Anatomy images for MSS practical exam- 2019

Transcription

1 Anatomy images for MSS practical exam- 2019

2 Ilium Ischium Pubis Acetabulaum Iliac crest Iliac tubercle ASIS (muscle and ligament attached) AIIS (muscle attached) PSIS PIIS Ischial spine Ischial tuberosity (muscles attached) Obturator foramen ASIS:- inguinal ligament & sartorius AIIS:- rectus femoris Ischial tuberosity:- adductor part of adductor magnus semimembranosus, biceps femoris, semi tendinosus sacrotuberous ligament.

3 Ilium Ischium Pubis Iliac crest Iliac fossa (muscle attached) Iliac tuberosity Auricular surface Arcuate and pectineal lines ASIS AIIS PSIS PIIS Ischial spine Obturator foramen iliac fossa:- iliacus

4 greater trochanter:- obturator internus, superior, inferior gemellus muscles obturator externus, gluteus medius and gluteus menimus. lesser trochanter:- psoas major and iliacus gluteal tuberosity:- gluteus maximus Femoral head Femoral neck Greater trochanter (muscles attached) Lesser trochanter (muscles attached) Intertrochanteric line Femoral condyles (M & L) Patellar surface Intertrochanteric crest Gluteal tuberosity (muscle attached) Linea Aspera Intercondylar fossa Popliteal surface

5 Tibial condyles (M & L) Tibial tuberosity (ligament attached) tibial tuberosity:- patellar ligament Soleal line (muscle attached) soleal line:- soleus muscle Medial malleolus insertion of popliteus muscle is above it. Head of fibula (muscle attached) head of fibula:- fibularis longus and Lateral malleolus becips femoris tendon. Upper medial surface (muscles attached, nerve upper medial surface of fibula:- supply and action) 1- extensor digitorum longus:- deep fibular nerve extension of 4 lateral toes and dorsiflexion 2- extensor hallucis longus:- deep fibular nerve extension of big toe.

6 Talus Calcaneus Navicular Medial Cuneiform Intermediate Cuneiform Lateral Cuneiform Cuboid Metatarsal bones (1 st to 5 th ) Phalanges (proximal, middle and distal)

7 Identify the muscles, their action and nerve supply rectus 5 femoris :- femoral nerve 6 flexion of hip joint and extension of knee. 2- vastus medialis:- femoral nerve extension of knee joint. 4- sartorius:- femoral nerve flexion of hip and knee joint 5- iliacus:- femoral nerve flexion of hip 7 joint. 6- psoas major:- anterior rami L1,L2 flexion of hip joint pectineus:- femoral nerve 4 adducts and flex hip joint. 8-adductor longus:- 9 obturator nerve adducts and medially rotate hip joint. 9- gracillis:- obturator nerve flexion 1 of knee and adducts hip joint. 3

8 1 Identify the muscles, their action and nerve supply 2 1- gluteas maximus:- inferior gluteal nerve 3 4 flex,abducts and laterally rotate thigh. extend thigh adductor part of adductor magnus: adduct thigh. 3- semi membrenosus:- sciatic nerve flex knee,extend hip and medially rotate hip and knee joint. 4- semitendinosus:- sciatic nerve flex knee,extend hip and medially rotate hip and knee joint. 5- biceps femoris:- sciatic nerve flex knee,extend hip and laterally rotate hip and knee joint.

9 Identify the muscles, their action and nerve supply 1- gluteus minimis:- superior gluteal nerve 1 abducts and medially rotate hip joint and prevent with gluteas medius 2 tilting down of hip in stance phase in contralateral side. 2- periformis:- nerve to periformis lateral rotation and extension of hip joint. 3- superior gemillus:- nerve to obturator internus. lateral rotation and extension of hip joint obturator internus:- nerve to obturator 5 internus. 4 lateral rotation and extension of hip joint. 5- inferior gemillus:- nerve to quadratus femoris lateral rotation and extension of hip joint quadratus femoris:- nerve to quadratus femoris lateral rotation and extension of hip joint.

10 gluteas minimis:- superior gluteal nerve Identify the muscles, their action and nerve supply abducts and medially rotate hip joint and prevent with gluteas medius tilting down of hip in stance phase in contralateral side. gluteas medius:- superior gluteal nerve abducts and medially rotate hip joint and prevent with gluteas minimus tilting down of hip in stance phase in contralateral side. 1- gluteas maximus:- inferior gluteal nerv extend flex,abducts and laterally thigh.

11 Femur Ilium Ischium Pubis Acetabulum Symphysis pubis Sacroiliac joint Femoral head Femoral neck Greater trochanter Lesser trochanter

12 Lateral meniscus Medial meniscus Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments Medial and lateral collateral ligaments Popliteus tendon

13 Identify the muscles, their action and nerve supply from right to left:1- tibialis anterior:-deep fibular nerve dorsiflexion and inversion. 2- extensor digitorum longus:- deep fibular nerve extension of 4 lateral toes and dorsiflexion. 3- extensor hallucis longus:- deep fibular nerve extension of big toe and dorsiflexion.

