Lack of GPR88 enhances medium spiny neuron activity and alters. motor- and cue- dependent behaviors
|
|
|
- Cameron Lamb
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lack of GPR88 enhances medium spiny neuron activity and alters motor- and cue- dependent behaviors Albert Quintana, Elisenda Sanz, Wengang Wang, Granville P. Storey, Ali D. Güler Matthew J. Wanat, Bryan A. Roller, Anna La Torre, Paul S. Amieux, G. Stanley McKnight, Nigel S. Bamford and Richard D. Palmiter Supplementary Figures and Tables Supplementary Figure 1. Intact striatal cell populations in Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice No differences in the staining for markers of striatal interneurons (Chat, Calretinin, NPY, Parvalbumin) or MSNs (Dynorphin, Enkephalin) were observed in striata of Gpr88 Cre/Cre (Cre/Cre) mice compared to Gpr88 +/+ (+/+; n=3 each). Enkephalin immunoreactivity is primarily observed in the terminals. Hence, globus pallidus is shown. Scale bars: Chat to Parvalbumin: 250 µm. Dynorphin: 125 µm. Enkephalin: 1000 µm. 1
2 Supplementary Figure 2. Locomotor responses and pain sensitivity of Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice in several behavioral tests (a) Swim speeds of Gpr88 +/+ (n=12) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=9) in each of the probe trials in the Morris water maze. (Student T-test, n.s.). (b) Distance traveled by Gpr88 +/+ (n=14) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=10) mice during the probe trials in the Morris water maze (Student T-test, n.s.) (c-d) Latencies to swim to the decision point (end of stem, c; F (1,19) =7.31, ** p<0.01, genotype, rmanova, turn-phase, Bonferroni post-test) or the platform (d, F (1,19) =5.29, * p<0.05 (turn-phase) and F (1,19) =7.46, *** p<0.001(cue-phase), genotype, Bonferroni post-test) of Gpr88 +/+ (n=12) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=9) mice in the U-maze test (e) Latencies to escape after the tone in a two-way active avoidance test of Gpr88 +/+ (n=14) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=10) mice. Student T-test (n.s.). (f) Latencies to escape a shock in a two-way active avoidance test of Gpr88 +/+ (n=14) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=10) mice. Student T-test (n.s.). 2
3 Supplementary Figure 3. Electrode placement and control experiments for striatal in vivo multi-unit recording 3
4 Supplementary Figure 3. Electrode placement and control experiments for striatal in vivo multi-unit recording (a) Representative image of an hematoxylin staining showing electrode placement (left panel, white arrow). Scale bar: 250 µm. Diagrams show correct electrode placement in the dorsal striatum (CPu) of all recorded animals (n=6 Gpr88 +/+, n=6 Gpr88 Cre/Cre ). (b,c) Locomotor activity (b; F(1,12)=9.44, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, genotype, rmanova Bonferroni post-test) and number of rearings (c; F(1,12)=7.04, * p<0.05, genotype, rmanova Bonferroni post-test) of Gpr88 +/+ (n=8) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=6) mice after 10- min daily exposure to the recording environment and analyzed using Ethovision software (Noldus). (d,e) Examples of multi-unit clusterings and waveforms for Gpr88 +/+ (d) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (e). Units 2 and 3 (d) and 2,3,4 (e) presented valley widths greater than 300µs and were considered putative MSNs. For simplicity, waveforms for some clusters is not shown (dark gray). Non clustered areas are shown in light gray. No differences in clustering statistics were observed from recordings containing putative MSNs (for single unit clusters, comparisons are made against unsorted spikes, Gpr88 +/+ vs. Gpr88 Cre/Cre : F=10.88±4.69 vs ±8.59; J3=1.28±0.31 vs. 1.47±0.44; PsF=17603±5962 vs ±4714; DB 0.32±0.03 vs. 0.27±0.02; Dn=1.56±0.11 vs. 1.85±0.20,; for multi-unit clusters, Gpr88 +/+ vs. Gpr88 Cre/Cre : F=19.53±2.90 vs ±4.64; J3=8.57±1.92 vs. 7.20±2.09; PsF=69669±26758 vs ±10443; DB 0.60±0.15 vs. 0.37±0.07; Dn=1.56±0.29 vs. 1.94±0.33). All values are given as mean ± SEM. 4
5 Supplementary Figure 4. K+ Current responses in MSNs and altered D1R- and D2R- mediated responses in Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice 5
