organs 3. Cardiac muscle: has intercalated discs

39 T S Sarcomere Model Sarcomere (S), Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), Tubules (T), SR erve ()