CAUSES FOR INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CHILDREN IN KARNATAKA

Transcription

1 CAUSES FOR INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CHILDREN IN KARNATAKA Inushkara G V 1, Dr. Parashurama K G 2 1 Rsarch Scholar, 2 Profssor & Chairman, Dpartmnt of Stuis & Rsarch in Social Work, Tumkur Univrsity, Tumkur, Karnataka inu.shkar.gv@gmail.com, p_ram_bdvt@riffmail.com Abstract-- Wor institution is gnrally us for iffrnt kins of rsintial facilitis whr many boys an girls spn a significant prio of thir livs. Ths facilitis may b chilrn homs, car homs, juvnil tntion facilitis, prisons, orphanags, rform schools, instituts for th physically an mntally isabl, tc. Whil thr is no univrsally accpt finition of a chilrn s car institution, most hav th following faturs in common: roun th-clock car of chilrn who liv apart from thir familis an suprvision by rmunrat stuff. This rsarch is intns to qualitativly xplor, analyz an unrstan various root caus or major causs which impact on institutionalization of boys an girls in karnataka. For th purpos of stuy 353 rsponnts ar takn as a sampl from th govrnmntal chilrn homs an nongovrnmntal organisation (ngo) chilrn homs from four istrict of karnataka namly mysuru istrict, bangalor istrict, harwaa istrict, kalburgi istrict which proviing institutional srvics for chilrn n of car an protction. Th ata wr collct from th stuy rval that major rason for institutionalisation for chilrn among boys ar 30 chilrn u to chil labour (21 prcnt), 4 trafficking (3 prcnt), 20 physically challng (14 prcnt), 13 abus chilrn (9 prcnt), 16 violnc chil rights (11 prcnt), 20 bgging (14 prcnt), 14 run away from hom (10 prcnt), 28 stat chilrn (19 prcnt). Among girls ar 18 chilrn u to chil labour (9 prcnt), 66 u to chil marriag (32 prcnt), 36 trafficking (17 prcnt), 17 physically challng (8 prcnt) 29 lov cass (14 prcnt),14 abus chilrn (7 prcnt), 11 violnc chil rights (5 prcnt), 5 bgging (2 prcnt), 7 run away from hom (3 prcnt), 5 stat chilrn (2 prcnt). Rsarchr also scintifically stui to know whthr thr is a significant iffrnt caus impact among boys an girls for institutionalisation. Th stuy statistically rval at.001 significant lvls that thr is a iffrnt caus for institutionalisation of chilrn among boys an girls in karnataka. Ky Wors: Work- Institutionalization, car an protction, chilrn hom. 1. INTRODUCTION Evry nation whthr vlop or vloping pn its futur with th status of th chil. Chil cannot b a vlop rsponsibl an prouctiv mmbr of tomorrow s socity unlss h/sh assur an nvironmnt which is conuciv to his social an physical halth. Th country nglcting chilrn mans it loss to th socity as a whol. If th chilrn ar priv of thir chilhoo-socially, conomically, physically an mntally th nation gts priv of th potntial human rsourcs for social progrss, conomic mpowrmnt, pac an orr, social stability an goo citiznry. A baby, a chil, an aolscnt b it a boy or a girl fins its complt car an protction in th family. Th chil s intgrat vlopmnt namly its physical vlopmnt, ucational vlopmnt is takn car by th family. Family is a strong informal an a lovly institution for a chil, whr th chil fls physically an psychologically scur. But in a socity som of th chilrn s ar not blss to liv in family sinc thr is no parnts or car takrs for thm but som chilrn s ar blss with living family but u to socio conomical rasons thy ar not in a position to liv with th family. It s stimat worlwi aroun 8 million chilrn vn though thy liv in institutions, 90 of thm ar not orphans. So, this stuy will hlp us to unrstan major rason for institutionalization among boys an girls in Karnataka. 11 Volum 3, Issu 4, Octobr - Dcmbr 2018