6 Supplementary Figure 4. K+ Current responses in MSNs and altered D1R- and D2R- mediated responses in Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice (a)voltage-current relationships for the mean raw and Cs+-sensitive currents and current densities in Gpr88 +/+ and Gpr88 Cre/Cre MSNs. (b) Voltage-step protocol and representative traces in MSNs from Gpr88 +/+ (n=10) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=7) mice showing evoked currents, effects of 1 mm Cs+ and digitally subtracted Cs+-sensitive currents. Calibration bars refer to all traces. (c) Representative sections of retrobead labeling of direct and indirect pathway MSNs. For direct pathway MSN labeling, red retrobeads were stereotaxically injected in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). Colocalization with GFP (green) in the striatum (CPu) denotes targeting of SNr (direct) projecting MSNs (white arrows). For indirect pathway MSN labeling, green retrobeads were stereotaxically injected in the Globus pallidus external part (GPe). Colocalization of green beads with GFP (red) in the striatum denotes targeting of GPe (indirect) projecting MSNs (white arrows). cp: cerebral peduncle. LV: Lateral Ventricle. Scale bar: Injection site: 250 µm; Close-ups: 17 µm (d) Mean tonic GABA currents in whole-cell patch clamp recordings of retrobead-labeled direct (D1+; n=5 cells, 3 mice) or indirect (D2+; n=6 cells, 3 mice) MSNs from Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice show equivalent responses following bicuculline. Grey line denotes Gpr88 +/+ values (from Fig. 5c) as reference. (e-f) Evoked EPSCs from retrobead-labeled direct (D1+; n=7 cells, 3 mice) or indirect (D2+; n=9 cells, 3 mice) MSNs from Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice MSNs had similar mean peak evoked currents with increasing stimulation intensity (e) and similar average stimulation currents required to reach threshold (f).grey lines denote Gpr88 +/+ values (from Fig. 5k,l) as reference. (g) Locomotor activity (90 min) of Gpr88 +/+ (n=5) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=5) mice after daily (5-day) amphetamine administration (sal: saline). F(1,8)=9.80, *p<0.05, genotype, rmanova. (h) Locomotor activity (60 min) of Gpr88 +/+ (n=6) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=6) mice in response to increasing doses of D1R agonist SKF F(1,10)=9.18, *p<0.05, genotype, rmanova; Bonferroni post-test). (i) Locomotor activity (3 h) of Gpr88 +/+ (n=6) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (n=5) mice in response to increasing doses of D2R agonist quinpirole. F(1,9)=49.91, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, genotype, rmanova; Bonferroni post-test). 6
7 Supplementary Figure 5. Full-length blots from Figure 6b Images of western blot gels with molecular weight markers from Figure 6b. 7
8 Supplementary Figure 6. Virally-mediated GPR88 transduction 8
9 Supplementary Figure 6. Virally-mediated GPR88 transduction (a) Schematic representation of the AAV-based viral vector used for in vitro neuronal transduction: AAV-CBA-GPR88-TdTomato. (b) Neuronal primary cultures transduced with AAV-CBA-GPR88 show targeting of the fusion protein to the membrane Colocalization of TdTomato with PSD95 (b, arrows). Bottom row: Higher magnification image from top row (dashed square). (c) TdTomato-expressing boutons are found in close proximity of the pre-synaptic marker bassoon (arrows). Bottom row: Higher magnification image from top row (dashed square). Bar: b (top row): 35 µm; (bottom row): 10 µm. c (top row):10 µm; (bottom row): 5.75 µm. (d) Extensive rostro-caudal TdTomato expression was observed in VR-KO mice, which was restricted to the striatum. LV: Lateral ventricle. 3V: Third ventricle. CPu: Caudate-Putamen. HPC: Hippocampus. Scale bar: 1000 µm. 9
10 Supplementary Table 1. Characterization of Gpr88-Cre mediated reporter expression. Description of nuclei showing Gpr88-Cre dependent recombination after breeding with floxed-stop TdTomato reporter mice. The percentage of red cells in each positive nucleus was estimated. 10
11 Supplementary Table 2. Striatal monoamine and metabolite content in Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice Striatal monoamine and metabolites content in Gpr88 +/+ and Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice (n=9 each). Striatal punches (1mm diameter) were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and contents determined by HPLC (CMN/KC Neurochemistry Core Lab, Vanderbilt University). *p<0.05, Student t-test, two-tailed. Supplementary Table 3. Striatal gene expression changes in Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice (a) Gene ontology analysis of the selected genes in an Illumina Beadarray analysis in striatal punches of Gpr88 +/+ and Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice (n=2) each. Selection criteria was a fold-difference >1.2 and DiffScore> 13 or p<0.05. The top two over-represented families are shown. 11
