Chromium Content Of Feedstuffs. Chromium An Essential Nutrient. Which Tissue?

Transcription

1 CHROMIUM FOR DAIRY CATTLE Chromium Content Of Feedstuffs Feedstuff Avil Cr in Diry Production A. Geiger, Ph.D. Zinpro Corportion Psture 0.8 Whet silge 2.2 Dehydrted lflf 0.2 Corn silge 2.0 Ryegrss 0.4 Brley 0.8 Corn 0.9 Whet brn 0.6 Met mel 0.8 Fish mel 0.6 Soyben mel 0.2 Brewers yest 1.0 Brewers grins 0.2 Bunting, Pge 13 In the Proceedings of Mid-South Ruminnt Nutrition Conference Bryn, et l., J. Diry Sci. 87:4269 Z DCr Which Tissue? Chromium, ppm DM Chromium An Essentil Nutrient Primry role : Potentites ction of insulin Biologiclly ctive form referred to s glucose tolernce fctor (GTF) Fcilittes interction between insulin nd insulin receptors on trget tissue => increses insulin ction à improved Glucose metbolism à decrese of body tissue brekdown àincrese of growth nd production Wht bout Chromium? - Serum Cr = g/l - Plsm not go indictor of biologicl stores - Cr stores rpidly depleted in lte pregnncy - Cr is immunomodultor in high producting cows but is often indequte in diets à Cr vilbility from feed unknown mz DCr - 12 NRC The Role of Chromium in Animl Nutrition. Pges 1-2 Nielsen Present knowledge in Nutrition, 10th Ed. Pges

2 Avil-Chromium AVAILA CHORMIUM à For High Productive cows à In Summer (Het Stress) Potentites ction of insulin à improved Glucose metbolism Mitigtes effect of het stress (Het) Stress nd disese : àincresed urinry Cr excretion Met Met Cr Met => Incresed need for Cr Increses DM intke Increses Milk Yield mz DCr - 12 In trnsition period nd during Het Stress : How Cn Avil Cr Help? Increse VFA vi increse in DMI How Do We Feed It? Improved Glucose Utilition Efficiency [Strting in the Dry Period] 8 mg Cr from Avil Cr/cow/d Avil-Cr decreses Ctbolism & BW loss Avil-Cr Improves glucose metbolism à Higher Milk production ~0.3 to 0.0 ppm Cr/kg DM 0.06 x BW0.7 Reduced Inflmmtion, Glucose Svings!

3 NEW RESEARCH! Avil-Cr Diry Trils 2017/2018 Avil-Cr in erly lcttion EU Tril 1 (2017) Two diry reserch sites in Europe 8 mg/hd/d of Cr from Chromium Methionine Experiment 1 (2017): 0 multiprous cows, -18 ~ 8 DIM Experiment 2 (2017): 60 cows, first 90 dys of lcttion Item P-vlue1 Tretment Avil-Cr SE T D TxD Dry mter intke, kg/d Eting time, min/d Eting rte, g/min Lying time, min/d Experiment 3 (2018; North Americ): 60 cows, -18 ~ 90 DIM Avil-Cr in erly lcttion EU Tril 1 (2017) Avil-Cr in erly lcttion EU Tril 1 (2017) Item P-vlue1 Tretment Avil-Cr SE T D TxD Body weight, kg Milk yield, kg/d Milk ft, % Milk protein, % Feed efficiency Price Corrected Milk, kg/d (Isrel)

4 Avil-Cr in erly lcttion EU Tril 1 (2017) Avil-Cr first 100 D of Lcttion Tril 2 (EU) Tble 14. Performnce, body weight (BW) nd lying behvior s ffected by tretments. 1 T: tretment effect; D: Effect of dy of study; TxD: Interction between dy nd tretment Item P-vlue1 Tretment, Cr/hd/d 8 mg SE Milk yield, kg/d Milk ft, % Milk protein, % 3.36 Averge BW, kg 626 Lying time, min/d Price Corrected Milk, kg/d (Isrel) T D TxD Avil-Cr first 100 D of Lcttion Avil-Cr first 100 D of Lcttion Tril 2 (EU) Tril 2 (EU)

5 Avil-Cr during Trnsition Avil-Cr during Trnsition Tril 3 (North Americ) Tril 3 (North Americ) Summry of Milk Yield by Tretment (7-8 DIM) Group Cow # Totl Production (L) Dily Milk Yield (L) Avil-Cr b 1.6b àdifference,b = P Avil-Cr during Trnsition Effect Of Chromium Methionine On Milk Production Tril 3 (North Americ) Summry of Ft nd Energy Corrected Milk nd Body Weight by Tretment (7-8 DIM) Avil-Cr Ft Corrected Milk b Energy Corrected Milk b 3.31x 3.36y b àmilk Ft Content, % Body Weight, kg 3 Importnt Conditions to hve mximum effect : 1. Cows need to get the right dosge : ppm Cr in totl DM (8 mg Cr/cow/dy) 2. Cows need to hve sufficient Feed supply 3. Trget to feed cows 21 dys preprtum,b = P < x,y P = 0.21 Z DCr - 7.1