2 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Hart's Cry Chilrn's Ministry (2009) in its articl Effcts of institutionalization: Goal of prsonality stat that for th full an harmonious prsonality vlopmnt of th chilrn, th chil n to b growing up in a family, in an atmosphr of happinss, lov an unrstaning. This shows th importanc of th family in th nurturing an vlopmnt of th chil. Maj-Ingr,Klingvall (2001), in his articl titl Chilrn in Institutions, has talk about thr important aspcts. Accoringly h has obsrv th first aspct that Chilrn plac in an institution ar sparat from thir parnts, an also oftn from thir siblings an frins. This sparation lavs a p mark on thir vlopmnt an may affct thm up to aulthoo. H stat Survys of th family circumstancs of chilrn in chilrn s homs in both Asia an Latin Amrica show that 90 pr cnt hav on or both parnts aliv. In Eastrn Europ, only an stimat 2-3 pr cnt of chilrn in institutions ar orphans. Th xcption is countris whr war or natural isastrs hav caus th ath of on or both parnts. Sconly, th author has thrown light on th faturs of institutions. Charactristics of th total institution a trm us to scrib th most clos an isolat institutions ar that th chil s ntir lif, i.. ucation an work, lisur an slp, taks plac thr, an that th institution is vry much cut off an isolat from th rst of th community. Thirly, th author has iscuss about th concpt of a Family. H says that a Family is a ynamic concpt that pns on th poch an cultur in which chilrn liv. Th notion of th family oftn has iological connotations in various culturs. Social institutions, laws an wlfar policy rflct th family concpt that srvs as th sirabl norm to which popl s livs ar xpct to conform. Th family is thus a ky arna in th intrfac btwn iniviuals an th communitis in which thy liv. Varthagowry Vasuvan (2009), in hr articl titl Chil Car Institutions as Quality Family, Surrogat (altrnativ) Car Srvics in Sri Lanka argus that an Institutional car for chilrn can b rgar as a form of altrnativ car that is provi in an organiz mannr, whil kping in min th bst intrsts an protction of th chil. It is thrfor imprativ that this altrnativ car shoul rspon to th physical, psychological, motional, social, moral, thical an spiritual ns of chilrn in an ag appropriat mannr. Furthrmor, ths institutions shoul b manag an suprvis by train an motivat staff. But institutionalization by its vry natur las to a mor profssional rlationship btwn aults an th chilrn rathr than on that occurs in th mor natural stting of parntal car or a family. 3. OBJECTIVE 1. To intify causativ factor for institutionalisation of chilrn in Karnataka. 2. To stuy is thr significant iffrnt caus impact among boys an girls for institutionalisation. 4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Rsarch sign is th systmatic mtho an procurs for xploring th information n. It constituts a blu print of th whol rsarch procss. This rsarch is intns to qualitativly xplor, analyz an unrstan various root caus or major causs which impact on institutionalization of boys an girls in Karnataka. Th rsarch sign for th prsnt stuy is scriptiv. Th sign is scriptiv bcaus at on n this rsarch stuy aims to scrib rcor, analys an intrprt th conitions that xist. It was a fact fining invstigation with aquat intrprtation. For th purpos of stuy 353 rsponnts ar takn as a sampl from th Govrnmntal chilrn s homs an nongovrnmntal organization (NGO s) chilrn s hom from four istrict of Karnataka namly Mysuru istrict, Bangalor istrict, Dharwaa istrict, Kalburgi istrict which proviing institutional srvics for chilrn n of car an protction.

