Hepatoprotective Effect of EllagicAcid Rich Extract of Moringa Oleifera Leaves on the CCl 4 Intoxicated Rats

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1 Heptoprotetive Effet of EllgiAi Rih Extrt of Moring Oleifer Leves on the CCl 4 Intoxite Rts Mohme AEl-Rhmn 1, Amir Sh. Solimn 2, M.Khiry S.Morsi 3, Ahme M. A. Mehrez 4 1 Chemistry of Nutrition n metolism Deprtment, Ntionl Nutrition Institute (NNI) - Ciro Egypt 2 Nturl Resoures Deprtment, Institute of Afrin Reserh n Stuies, Ciro University, Giz, Egypt 3 Deprtment of Foo Siene, Fulty of Agriulture, Ciro University, Egypt 4 Gene Detetion Unite, Ntionl Nutrition Institute (NNI) - Ciro Egypt Astrt: This stuy ws esigne to evlute the heptoprotetive effet of methnoli extrt of Moring oleifer leves (MOLE) on the CCL 4 intoxite rts. The ntioxitive effet on the tivities of lnine minotrnsferse (ALT), sprtte minotrnsferse (AST), superoxie ismutse (SOD), lipi peroxition (MDA) n reue glutthione (GSH) were investigte in ron tetrhlorie (CCl 4 ) intoxite rts pretrete with MOLE or Silymrin n α-toopherol. HPLC nlysis of MOLE revele tht Ellgi i ws the most unnt phenoli ompoun. Pretretment with MOLE or Silymrin signifintly (P < 0.05) reue the serum levels of AST n ALT n MDA in the liver of CCl 4 trete rts. Pretretment with MOLE inrese the ntioxint tivity of liver GSH. Histologil nlysis of liver tissues in groups pretrete with MOLE n Silymrin showe mil nerosis n inflmmtion of the heptoytes ompre to the CCl 4 -intoxite rts. Keywors: Heptoprotetive, liver mge, Moring oleifer, Silymrin. 1. INTRODUCTION Moring serves s meiinl plnt, niml foer, n foo soure for humns [1]. The leves, fruit, flowers n immture pos of Moring oleifer re use s highly nutritive vegetle in mny ountries, prtiulrly in Ini, Pkistn, Philippines, Bnglesh, Afghnistn n mny prts of Afri. Moring oleifer leves t s goo soure of nturl ntioxints suh s sori i, flvonois, n phenolis [2,3]. Physiologilly, the purpose of ntioxints is to svenge retive oxygen speies, most ommonly hyrogen peroxie, superoxie ril n hyroxie ril tht re proue within ell ue to oxitive stress. These retive oxygen speies (ROS) oxiize vitl ell omponents suh s mino is, polyunsturte ftty is esies it mge the DNA n intivte speifi enzymes [4]. Oxitive stress is onsiere s the importnt use of liver injury in severl liver isorers [5]. Defense mehnisms hve evolve within the oy to limit the levels of ROS n the mge they inue. Superoxie ismutse onverts superoxie to H2O2 n tlse removes H2O2. Glutthione peroxise estroys orgni peroxies [6]. Mny ompouns n extrts from plnts hve een evlute for heptoprotetive n ntioxint effets ginst hemillyinue liver mge [7]. [8] Demonstrte the protetive effet of Moring oleifer leves hyroethnol (80%) extrt t orl oses of 200 n 800mg/kg ginst the heptotoxiity of pretmol in rts. The extrt reue hepti lipi peroxition while restoring levels of the enzymes glutthione S-trnsferse, glutthione reutse, n glutthione per- oxise to norml. [9]stuie the heptoprotetive tivity of Curumin n Ellgi i in omprison to Silymrin in the CCL4 intoxite mie. Phytohemils tretments use normlize serum minotrnsferses tivities, erese level of MDA n improve the ntioxint sttus. The present stuy investigte the protetive effets of Moring oleifer leves extrt Pge 91