12 Supplementary Table 3 (cont.). Striatal gene expression changes in Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice (b) Genes upregulated in Gpr88 +/+ striata in an Illumina Beadarray analysis in striatal punches of Gpr88 +/+ (WT) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (KO) mice (n=2) each. Selection criteria was a fold-difference >1.35 and DiffScore>13 or p<
13 Supplementary Table 3 (cont.). Striatal gene expression changes in Gpr88 Cre/Cre mice (c) Genes upregulated in Gpr88 Cre/Cre striata in an Illumina Beadarray analysis in striatal punches of Gpr88 +/+ (WT) and Gpr88 Cre/Cre (KO) mice (n=2) each. Selection criteria was a fold-difference >1.35 and DiffScore>13 or p<
14 Supplementary Table 4. qrt-pcr and genotyping primer sequences All qrt-pcr primers, except those for Gpr88h/m, were selected using primerbank database. Sequences are provided 5 to 3. 14
Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Localization of virus injections. (a) Schematic showing the approximate center of AAV-DIO-ChR2-YFP injection sites in the NAc of Dyn-cre mice (n=8 mice, 16 injections; caudate/putamen,
NS219: Basal Ganglia Anatomy
NS219: Basal Ganglia Anatomy Human basal ganglia anatomy Analagous rodent basal ganglia nuclei Basal ganglia circuits: the classical model of direct and indirect pathways + Glutamate + - GABA - Gross anatomy
Anatomy of the basal ganglia. Dana Cohen Gonda Brain Research Center, room 410
Anatomy of the basal ganglia Dana Cohen Gonda Brain Research Center, room 410 danacoh@gmail.com The basal ganglia The nuclei form a small minority of the brain s neuronal population. Little is known about
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Trial structure for go/no-go behavior
Supplementary Figure 1 Trial structure for go/no-go behavior a, Overall timeline of experiments. Day 1: A1 mapping, injection of AAV1-SYN-GCAMP6s, cranial window and headpost implantation. Water restriction
Basal Ganglia Anatomy, Physiology, and Function. NS201c
Basal Ganglia Anatomy, Physiology, and Function NS201c Human Basal Ganglia Anatomy Basal Ganglia Circuits: The Classical Model of Direct and Indirect Pathway Function Motor Cortex Premotor Cortex + Glutamate
Zhu et al, page 1. Supplementary Figures
Zhu et al, page 1 Supplementary Figures Supplementary Figure 1: Visual behavior and avoidance behavioral response in EPM trials. (a) Measures of visual behavior that performed the light avoidance behavior
Supplemental Information. Dorsal Raphe Dual Serotonin-Glutamate Neurons. Drive Reward by Establishing Excitatory Synapses
Cell Reports, Volume 26 Supplemental Information Dorsal Raphe Dual Serotonin-Glutamate Neurons Drive Reward by Establishing Excitatory Synapses on VTA Mesoaccumbens Dopamine Neurons Hui-Ling Wang, Shiliang
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. Rett Syndrome Mutation MeCP2 T158A Disrupts DNA Binding, Protein Stability and ERP Responses
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Rett Syndrome Mutation T158A Disrupts DNA Binding, Protein Stability and ERP Responses Darren Goffin, Megan Allen, Le Zhang, Maria Amorim, I-Ting Judy Wang, Arith-Ruth S. Reyes,
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Diverse anorexigenic signals induce c-fos expression in CEl PKC-δ + neurons
Supplementary Figure 1 Diverse anorexigenic signals induce c-fos expression in CEl PKC-δ + neurons a-c. Quantification of CEl c-fos expression in mice intraperitoneal injected with anorexigenic drugs (a),
Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Arcuate ChIEF-tdTomato neurons expressed TH These micrographs show that TH-Cre-ChIEF-tdTomato (magenta), expressed by AAV in a TH-Cre mouse, were immunostained with TH (green) in
Supplemental Information. Melanopsin-Encoded Response Properties. of Intrinsically Photosensitive. Retinal Ganglion Cells
Neuron, Volume 90 Supplemental Information Melanopsin-Encoded Response Properties of Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells Ludovic S. Mure, Megumi Hatori, Quansheng Zhu, James Demas, Irene
Basal Ganglia. Introduction. Basal Ganglia at a Glance. Role of the BG
Basal Ganglia Shepherd (2004) Chapter 9 Charles J. Wilson Instructor: Yoonsuck Choe; CPSC 644 Cortical Networks Introduction A set of nuclei in the forebrain and midbrain area in mammals, birds, and reptiles.
Nature Methods: doi: /nmeth Supplementary Figure 1. Activity in turtle dorsal cortex is sparse.
Supplementary Figure 1 Activity in turtle dorsal cortex is sparse. a. Probability distribution of firing rates across the population (notice log scale) in our data. The range of firing rates is wide but
Supplementary Figure 1. Recording sites.