3 Tabl I. Showing th Dtails of Causs for institutionalization of Chilrn among istricts Causs for institutionalization of Chilrn Nam of Th District Chil Labo ur Chil Marr iag Traff ickin g Physi cally Chall ng Lov Cas s Abus Chil Violnc Chilr n Bggi ng RAF Hom Stat Chil N-353 Mysuru Bngaluru Dharawa a Kalburgi F F F F F RAF hom- Run Away from hom Tabl No.I rvals th Dtails of Causs for institutionalization of Inmat among istricts, it s foun th major rason for institutionalization of chilrn in Mysuru is Chil Marriag (20.0 Prcnt), Bangalor is Chil Labour (18.1 prcnt), Dharawaa Chil Marriag (21.2 Prcnt), Kalburgi Chil Marriag (22.5 prcnt). Tabl II. Showing th Dtails of Causs for Institutionalization of Chilrn among Govt. an Ngo Hom Causs for Institutionalization of Chilrn among Govt. an Ngo Hom Chil Phy. Abu Violn Chil Traff Lov Chal s c Bg Labou ickin Cas Mar lng Chil Chil ging r g s riag Rights Govr nmnt Hom RAF Hom Stat Chil N- 353 F Volum 3, Issu 4, Octobr - Dcmbr 2018

4 Ngo Hom F F RAF hom- Run Away from hom Tabl No.II rvals th Dtails of Causs for Institutionalization of Chilrn among Govt. an Ngo Hom. Data rvals that at major rason for institutionalization of chilrn at govrnmnt hom was Chil Marriag i.. 48 (19.7 prcnt), also at NGO hom 18 (16.5 prcnt) foun u to chil Marriag. Apart from that rason foun for institutionalization of chilrn at govrnmnt hom 12.7 prcnt u to Chil Labour, 13.1 prcnt u to Trafficking, 9.0 prcnt u to Physically Challng, 7.4 prcnt u to Lov Cass, 9.8 prcnt u to Abus Chil, 4.5 prcnt u to Violnc Chilrn, 7.0 prcnt u to Bgging, 4.5 prcnt u to RAF Hom, 12.3 prcnt u to Stat Chil. Among NGO hom it foun 15.6 prcnt u to Chil Labour, 7.3 prcnt u to Trafficking, 13.8 prcnt u to Physically Challng, 10.1 prcnt u to Lov Cass, 2.8 prcnt u to Abus Chil, 14.7 prcnt u to Violnc Chilrn, 7.3 prcnt u to Bgging, 9.2 prcnt u to RAF Hom, 2.8 prcnt u to Stat Chil. H0 Thr is no significant iffrnc of Causativ factors for th institutionalization among th mal an fmal in chilrn s hom for girls an boys Karnataka. Tabl III Sl. No Nam of th Variabl Boys Girls Gran =N 353 Frquncy Prcnt Frquncy Prcnt Frquncy Prcnt 1. Chil Labour Chil Marriag Trafficking Phy. Challng Lov Cass Abus Chilrn Violnc Chilrn Bgging RAF Hom Stat Chilrn Chi Squar Tst a Dgrs of From 9 Sig. Valu 001 RAF hom- Run Away from hom