2 ginst CCl4- inue heptotoxiity in rts y ssying liver funtions, hepti lipi peroxition n histopthology of liver tissues. A. Plnt mterils: 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five kilogrms of fresh leves of Moring oleifer were ollete, ientifie n uthentite in the Egyptin Sientifi Soiety of Moring, Ciro, Egypt (2013) for its DNA ginst uthentite Moring smple DNA. The fresh leves were wshe twie with istille wter n she rie for 72 hours. The rie leves were weighe n powere using omesti mixer griner into orse power, rouhe n weighe. B. Preprtion of the extrt: Eh 100 g rie leves were extrte s mentione y [10].The extrt ws store in refrigertor t 4 C. The extrt ws nlyze for types n onentrtions of polyphenoli ompouns.the onentrtion of eh phenoli ompoun ws lulte s % of the leves ry weight n lso % of eh ompoun ws lulte s % of totl ientifie phenoli ompouns. C. HPLC nlysis: Phenoli is of the smple extrt were etermine using Shimzu HPLC instrument for etetion of phenoli i, t 320 nm using UV-VIS etetor oring to [11]. Ientifition ws rrie out y ompring the retention time with tht of the externl stnr. D. Experimentl nimls: Forty eight ult mle Sprgue Dwley lino rts weighing g were purhse from the Egyptin Orgniztion for Biologil Prouts n Vines. The nimls were house iniviully in stinless steel ges n mintine on 12 h light rk yle t 25 ± 2 C n 60 % humiity. Animls were fe liitum stok sl iet [12]n wter. Animls were llowe to limte to housing onitions in the Reserh Institute of Ophthlmology in Ciro, Egypt for 7 ys prior to experimenttion. Animls were mintine n hnle oring to [13]. E. Experimentl esign: Pln of the experiment ws onute oring to [14,15]for inution of heptotoxiity with CCL4, n oring to [16]for Silymrin tretment, [17,18] for Moring oleifer extrt tretment n [15]for α-toopherol tretment. The nimls were groupe into six groups omprising 8 nimls in eh group s follows: -Group 1 (G 1): (Negtive ontrol) Rts were fe on stok sl iet n reeive istille wter ontining 0.3% soium roxy methyl ellulose (CMC- N) (1 ml / Kg.w.,p.o.) ily for 10 ys, n olive oil (1 ml / Kg.w., s..) on ys 2,4,6. -Group 2 (G 2): Rts were fe on stok sl iet n reeive 0.3% ( CMC-N ) ( 1 ml / Kg.w., p. o.) ily for 10 ys, n trete with mixture of CCL4 n olive oil ( 1:1, 2 ml / Kg.w.,s.. ) on ys 2,4,6. -Group 3 (G 3): Rts were fe on stok sl iet n trete with α-toopherol ( 50 mg / Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys, n reeive CCl4 olive oil mixture (1:1, 2 ml /Kg.w.,s..) on ys 2,4,6 fter 30 min of ministrtion of vitmin E. -Group 4 (G4): Rts were fe on stok sl iet n trete with stnr rug Silymrin (150 mg / Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys, n reeive CCl4 olive oil mixture ( 1:1, 2 ml / Kg.w.,,s.. ) on ys 2,4,6 fter 30 min of ministrtion of Silymrin. -Group 5 (G 5): Rts were fe on stok sl iet, n trete with MOLE ontining (30 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys, n reeive CCl4 olive oil mixture (1: 1, 2 ml / Kg. w., s..) on ys 2,4,6 fter 30 min of ministrtion of MOLE. Pge 92