Supplementary Figure 1 Recording sites. (a, b) Schematic of recording locations for mice used in the variable-reward task (a, n = 5) and the variable-expectation task (b, n = 5). RN, red nucleus. SNc,
Suppl. Information Supplementary Figure 1. Strategy/latency analysis of individual mice during maze learning. a,
Goal-oriented searching mediated by ventral hippocampus early in trial-and-error learning Ruediger, S, Spirig, D., Donato, F., Caroni, P. Suppl. Information Supplementary Figure 1. Strategy/latency analysis
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature11306 Supplementary Figures Supplementary Figure 1. Basic characterization of GFP+ RGLs in the dentate gyrus of adult nestin-gfp mice. a, Sample confocal images
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Confirmation that optogenetic inhibition of dopaminergic neurons affects choice
Supplementary Figure 1 Confirmation that optogenetic inhibition of dopaminergic neurons affects choice (a) Sample behavioral trace as in Figure 1d, but with NpHR stimulation trials depicted as green blocks
Teach-SHEET Basal Ganglia
Teach-SHEET Basal Ganglia Purves D, et al. Neuroscience, 5 th Ed., Sinauer Associates, 2012 Common organizational principles Basic Circuits or Loops: Motor loop concerned with learned movements (scaling
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi: 10.1038/nature06994 A phosphatase cascade by which rewarding stimuli control nucleosomal response A. Stipanovich*, E. Valjent*, M. Matamales*, A. Nishi, J.H. Ahn, M. Maroteaux, J. Bertran-Gonzalez,
Supplementary Figure 1 Information on transgenic mouse models and their recording and optogenetic equipment. (a) 108 (b-c) (d) (e) (f) (g)
Supplementary Figure 1 Information on transgenic mouse models and their recording and optogenetic equipment. (a) In four mice, cre-dependent expression of the hyperpolarizing opsin Arch in pyramidal cells
Supplemental Information. A Visual-Cue-Dependent Memory Circuit. for Place Navigation
Neuron, Volume 99 Supplemental Information A Visual-Cue-Dependent Memory Circuit for Place Navigation Han Qin, Ling Fu, Bo Hu, Xiang Liao, Jian Lu, Wenjing He, Shanshan Liang, Kuan Zhang, Ruijie Li, Jiwei
A. General features of the basal ganglia, one of our 3 major motor control centers:
Reading: Waxman pp. 141-146 are not very helpful! Computer Resources: HyperBrain, Chapter 12 Dental Neuroanatomy Suzanne S. Stensaas, Ph.D. April 22, 2010 THE BASAL GANGLIA Objectives: 1. What are the
Supplementary Materials for VAMP4 directs synaptic vesicles to a pool that selectively maintains asynchronous neurotransmission
Supplementary Materials for VAMP4 directs synaptic vesicles to a pool that selectively maintains asynchronous neurotransmission Jesica Raingo, Mikhail Khvotchev, Pei Liu, Frederic Darios, Ying C. Li, Denise
Genesis of cerebellar interneurons and the prevention of neural DNA damage require XRCC1.
Genesis of cerebellar interneurons and the prevention of neural DNA damage require XRCC1. Youngsoo Lee, Sachin Katyal, Yang Li, Sherif F. El-Khamisy, Helen R. Russell, Keith W. Caldecott and Peter J. McKinnon.
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Drd1a-Cre driven ChR2 expression in the SCN. (a) Low-magnification image of a representative Drd1a-ChR2 coronal brain section (n = 2) showing endogenous tdtomato fluorescence (magenta).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:10.1038/nature12652 Supplementary Figure 1. PRDM16 interacts with endogenous EHMT1 in brown adipocytes. Immunoprecipitation of PRDM16 complex by flag antibody (M2) followed by Western blot analysis
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn.4335
Supplementary Figure 1 Cholinergic neurons projecting to the VTA are concentrated in the caudal mesopontine region. (a) Schematic showing the sites of retrograde tracer injections in the VTA: cholera toxin
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn.4642
Supplementary Figure 1 Recording sites and example waveform clustering, as well as electrophysiological recordings of auditory CS and shock processing following overtraining. (a) Recording sites in LC
Supplemental Figure 1. Intracranial transduction of a modified ptomo lentiviral vector in the mouse
Supplemental figure legends Supplemental Figure 1. Intracranial transduction of a modified ptomo lentiviral vector in the mouse hippocampus targets GFAP-positive but not NeuN-positive cells. (A) Stereotaxic
Supplementary Figure 1. SybII and Ceb are sorted to distinct vesicle populations in astrocytes. Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn.