14 Identify the muscles, their action and nerve supply 1 1- gastrocnemius:- tibial nerve flexes knee and plantar flexion. 2-soleus:- tibial nerve plantar flexion. 2

15 Identify the muscles, their action and nerve supply fibularis longus:- superficial fibular nerve eversion and plantarflexion of foot. fibularis brevis:- superficial fibular nerve eversion of foot.

16 Identify the muscles, their action and nerve supply right to left:1- tibialis posterior:- tibial nerve inversion and plantar flexion of foot. 2- flexor hallucis longus:- tibial nerve flex big toe. 3- flexor digitorum longus:- tibial nerve flex lateral 4 toes

17 Inguinal ligament Obturator membrane (muscles attached) Sacrospinous ligament Sacrotuberous ligament Greater and lesser sciatic foramina and structures passing through each foramen through greater sciatic foramen:- 7 nerves: Sciatic Nerve: Superior Gluteal Nerve: above periformis Inferior Gluteal Nerve: Pudendal Nerve: Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Nerve to Quadratus Femoris Nerve to Obturator Internus 3 Vessel Sets: Superior Gluteal Artery & Vein:above periformis Inferior Gluteal Artery & vein Internal Pudendal Artery & vein Muscles: Piriformis through lesser sciatic foramen:- the tendon of the Obturator internus internal pudendal vessels pudendal nerve nerve to the obturator internus

18 The muscles forming the boundaries of popliteal fossa Popliteal artery Polpliteal vein Tibial nerve Common fibular nerve Small saphenous vein semimembranosus 2- semitendinosus 3- biceps femoris 4- medial head of gastrocnemius 5- lateral head of gastrocnemiu 4 5

19 Frontal bone Nasal bone Maxilla Zygomatic bone Mandible Supraorbital foramen Infraorbital foramen Mental foramen Superciliary arches Glabella Nasion Anterior nasal spine Vomer Ethmoid

20 Frontal bone Nasal bone Maxilla Zygomatic bone Mandible Parietal bone Occipital bone Temporal bone Sphenoid bone (greater wing) Zygomaticofacial foramen External auditory meatus Mastoid process Styloid process Pterion 1- Frontal 2- Parietal 3-Squamous part of temporal bone 4-Greater wing of sphenoid

21 Cribriform plate of the ethmoid Frontal crest Crista galli Lesser wing of sphenoid Anterior clinoid process Body of sphenoid Foramen magnum Greater wing of the sphenoid Petrous part of the temporal bone Posterior clinoid process Optic canal Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen lacerum Carotid canal Jugular foramen Hypoglossal canal Internal acoustic meatus Internal occipital crest Internal occipital protuberance

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23 Foramen magnum External occipital crest External occipital protuberance Inferior nuchal line Superior nuchal line Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen lacerum Opening for carotid canal Jugular foramen Hypoglossal canal Mastoid process Styloid process Stylomastoid foramen Occipital condyles

24 Coronal suture Sagittal suture Lambdoid suture Bregma Lambda

25 Body Ramus Angle Condylar process (head and neck) Coronoid process Mandibular notch Mandibular foramen Mental foramen Mental protuberance Mylohyoid groove Mylohyoid line

26 Genial tubercle (Mental spine) Digastrics fossa

27 Identify the following muscles (origin, insertion, action and nerve supply): Orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, buccinator, and frontalis

28 Parotid gland Parotid duct Buccinator Submandibular gland Facial artery Facial vein External jugular vein Superficial temporal artery Branches of facial nerve

29 External carotid artery, Facial artery, Maxillary artery, Middle meningeal artery, Superficial temporal artery

30 Common carotid artery External carotid artery Internal carotid artery Internal jugular vein Accessory nerve (spinal)

31 Identify trigeminal nerve and its branches

32 Orbital walls Roof: Orbital plate of frontal bone (1) Lesser wing of sphenoid (2) Floor: Orbital plate of maxilla (3) Lateral wall: Orbital plate of zygomatic bone (4) Greater wing of sphenoid (5) Medial wall: Frontal process of maxilla (6) Lacrimal bone (7) Orbital plate of ethmoid (8)

33 Foramina and fissures of the orbit (and structures passing through) Superior orbital fissure (9) Inferior orbital fissure (10) Optic canal (11) Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina (12, 13) Infraorbital groove and canal (14) Supraorbital foramen (15) Infraorbital foramen (16)

34 Identify the extraocular muscles, their action and nerve supply

35 Outer fibrous coat Cornea Sclera Middle vascular coat Choroid Ciliary body Iris Inner nervous coat Retina Corneoscleral junction (limbus) Pupil Lens Anterior chamber Posterior chamber Aqueous humor Vitreous body Suspensory ligaments of the lens