3 -Group 6 (G 6): Rts were fe on stok sl iet, n trete with MOLE ontining (50 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys, n reeive CCl4 olive oil mixture (1:1, 2 ml /Kg.w., s..) on ys 2,4,6 fter 30 min of ministrtion of MOLE. On y 11, loo smples were ollete from retro-oritl plexus vein of ll rts, n kept for out hlf n hour t room temperture efore entrifugtion t 3000 rpm for 10 min n the ler serum ws seprte n store t -20 C for nlysis. Animls were then srifie y leeing. Liver smples were issete n immeitely wshe with ie-ol sline to remove loo, rie etween filter ppers n weighe. One grm of liver tissue ws homogenize in 10 ml ol uffer (50 mm potssium phosphte uffer, ph 7.5, 1 mm EDTA), using tissue homogenizer. The liver homogente ws entrifuge t 4000 rpm for 15 min t 4 C. The superntnt ws ollete n store t -80 C for nlysis. F. Biohemil etermintions: Bloo serum ws use for the evlution of lnine minotrnsferse n sprtte minotrnsferse (ALT n AST) tivities, oring to the metho of [19]. The ler superntnt of liver homogente ws use for the etermintion of superoxie ismutse (SOD), mlonilehye )MDA), glutthione (GSH). The SOD tivity ws etermine oring to the metho esrie y [20].Determintion is se on the ility of the enzyme to inhiit the phenzine methosulphte-meite reution of nitro lue tetrzolium ye. Reue GSH in liver tissues ws etermine oring to the metho esrie y [21]whih mesures the reution of 5, 5`ithio-is (2- nitroenzoi i (DTNB)) y SH groups to form stle yellow olor of 2-nitro-5-merptoenzoi i whih ws mesure olorimetrilly t 412 nm using Jenwy 6405 / vis Spetrophotometer. Lipi peroxition ontent ws etermine s mlonilehye (MDA) oring to the metho esrie y[22]. MDA rets with thiorituri i (TBA) in ii meium t 95 C for 30 min giving olore TBA omplex tht ws mesure lorimetrilly t nm using Unium Spetro-photometer. Biohemil etermintions for ALT, AST were rrie out using ssy kits otine from Bio ignosti ompny, Ciro, Egypt oring to the mnufturer's protools. Histopthologil exmintion of liver setions: A portion of the liver tissue ws remove, fixe in uffere formlin n emee in prffin loks. Tissue setions (5 µm) were prepre n stine with Hemtoxylin n Eosin (H & E) stin for mirosopi exmintion using mgnifition power 400 of the light mirosope oring to [23]. 3. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS All experiments were one in triplite n results were reporte s men ± stnr evition. The t were nlyze y one-wy ANOVA; sttistilly signifint effets were further nlyze n mens were ompre using Dunn s multiple rnge tests [24]. Sttistil signifine ws etermine t p < RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Polyphenols omposition of Moring oleifer leves methnoli extrt HPLC nlysis of Moring oleifer leves methnoli extrt (MOLE) is illustrte in Tle 1 <Tle 1> Results in Tle 1 showe tht 17 phenoli ompouns were ientifie in the MOLE. Ellgi i ws the most unnt phenoli ompoun followe y enzoi i n Pyrogllol n the those three phenoli ompouns represent 80 % of the totl ientifie ompouns. Ellgi i represents 52.7% of the totl ientifie polyphenoli ompouns (794.36mg / 100 g ry weight) of the investigte extrt; enzoi i represent 13.6 % n Pyrogllol represent 13.5 %of the totl ientifie polyphenoli ompouns. Other polyphenoli ompouns suh s epitehin; hlorogeni i; p-hyroxy enzoi i n vnilli i re present in low onentrtions. These finings re in greement with tht reporte y [25] for Ellgi i, Glli i n Vnilli i. Vritions in the onentrtions of other polyphenols oul e ue to ifferenes in vriety, lotion, genotype n the extrtion metho. Biohemil exmintion: Results in Tle (2) inite the effet of ifferent oses of Moring oleifer leves methnoli extrt (MOLE) (30 n 50 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w.), α-toopherol (50 mg / Kg.w.) n Silymrin (150 mg / Kg.w.) ginst CCL4. Pge 93

<Tle 2> ISSN 2348-313X (Print) The effets of ministrtion of Moring oleifer leves 100 % methnoli extrt t two