Supplementary Figure 1 SybII and Ceb are sorted to distinct vesicle populations in astrocytes. (a) Exemplary images for cultured astrocytes co-immunolabeled with SybII and Ceb antibodies. SybII accumulates
Connections of basal ganglia
Connections of basal ganglia Introduction The basal ganglia, or basal nuclei, are areas of subcortical grey matter that play a prominent role in modulating movement, as well as cognitive and emotional
Damage on one side.. (Notes) Just remember: Unilateral damage to basal ganglia causes contralateral symptoms.
Lecture 20 - Basal Ganglia Basal Ganglia (Nolte 5 th Ed pp 464) Damage to the basal ganglia produces involuntary movements. Although the basal ganglia do not influence LMN directly (to cause this involuntary
A. General features of the basal ganglia, one of our 3 major motor control centers:
Reading: Waxman pp. 141-146 are not very helpful! Computer Resources: HyperBrain, Chapter 12 Dental Neuroanatomy Suzanne S. Stensaas, Ph.D. March 1, 2012 THE BASAL GANGLIA Objectives: 1. What are the main
GBME graduate course. Chapter 43. The Basal Ganglia
GBME graduate course Chapter 43. The Basal Ganglia Basal ganglia in history Parkinson s disease Huntington s disease Parkinson s disease 1817 Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the
Dep. Control Time (min)
aa Control Dep. RP 1s 1 mv 2s 1 mv b % potentiation of IPSP 2 15 1 5 Dep. * 1 2 3 4 Time (min) Supplementary Figure 1. Rebound potentiation of IPSPs in PCs. a, IPSPs recorded with a K + gluconate pipette
Supplemental information Acid-sensing ion channel 1a contributes to hippocampal LTP inducibility through multiple mechanisms
Supplemental information Acid-sensing ion channel 1a contributes to hippocampal LTP inducibility through multiple mechanisms Ming-Gang Liu, Hu-Song Li, Wei-Guang Li, Yan-Jiao Wu, Shi-Ning Deng, Chen Huang,
Wenqin Hu, Cuiping Tian, Tun Li, Mingpo Yang, Han Hou & Yousheng Shu
Distinct contributions of Na v 1.6 and Na v 1.2 in action potential initiation and backpropagation Wenqin Hu, Cuiping Tian, Tun Li, Mingpo Yang, Han Hou & Yousheng Shu Supplementary figure and legend Supplementary
Supplementary Figure 1
8w Pia II/III IV V VI PV EYFP EYFP PV EYFP PV d PV EYFP Supplementary Figure a Spike probability x - PV-Cre d Spike probability x - RS RS b e Spike probability Spike probability.6......8..... FS FS c f
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Behavioral training.
Supplementary Figure 1 Behavioral training. a, Mazes used for behavioral training. Asterisks indicate reward location. Only some example mazes are shown (for example, right choice and not left choice maze
Nature Biotechnology: doi: /nbt Supplementary Figure 1. Analysis of hair bundle morphology in Ush1c c.216g>a mice at P18 by SEM.
Supplementary Figure 1 Analysis of hair bundle morphology in Ush1c c.216g>a mice at P18 by SEM. (a-c) Heterozygous c.216ga mice displayed normal hair bundle morphology at P18. (d-i) Disorganized hair bundles
Basal Ganglia George R. Leichnetz, Ph.D.
Basal Ganglia George R. Leichnetz, Ph.D. OBJECTIVES 1. To understand the brain structures which constitute the basal ganglia, and their interconnections 2. To understand the consequences (clinical manifestations)
BMI risk SNPs associate with increased CADM1 and CADM2 expression in the cerebellum of human subjects.
Supplementary Figure 1 BMI risk SNPs associate with increased CADM1 and CADM2 expression in the cerebellum of human subjects. Boxplots show the 25% and 75% quantiles of normalized mrna expression levels
Basal Ganglia. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Basal Ganglia Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Graduate School Discussion Wednesday, Nov 1, 11:00am MoosT 2-690 with Paul Mermelstein (invite your friends)
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Supplementary Figure 1. Normal AMPAR-mediated fepsp input-output curve in CA3-Psen cdko mice. Input-output curves, which are plotted initial slopes of the evoked fepsp as function of the amplitude of the
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Iliopsoas and quadratus lumborum motor neurons in the L2 spinal segment.
Supplementary Figure 1 Iliopsoas and quadratus lumborum motor neurons in the L2 spinal segment. (A) IL and QL motor neurons were labeled after CTb-488 (green) muscle injections at birth. At P4, the L2
Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 1. Short latency of the fepsp evoked in CA3 by electrical stimulation of perforant path inputs (a) Single and superimposed representative perforant pathway-ca3
Supplementary Materials for
advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1/10/e1500775/dc1 Supplementary Materials for Structural-functional connectivity deficits of neocortical circuits in the Fmr1 /y mouse model of autism Matthias
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Distribution of starter cells for RV-mediated retrograde tracing.