6 Zinpro Trce Minerl Absorption The Story Enterocyte Circultion

7 Uptke Into CACO2 Cells (Into the Room) Permebility Through CACO2 Cells (Out of the Room to Circultion) Go et l., Life Sci. 109:0-6 How Do We Know ZPM s Go Through Amino Acid Trnsporters? (Blocks AAT Door) Go et l., Life Sci. 109:0-6 Go et l., Life Sci. 109:0-6 How Do We Know ZPM s Are NOT Going Through the Stndrd Inorgnic Trnsporters?(Blocks CRT1 Door) Go et l., Life Sci. 109:0-6

8 ZINC LEVEL IN DAIRY IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY Combintion Products Avil-4 4-Plex Avil-Plus Avil-Diry 360 mg/d ( mg/d ( mg/d ( mg/d ( mg/d ( mg/d ( mg/d (20 Copper 12 mg/d (.4 12 mg/d ( mg/d (10 Coblt 12. mg/d (0.4 2 mg/d ( mg/d (1 23 mg/d (1 7 g/hd/d 7 g/hd/d 23 g/hd/d (0.1% of Diet DM) 14 g/hd/d (0.06% of DM) Mngnese Feeding Rte 460 mg/d 2.2 ( mg/d ( y y Feed Efficiency Zinc Effect Of Supplementl Avil Zn Levelsb: Feed Efficiencyc 1.89y 1.82y y y 16 Avil-Zn 40 Avil-Zn But wht does the dt sy?? 1.00 MY/DMI b ppm clcultion ssumes dry mtter intke of 23 kg; typicl lctting cow intke 23 to 2 kg/d; dry cow, 13 kg/d DL AZ - 96 c y FCM/DMI SCM/DMI Avil-Zn: inc mino cid complex Tretments in lcttion were (DM bsis):, 7 ppm Zn from ZnSO4; 16 Avil-Zn, 16 ppm Zn from Avil Zn inc mino cid complex + 60 ppm Zn from ZnSO4; 40 Avil-Zn, 40 ppm Zn from Avil-Zn + 3 ppm Zn from ZnSO4; All diets included 1 ppm Mn from MnSO4, 9 ppm Mn from Avil Mn mngnese mino cid complex, 10 ppm Cu from CuSO4, ppm Cu from Avil Cu copper mino cid complex, 1.1 ppm Co from COPRO coblt glucoheptonte; Clculted vitmin levels, Vitmin A, 4.14 KIU/lb (9.12 KIU/kg); Vitmin D, 1.2 KIU/lb (2.76 KIU/kg); Vitmin E, IU/lb (2 IU/kg) MY/DMI = milk yield/dm intke; FCM/DMI = 3. % ft-corrected milk/dm intke; SCM/DMI = solids-corrected milk/dm intke Within ctegory, LSmens lcking common superscript letter differ, P < 0.01 ZINC LEVEL IN DAIRY IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY Effect Of Trce Minerl Source On Postprtum DMI Interction Between Tretment And Prity: IgG Concentrtion x x Avil Zn DL AZ - 98 xy INOᵃ y kg/d Colostrum IgG, mg/ml 130 Prity 1 2+ Avil Zn Tretments in lcttion were (DM bsis):, 7 ppm Zn from ZnSO4; 16 Avil-Zn, 16 ppm Zn from inc mino cid complex + 60 ppm Zn from ZnSO4; 40 Avil-Zn, 40 ppm Zn from Avil-Zn + 3 ppm Zn from ZnSO4; All diets included 1 ppm Mn from MnSO4, 9 ppm Mn from Avil Mn mngnese mino cid complex, 10 ppm Cu from CuSO4, ppm Cu from Avil Cu copper mino cid complex, 1.1 ppm Co from COPRO coblt glucoheptonte; Clculted vitmin levels, Vitmin A, 4.14 KIU/lb (9.12 KIU/kg); Vitmin D, 1.2 KIU/lb (2.76 KIU/kg); Vitmin E, IU/lb (2 IU/kg) LSmens lcking common superscript letter differ, P < 0.0 Liner effect of Avil-Zn supplementtion, P = 0.10 DL Dy Of Lcttion Tretment period 30 d preprtum (close-up) through 30 d postprtum; Tretments delivered vi n orl bolus formulted to provide n dditionl 40 ppm Zn, 20 ppm Mn, ppm Cu nd 1 ppm Co from sulftes (INO) or Avil Zn inc mino cid complex, Avil Mn mngnese mino cid complex, Avil Cu copper mino cid complex nd COPRO coblt glucoheptonte (ZPM) Tretment dy effect, P < 0.1