5 Th null hypothsis rjct as th ata obtain prov th statistically significant iffrnc Causativ factors for th institutionalization among th mal an fmal in chilrn s hom. An hnc th altrnativ hypothsis (H 1 ) is accpt i.. thr is significant iffrnc of Causativ factors for th institutionalization among th mal an fmal in chilrn s hom for girls an boys Karnataka. 5. MAJOR FINDINGS Th stuy rval that major rason for institutionalisation for chilrn among boys ar 30 (21 prcnt) u to chil labour, 4 (3 prcnt) u to trafficking, 20(14 prcnt) u to physically challng, 13 (9 prcnt) u to abus chilrn, 16(11 prcnt) u to violnc chil rights, 20(14 prcnt) u to bgging, 14(10 prcnt) u to run away from hom, 28 (19 prcnt) u to stat chilrn. Among girls ar 18(9 prcnt) chilrn u to chil labour, 66 (32 prcnt) u to chil marriag, 36(17 prcnt) u to trafficking, 17 (8 prcnt) u to physically challng, 29 (14 prcnt) u to lov cass,14(7 prcnt) u to abus chilrn, 11 (5 prcnt) u to violnc chil rights, 5 (2 prcnt) u to bgging, 7 (3 prcnt)u to run away from hom, 5 (2 prcnt)u to stat chilrn. Rsarch also foun that major rason for institutionalisation of chilrn irrspctiv of gnr 18.7 prcnt u to chil Marriag, 13.6 prcnt u to Chil Labour, 11.3 prcnt u to Trafficking, 10.5 prcnt u to Physically Challng, 8.2 prcnt u to Lov Cass, 7.6 prcnt u to Abus Chilrn, 7.6 prcnt u to Violnc Chil Rights, 7.1 prcnt u to Bgging, 5.9 prcnt u to Run away from family, 9.3 prcnt u to Stat Chilrn. Major rason for institutionalization of chilrn at govrnmnt hom was 48 (19.7 prcnt) u to Chil Marriag, at NGO hom 18 (16.5 prcnt) foun u to chil Marriag. Apart from that, othr rason foun for institutionalization of chilrn at govrnmnt hom 12.7 prcnt u to Chil Labour, 13.1 prcnt u to Trafficking, 9.0 prcnt u to Physically Challng, 7.4 prcnt u to Lov Cass, 9.8 prcnt u to Abus Chil, 4.5 prcnt u to Violnc Chilrn, 7.0 prcnt u to Bgging, 4.5 prcnt u to RAF Hom, 12.3 prcnt u to Stat Chil. Othr Major rason for institutionalization of chilrn at NGO hom it foun that 15.6 prcnt u to Chil Labour, 7.3 prcnt u to Trafficking, 13.8 prcnt u to Physically Challng, 10.1 prcnt u to Lov Cass, 2.8 prcnt u to Abus Chil, 14.7 prcnt u to Violnc Chilrn, 7.3 prcnt u to Bgging, 9.2 prcnt u to RAF Hom, 2.8 prcnt u to Stat Chil. Th Stuy statistically rval at.001 significant lvls that thr is a iffrnt caus for institutionalisation of chilrn among boys an girls in Karnataka. CONCLUSION Chilrn protction mans its protcting chilrn from or against any prciv or ral angr or risk to thir lif, thir prsonhoo an chilhoo. It is about rucing thir vulnrability to any kin of harm an protcting thm in harmful situations. It is about nsuring that no chil falls out of th social scurity an safty nt an, thos who o, rciv ncssary car, protction an support so as to bring thm back into th safty nt. Whil protction is a right of vry chil, som chilrn ar mor vulnrabl than othrs an n spcial attntion. In orr to nsur car an protction of chilrn from th vulnrabilitis many institutions ar stablish by govrnmnt an NGOs as chilrn s homs. But whn w stuy major rasons for institutionalization of chilrn it foun that chil labour, chil marriag, trafficking, physically challng, lov cass, abus, violnc chil rights, bgging, run away from hom, stat chilrn ar rasons for thir institutionalization which ar sociological in natur. Th parnts an socity is irctly or inirctly contributing abov caus an institutionalization of ths chilrn. So, parnts an socity shoul tak rsponsibly of ths chilrn an provi ncssary car an protction to th chilrn at hom an socity lvl. So that chilrn can b avoi of bing institutionaliz an can b contribut for halthy vlopmnt of th chilrn. 15 Volum 3, Issu 4, Octobr - Dcmbr 2018

6 REFERENCES [1] Klingvall, Maj-Ingr ( 2001 ) : Chilrn in Institutions, Intrnational Dvlopmnt Coopration, Stockholm, May Ministr for Dvlopmnt Coopration [2] Varthagowry Vasuvan (2009): Chil Car Institutions as Quality Family, Surrogat (altrnativ), Car srviccs in Srilanka, Volum 74, Dcmbr. [3] Annual Rport (1997) : A Psycho-social stuy of th chilrn of prostituts (commrcial sx workrs) with focus on thir rhabilitation, Organisation for Appli Socio Economic Systms, Nw Dlhi. 50 p. [4] Annual Rport (2017) : Altrnativ Car For Chilrn: Policy An Practic, SOS Chilrn s Villags of Inia Tata In collaboration with Institut of Social Scincs, March. [5]