Supplementary Figure 1 Distribution of starter cells for RV-mediated retrograde tracing. Parcellation of cortical areas is based on Allen Mouse Brain Atlas and drawn to scale. Thick white curves, outlines
Computational cognitive neuroscience: 8. Motor Control and Reinforcement Learning
1 Computational cognitive neuroscience: 8. Motor Control and Reinforcement Learning Lubica Beňušková Centre for Cognitive Science, FMFI Comenius University in Bratislava 2 Sensory-motor loop The essence
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. ACx plasticity is required for fear conditioning.
Supplementary Figure 1 ACx plasticity is required for fear conditioning. (a) Freezing time of conditioned and control mice before CS presentation and during CS presentation in a new context. Student s
Basal Ganglia General Info
Basal Ganglia General Info Neural clusters in peripheral nervous system are ganglia. In the central nervous system, they are called nuclei. Should be called Basal Nuclei but usually called Basal Ganglia.
Supplementary Figure 1. Microglia do not show signs of classical immune activation following MD a-b. Images showing immunoreactivity for MHCII (a)
1 Supplementary Figure 1. Microglia do not show signs of classical immune activation following MD a-b. Images showing immunoreactivity for MHCII (a) and CD45 (b) in fixed sections of binocular visual cortex
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Atlas representations of the midcingulate (MCC) region targeted in this study compared against the anterior cingulate (ACC) region commonly reported. Coronal sections are shown on
File name: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Table and Supplementary References
File name: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Table and Supplementary References File name: Supplementary Data 1 Description: Summary datasheets showing the spatial
mtorc2 controls actin polymerization required for consolidation of long-term memory
CORRECTION NOTICE Nat. Neurosci.; doi:1.138/nn.3351 mtorc2 controls actin polymerization required for consolidation of long-term memory Wei Huang, Ping Jun Zhu, Shixing Zhang, Hongyi Zhou, Loredana Stoica,
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Bidirectional optogenetic modulation of the tonic activity of CEA PKCδ + neurons in vitro. a, Top, Cell-attached voltage recording illustrating the blue light-induced increase in
Theta sequences are essential for internally generated hippocampal firing fields.
Theta sequences are essential for internally generated hippocampal firing fields. Yingxue Wang, Sandro Romani, Brian Lustig, Anthony Leonardo, Eva Pastalkova Supplementary Materials Supplementary Modeling
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. Supplementary Figure 1
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary Figure 1 The supralinear events evoked in CA3 pyramidal cells fulfill the criteria for NMDA spikes, exhibiting a threshold, sensitivity to NMDAR blockade, and all-or-none
Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Global TeNT expression effectively impairs synaptic transmission. Injection of 100 pg tent mrna leads to a reduction of vesicle mediated synaptic transmission in the spinal cord
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:1.138/nature9553 Supplementary Table 1. Overlap of neuronal marker and PKC- expression in CEl. Marker/PKC- PKC- Marker Gad65 87.4±4.7 5.3±12.6 CRH 1.2±1. 16.9±15.2 Dyn 1.9±1.2 4.5±2.9 Enk 42.8±7.4
GABA from reactive astrocytes impairs memory in mouse models of Alzheimer disease
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION from reactive astrocytes impairs memory in mouse models of Alzheimer disease Seonmi Jo *, Oleg Yarishkin *, Yu Jin Hwang, Ye Eun Chun, Mijeong Park, Dong Ho Woo, Jin Young Bae,
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Quantification of myelin fragments in the aging brain (a) Electron microscopy on corpus callosum is shown for a 18-month-old wild type mice. Myelin fragments (arrows) were detected
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 107A. Motor Systems: Basal Ganglia. Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D.
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 107A Motor Systems: Basal Ganglia Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D. Two major descending s Pyramidal vs. extrapyramidal Motor cortex Pyramidal system Pathway for voluntary movement Most fibers originate
Supplementary Figure 1. Microdialysis measurements of extracellular dopamine in ventral and dorsal striatum.
Supplementary Figure 1 Microdialysis measurements of extracellular dopamine in ventral and dorsal striatum. A. Behavioural preparation. Mice are placed in an operant box where a spout containing the artificial
Supplementary Table 1. List of primers used in this study
Supplementary Table 1. List of primers used in this study Gene Forward primer Reverse primer Rat Met 5 -aggtcgcttcatgcaggt-3 5 -tccggagacacaggatgg-3 Rat Runx1 5 -cctccttgaaccactccact-3 5 -ctggatctgcctggcatc-3
Ube3a is required for experience-dependent maturation of the neocortex
Ube3a is required for experience-dependent maturation of the neocortex Koji Yashiro, Thorfinn T. Riday, Kathryn H. Condon, Adam C. Roberts, Danilo R. Bernardo, Rohit Prakash, Richard J. Weinberg, Michael
Tuning properties of individual circuit components and stimulus-specificity of experience-driven changes.