9 Effect Of Trce Minerl Source On Blood Ketones INOᵇ ZPMᵇ b DL Dy Of Lcttion 13 Mesured using Precision Xtr, Abbott Lbortories, Chicgo, IL, United Sttes Tretment period 30 d preprtum (close-up) through 30 d postprtum; Tretments delivered vi n orl bolus formulted to provide n dditionl 40 ppm Zn, 20 ppm Mn, ppm Cu nd 1 ppm Co from sulftes (INO) or Avil Zn inc mino cid complex, Avil Mn mngnese mino cid complex, Avil Cu copper mino cid complex nd COPRO coblt glucoheptonte (ZPM) Tretment effect, P < 0.0 CON 0CZPF 0CZHS 40CZPF 1 1 DL Effect Of Zn Source On Period 2 DMI Of Growing Steers Exposed To Therml-Neutrl Or Het Stress Conditions Dy Of Lcttion Tretment period 30 d preprtum (close-up) through 30 d postprtum; Tretments delivered vi n orl bolus formulted to provide n dditionl 40 ppm Zn, 20 ppm Mn, ppm Cu nd 1 ppm Co from sulftes (INO) or Avil Zn inc mino cid complex, Avil Mn mngnese mino cid complex, Avil Cu copper mino cid complex nd COPRO coblt glucoheptonte (ZPM) Tretment dy effect, P < 0.0 Osorio et l., J. Diry Sci. 99: Effect Of Zn Source On Rectl Temperture By Dy Of Growing Steers Exposed To Therml-Neutrl Or Het Stress Conditions 40CZHS CON 10 0CZPF 0CZHS 40CZPF 40CZHS 10 P < y x x -23.0x x Temperture, F DMI, As % Of P1 Intke ZPMᵃ P1-30 DHS - 30 INOᵃ 0 kg/d Blood Ketones, mmol/l 3.6 Effect Of Trce Minerl Source On Milk Yield xy Therml neutrl (TN) = 70 F (21 C), 30% reltive humidity; Het stress (HS) = 81 to 9 F (27 to 3 C), 19% reltive humidity; CON = 7 ppm Zn from ZnSO4 (ZS), fed d libitum (AL) TN conditions; 0CZPF = 7 ppm Zn from ZS, pir-fed (PF) in TN conditions; 0CZHS = 7 ppm Zn from ZS fed d libitum (AL) in HS conditions; 40CZPF = 3 ppm Zn from ZS + 40 ppm Zn from Avil Zn inc mino cid complex (CZ), PF in TN conditions; 40CZHS = 3 ppm Zn from ZnSO ppm Zn from CZ, fed AL in HS conditions Mens lcking common superscript letter differ, P < 0.01 CON vs ll other tretments, P < 0.01; Dy effect, P < 0.01; 0CZ vs 40CZ effect, P 0.04 DHS - 34 P2D1 P2D2 P2D3 P2D4 P2D Therml neutrl (TN) = 70 F (21 C), 30% reltive humidity; Het stress (HS) = 81 to 9 F (27 to 3 C), 19% reltive humidity; CON = 7 ppm Zn from ZnSO4 (ZS), fed d libitum (AL) TN conditions; 0CZPF = 7 ppm Zn from ZS, pir-fed (PF) in TN conditions; 0CZHS = 7 ppm Zn from ZS fed d libitum (AL) in HS conditions; 40CZPF = 3 ppm Zn from ZS + 40 ppm Zn from Avil Zn inc mino cid complex (CZ), PF in TN conditions; 40CZHS = 3 ppm Zn from ZnSO ppm Zn from CZ, fed AL in HS conditions P1 used s covrite; CON vs ll other tretments, P < 0.01; Dy effect, P < 0.01; Tretment Dy effect, P < 0.01; 0CVPF vs 40CZPF effect, P 0.08; HS vs PF effect, P < 0.01 P2D6

10 Intestinl Morphology: Steers vs Swine Zinpro Zn Improves Mmmry Tight Junction Integrity Prior To nd During Het Stressb 0CZTN 0CZPF Plsm Lctose, µmol/µl y 1 1y b DHS y mrna Expression, log scle Cooled Not Cooled IZ -3 Thnk You mrna Expression of Fs ZINPRO inc methionine complex; Tretments were (DM bsis): ZnCl, 7 ppm Zn from Zn tetrbsic chloride; Zinpro, 40 ppm Zn from ZINPRO + 3 ppm Zn from Zn tetrbsic chloride; All diets included 1 ppm Mn from MnSO4, 9 ppm Mn from MANPRO mngnese methionine complex, 6 ppm Cu from CuSO4, 6 ppm Cu from CuPlex copper lysine complex, 0. ppm Co from COPRO coblt glucoheptonte During the bseline phse (bseline period ws 84 d), ll cows were cooled (fns nd misters over the freestll nd feeding res, verge temperture-humidity index = 73), while during the environmentl chllenge phse, hlf of the cows on ech dietry tretment were not cooled (verge temperture humidity index = 78) Within dy, LSmens lcking common superscript letter differ, P = 0.06 Zinpro Zn Helps Mintin Cell Popultion More Consistenly Dy Prior to Environmentl Chllenge 40CZHS y ZnCl Zinpro 10 0CZHS 24 Cooled Not Cooled ZMC CC - 2