4 <Tle 2> ISSN X (Print) The effets of ministrtion of Moring oleifer leves 100 % methnoli extrt t two ose levels (30 n 50 mg Ellgi i /kg.w.), on reltive liver weight, AST n ALT serum enzymes n GSH, SOD n MDA in the liver of CCl4-intoxite rts re shown in Tle 2. Results in Tle 2 inite tht there were no signifint ifferenes of the reltive liver weight etween the experimentl groups trete with CCl4. However, the rts in the CCl4-intoxite groups exhiite signifintly (p< 0.05) higher reltive liver weight when ompre to rts in the ontrol group. Aministrtion of CCl4 inue hepti injury s shown y signifint elevtion in serum levels of AST n ALT n MDA of liver y 3 to 7 fols n signifint reution in the tivities of GSH n SOD of the liver of the investigte rts. These results re in greement with those reporte y [26,9]. Results in Tle 2 revel tht ministrtion of α- Toopherol, Silymrin or MOLE lowere signifintly the ALT n MDA levels tht inrese y the toxiity of CCl4. Silymrin (150 mg / Kg.w.) ws foun to e signifintly more effetive thn α-toopherol (50 mg / Kg.w.) in reuing the levels of ALT n AST. Aministrtion of MOLE ( t 50 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w.) ws foun to e signifintly lose to the effet of Silymrin in reuing the AST level. The pretretment with α-toopherol, Silymrin or MOLE ( t 50 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w.) for 10 ys, use signifint inrese in the GSH n SOD liver levels tht erese y the toxiity of CCl4. Pretretment with Silymrin (150 mg / Kg.w.) signifintly reovere these ntioxint enzymes levels to those of the ontrol rts (Group1). On the other hn, pretretment with α-toopherol (50 mg / Kg.w.) signifintly iminishe lipi peroxition. The 100 % methnoli extrt use in this stuy showe remrkle potentility in restoring some physiologil effet. This inites possile regenertion n reovery the mge liver ell in nimls trete with the extrt. [27] suggeste tht the heptoprotetive effet ginst toxiity inue y CCl4 my e ttriute to erese in the liver lipi peroxies n enhne ntioxints levels.ellgi i, is powerful iotive ompoun with mny potentil phrmologil n inustril pplitions [28]. 5. HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS The liver of ontrol rts (Fig. 1) showe the norml histologil struture of heptoytes, hepti ors, entrl vein n sinusoi. Liver of rts intoxite with CCL 4 (Figs. 2 n 3) showe hrmful effets on liver tissues the inlue, ftty hnges of heptoytes with the hrteristi signet ring pperne (short rrow) n mono nuler ell infiltrtion (tll rrow). Liver of rts intoxite with CCL 4 n trete with stnr rug α-toopherol (50 mg / Kg.w., p.o.), (Fig. 4) showe ftty hnges of heptoytes (short rrow) with jent heptoytes (tll rrow). Liver of rts intoxite with CCL 4 n trete with stnr rug Silymrin (150 mg / Kg.w., p.o.) (Fig.5) mintine hepti rhiteture with miniml ftty hnges of heptoytes. Liver of rts intoxite with CCL 4 n trete with low ose of MOLE (ontining 30 mg Ellgi i/kg.w., p.o.) use minor improvements in (Fig.6) n showe permnent ftty hnges (tll rrow) n mono nuler ell infiltrtion (short rrow) with jent nerosis of heptoytes (oule he rrow ). Liver of rts intoxite with CCL 4 n trete with high ose of MOLE (ontining 50 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w., p.o.) showe ovious improvement in heptoytes ors (strisks) with few res of ftty hnges of heptoytes (Fig. 7). These results inite tht the use of high ose of MOLE s nturl soure of heptoprotetive phenols oul reue the toxi effets of CCL 4 ompre to some hemil rugs, whih my use sie effets. Fig. (1): Photomirogrph of liver of rt (Control group) showing the norml histologil struture of heptoytes, hepti ors, entrl vein n sinusois. (H & E X 400). Pge 94

Fig. (2): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with CCL 4 n olive oil(1:1,

(3): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with CCL 4 n olive oil (1:1,

o. ) ily for 10 ys n reeive CCl 4 - olive oil mixture (1:1, 2 ml / Kg.w.