Supplementary Figure 1 Tuning properties of individual circuit components and stimulus-specificity of experience-driven changes. (a) Left, circuit schematic with the imaged component (L2/3 excitatory neurons)
293T cells were transfected with indicated expression vectors and the whole-cell extracts were subjected
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary Figure 1. Formation of a complex between Slo1 and CRL4A CRBN E3 ligase. (a) HEK 293T cells were transfected with indicated expression vectors and the whole-cell
Supplementary Figure 1. SDS-FRL localization of CB 1 in the distal CA3 area of the rat hippocampus. (a-d) Axon terminals (t) in stratum pyramidale
Supplementary Figure 1. SDS-FRL localization of CB 1 in the distal CA3 area of the rat hippocampus. (a-d) Axon terminals (t) in stratum pyramidale (b) show stronger immunolabeling for CB 1 than those in
SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES
SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES 1 Supplementary Figure 1, Adult hippocampal QNPs and TAPs uniformly express REST a-b) Confocal images of adult hippocampal mouse sections showing GFAP (green), Sox2 (red), and REST
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Splenic atrophy and leucopenia caused by T3 SCI.
Supplementary Figure 1 Splenic atrophy and leucopenia caused by T3 SCI. (a) Gross anatomy of representative spleens from control and T3 SCI mice at 28 days post-injury. (b and c) Hematoxylin and eosin
TGF-β Signaling Regulates Neuronal C1q Expression and Developmental Synaptic Refinement
Supplementary Information Title: TGF-β Signaling Regulates Neuronal C1q Expression and Developmental Synaptic Refinement Authors: Allison R. Bialas and Beth Stevens Supplemental Figure 1. In vitro characterization
Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 1 SNARE Probes for FRET/2pFLIM Analysis Used in the Present Study. mturquoise (mtq) and Venus (Ven) are in blue and yellow, respectively. The soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive
Supplementary Fig. 1: TBR2+ cells in different brain regions.
Hip SVZ OB Cere Hypo Supplementary Fig. 1: TBR2 + cells in different brain regions. Three weeks after the last tamoxifen injection, TBR2 immunostaining images reveal a large reduction of TBR2 + cells in
Social deficits in Shank3-deficient mouse models of autism are rescued by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Articles https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-018-0110-8 In the format provided by the authors and unedited. Social deficits in Shank3-deficient mouse models of autism are rescued by
Title: Smooth muscle cell-specific Tgfbr1 deficiency promotes aortic aneurysm formation by stimulating multiple signaling events
Title: Smooth muscle cell-specific Tgfbr1 deficiency promotes aortic aneurysm formation by stimulating multiple signaling events Pu Yang 1, 3, radley M. Schmit 1, Chunhua Fu 1, Kenneth DeSart 1, S. Paul
Basal ganglia macrocircuits
Tepper, Abercrombie & Bolam (Eds.) Progress in Brain Research, Vol. 160 ISSN 0079-6123 Copyright r 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved CHAPTER 1 Basal ganglia macrocircuits J.M. Tepper 1,, E.D. Abercrombie
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Large-scale calcium imaging in vivo.
Supplementary Figure 1 Large-scale calcium imaging in vivo. (a) Schematic illustration of the in vivo camera imaging set-up for large-scale calcium imaging. (b) High-magnification two-photon image from
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology: doi: /nsmb Supplementary Figure 1. Differential expression of mirnas from the pri-mir-17-92a locus.
Supplementary Figure 1 Differential expression of mirnas from the pri-mir-17-92a locus. (a) The mir-17-92a expression unit in the third intron of the host mir-17hg transcript. (b,c) Impact of knockdown
Supplementary Materials for
www.sciencesignaling.org/cgi/content/full/8/375/ra41/dc1 Supplementary Materials for Actin cytoskeletal remodeling with protrusion formation is essential for heart regeneration in Hippo-deficient mice
Transcranial Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulates Intact Brain Circuits
Neuron, Volume 66 Supplemental Information Transcranial Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulates Intact Brain Circuits Yusuf Tufail, Alexei Matyushov, Nathan Baldwin, Monica L. Tauchmann, Joseph Georges, Anna Yoshihiro,
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. MADM labeling of thalamic clones.
