Anatomy & Physiology. Muscles of the Lower Limbs.
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1 Anatomy & Physiology Muscles of the Lower Limbs
2 Muscles of the Lower Limbs Among the strongest muscles in the body. Because pelvic girdle is composed of heavy, fused bone that allow little movement, no special group of muscles is necessary to stabilize it. Muscle that move leg form the flesh of the thigh. Muscles originating on the leg move the ankle and foot.
3 Muscles of the Lower Limbs Divided into 3 groups Muscles for Movement of the hip Muscles for Movement of the knee Muscles for Movement of the foot
4 Muscles of the Hip Iliacus Psoas Major Gluteus minimus Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus
5 Iliacus Origin Iliac Insertion tendon of Psoas Action Hip flexion, (with Psoas major)
6 Psoas Major Origin T12 and Lumbar vertebrae Insertion lesser trochanter, femur Action - hip flexion
7 Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius Origin Iliac, lateral surface Insertion greater trochanter Action - abduction
8 Gluteus Maximus Origin iliac, sacrum, coccyx Insertion gluteal tuberosity, IT band Action extension of thigh
9 Glute Muscles
10 Anterior Muscles of the Thigh Muscles that Extend the Knee Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Rectus Femoris Sartorius
11 Muscles of the Thigh - Quadriceps
12 Vastus Lateralis Vastus Intermidius Vastus Medilais Origin Greater Trochanter Insertion tibia via patella Action leg extension
13 Rectus Femoris Origin Ilium, acetabulum Insertion tibia via patella Action leg extension PLUS some hip flexion
14 Sartorius Origin iliac spine Insertion tibia, medial shaft Action lateral rotation of thigh
15
16 Posterior Muscles of the Thigh Muscles that Flex the Knee Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps femoris
17 Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Origin ischial tuberosity Insertion tibia medial condyle Action leg flexion
18 Biceps Femoris Origin ischial tuberosity (long) linea aspera of femur (short) Insertion head of fibula Action leg flexion
19 Adductor Muscles of the Thigh Adductor magnus Adductor brevis Adductor longus Gracilis
20 Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Adductor Brevis Origin Pubis Insertion - Femur Action adduction
21 Gracilis Origin ischiopubic ramus Insertion - Upper medial shaft of tibia below sartorius Action Adducts hip. Flexes knee and medially rotates flexed knee
22 Adductor Brevis
23 Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Lower Leg Primarily Flexes the Foot Tibialis Anterior Extensor halluces longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis Tertius Fibularis Longus Fibularis brevis
24 Tibialis Anterior Origin Tibia, lateral condyle Insertion medial tarsal Action dorsiflexion of the ankle
25 Extensor hallucis longus Origin Anterior fibula Insertion Distal phalanx of hallux Action dorsiflexion of the ankle **Hallux means big toe**
26 Extensor digitorum longus Origin Lateral condyle of tibia Insertion middle and distal phalanges of 2 nd & 5 th digits Action Extends 2 nd & 5 th distal Interphalangeal joints
27 Extensor digitorum longus The tendon splits at the ankle into 5 branches 4 to the lesser toes 1 to the lateral foot
28 Fibularis (peroneus) tertius Origin Anterior fibula Insertion 5 th metatarsal Action Dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle. Everts the foot.
29 Fibularis (peroneus) longus Origin Head of fibula Insertion Medial cuneiform and 1 st metatarsal Action Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle. Everts the foot.
30 Fibularis (peroneus) brevis Origin Distal fibula Insertion 5 th metatarsal Action Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle. Everts the foot.
31
32
33 Muscles of the Posterior Compartment Gastrocnemius Soleus of the Lower Leg Primarily Extends the Foot Flexor digitorum longus Flexor halluces longus Tibialis Posterior
34 Gastrocnemius Origin Lateral and medial condyles of the femur Insertion - Calcaneus Action Plantar flexion
35 Soleus Origin Posterior Head of the Fibula Insertion - Calcaneus Action Plantar flexion
36 Flexor digitorum longus Origin Posterior tibia Insertion Distal phalanges of 2 nd & 5 th digits Action Plantar flexion, Inverts the foot, flexes Interphalangeal joints
37 Flexor hallucis longus Origin Middle shaft of fibula Insertion Distal phalanx of hallux Action Plantar flexion, Inverts the foot, flexes all joints of hallux
38 Tibialis posterior Origin Proximal ends of the tibia and fibula Insertion Navicular bone, 2 nd 4 th metatarsals. Action Plantar flexion, Inverts the foot.
39 Overview of Muscles that Extend and Flex the Foot
40 Overview of Muscles that Extend and Flex the Foot
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