Supplementary Figure 1 MADM labeling of thalamic clones. (a) Confocal images of an E12 Nestin-CreERT2;Ai9-tdTomato brain treated with TM at E10 and stained for BLBP (green), a radial glial progenitor-specific
Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Miniature microdrive, spike sorting and sleep stage detection. a, A movable recording probe with 8-tetrodes (32-channels). It weighs ~1g. b, A mouse implanted with 8 tetrodes in
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Supplementary Figure 1. Behavioural effects of ketamine in non-stressed and stressed mice. Naive C57BL/6 adult male mice (n=10/group) were given a single dose of saline vehicle or ketamine (3.0 mg/kg,
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature12024 entary Figure 1. Distribution of the number of earned cocaine Supplementary Figure 1. Distribution of the number of earned cocaine infusions in Shock-sensitive
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
DOI: 10.1038/ncb2566 Figure S1 CDKL5 protein expression pattern and localization in mouse brain. (a) Multiple-tissue western blot from a postnatal day (P) 21 mouse probed with an antibody against CDKL5.
Supplementary Figure S1. Monolayer differentiation of mouse ESCs into telencephalic neural precursors. (a) Schematic representation of the protocols
Supplementary Figure S1. Monolayer differentiation of mouse ESCs into telencephalic neural precursors. (a) Schematic representation of the protocols used to differentiate mouse ESCs. (b) Representative
Supplementary Figure 1. ACE robotic platform. A. Overview of the rig setup showing major hardware components of ACE (Automatic single Cell
2 Supplementary Figure 1. ACE robotic platform. A. Overview of the rig setup showing major hardware components of ACE (Automatic single Cell Experimenter) including the MultiClamp 700B, Digidata 1440A,
Supplementary figure 1: LII/III GIN-cells show morphological characteristics of MC
1 2 1 3 Supplementary figure 1: LII/III GIN-cells show morphological characteristics of MC 4 5 6 7 (a) Reconstructions of LII/III GIN-cells with somato-dendritic compartments in orange and axonal arborizations
For more information about how to cite these materials visit
Author(s): Peter Hitchcock, PH.D., 2009 License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
BASAL GANGLIA. Dr JAMILA EL MEDANY
BASAL GANGLIA Dr JAMILA EL MEDANY OBJECTIVES At the end of the lecture, the student should be able to: Define basal ganglia and enumerate its components. Enumerate parts of Corpus Striatum and their important
Astrocyte signaling controls spike timing-dependent depression at neocortical synapses
Supplementary Information Astrocyte signaling controls spike timing-dependent depression at neocortical synapses Rogier Min and Thomas Nevian Department of Physiology, University of Berne, Bern, Switzerland
The control of spiking by synaptic input in striatal and pallidal neurons
The control of spiking by synaptic input in striatal and pallidal neurons Dieter Jaeger Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Key words: Abstract: rat, slice, whole cell, dynamic current
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
DOI:.38/ncb3399 a b c d FSP DAPI 5mm mm 5mm 5mm e Correspond to melanoma in-situ Figure a DCT FSP- f MITF mm mm MlanaA melanoma in-situ DCT 5mm FSP- mm mm mm mm mm g melanoma in-situ MITF MlanaA mm mm
Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Distribution of GlyT2::eGFP fibers in the mouse thalamus at three different coronal levels. Note the innervation centered in the rostral (CL, PC) and caudal (PF) nuclear groups of
Biological Bases of Behavior. 8: Control of Movement
Biological Bases of Behavior 8: Control of Movement m d Skeletal Muscle Movements of our body are accomplished by contraction of the skeletal muscles Flexion: contraction of a flexor muscle draws in a
Cell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Cell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Hey! The major concepts discussed relative to neural crest cell migration apply to cell migration
Neuroscience 201A (2016) - Problems in Synaptic Physiology
Question 1: The record below in A shows an EPSC recorded from a cerebellar granule cell following stimulation (at the gap in the record) of a mossy fiber input. These responses are, then, evoked by stimulation.
Supplemental Information. Menin Deficiency Leads to Depressive-like. Behaviors in Mice by Modulating. Astrocyte-Mediated Neuroinflammation
Neuron, Volume 100 Supplemental Information Menin Deficiency Leads to Depressive-like Behaviors in Mice by Modulating Astrocyte-Mediated Neuroinflammation Lige Leng, Kai Zhuang, Zeyue Liu, Changquan Huang,
doi: /nature14508 Rappsilber et al.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:1.138/nature1458 Grosso et al. Barbosa et al. 74 72 45 33 47 7 51 Rappsilber et al. Supplementary Figure 1 a, Venn-Diagram of identified splice factors in the work of Barbossa