5 Fig. (2): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with CCL 4 n olive oil(1:1, 2 ml / Kg.w., s..) on ys 2,4,6. (H & E X 400). Fig. (3): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with CCL 4 n olive oil (1:1, 2 ml / Kg.w., s..) on ys 2,4,6. (H & E X 400). Fig. (4): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with α-toopherol (50 mg / Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys n reeive CCl 4 - olive oil mixture (1:1, 2 ml / Kg.w., s.. ) on ys 2,4,6. (H & E X 400). Pge 95

Fig. (5): Photomirogrph of Liver of rt trete with stnr rug Silymrin ( 150 mg / Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys, n reeive CCl 4 - olive oil mixture (1:1, 2 ml / Kg.

(6): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with MOLE ( ontining 30 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys, n reeive CCl 4 olive oil mixture (1:1,2 ml /Kg.

(7): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with MOLE extrt ( ontining 50 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys n reeive CCl 4 olive oil mixture (1:1, 2 ml /Kg.

6 Fig. (5): Photomirogrph of Liver of rt trete with stnr rug Silymrin ( 150 mg / Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys, n reeive CCl 4 - olive oil mixture (1:1, 2 ml / Kg.w., S.C.) on ys 2,4,6. (H & E X 400). Fig. (6): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with MOLE ( ontining 30 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys, n reeive CCl 4 olive oil mixture (1:1,2 ml /Kg.w., s..) on ys 2,4,6. (H & E X 400). Fig. (7): Photomirogrph of liver of rt trete with MOLE extrt ( ontining 50 mg Ellgi i /Kg.w., p.o. ) ily for 10 ys n reeive CCl 4 olive oil mixture (1:1, 2 ml /Kg.w., s..) on ys 2,4,6. (H & E X 400). Pge 96

7 Tle (1): Polyphenoli ompouns of Moring oleifer leves (mg/100g ry weight) n % of eh ompoun ompre to the polyphenoli ompouns Ientify. Ientifie polyphenoli ompouns Conentrtions (mg/ 100 g ry weight) Ellgi Ai Benzoi Pyrogllol Epitehen Chlorogeni i P.OH.enzoi Vnilli Ctehol Prototehui Coumrin Glli i Feruilli Cinnmi Ctehein Cffei i Aminoenzoi Sliyli Totl Ientifie polyphenoli ompouns % % of polyphenoli ompouns Ientifie Tle (2): Chnges in reltive weight of liver, levels of serum lnine minotrnsferse (ALT), serum sprtte minotrnsferse (AST), liver glutthione(gsh), liver superoxie ismutse (SOD ) n liver mlonilehye (MDA) in norml n experimentl rts. Prmeters Group Reltive weight of liver ALT ( U\L) AST (U\L) GSH (mg / g liver ) Vehile (ontrol) 2.78 ± ± ± ± 0.28 Vehile 3.44 ± ± ± ±0.172 Toopherol 3.67 ± ± ± ± Silymrin 3.26 ± ± ± ± MOLE (30 mg Ellgi i ) 3.50 ± ± ± ± SOD (U/mg liver ) 39.75± ± ± ± ± MDA (n mol/g liver) ± ± ± ± ± Mens with the sme letter in the sme row re not signifintly ifferent t 0.05 level of signifine. Dt re expresse s men ± SD. Eh group onsiste of 8 rts. Reltive weight of liver = Liver weight / Finl oy weight of rt. MOLE (50 mg Ellgi i) 3.26 ± ± ± ± ± ±4.267 Pge 97

8 6. CONCLUSION In this stuy revele tht Ellgi i ( EA) ws mst unnt phenoli ompoun in Methnoli extrt of Moring oleifer leves ( MOLE ) we hve ttempte to evlute the heptoprotetive tivity of MOLE in omprison to Vit E (α- Toopherol) n stnr rugs ( Silymrin ) in ron tetrhlorie ( CCL4 ) in eue ute liver toxiity in rts. Aministrtion of MOLE (ontining 50 mg EA / Kg..w.) showe remrkle potentility in restoring some physiologil effet. This inites possile regenertion n reovery the mge liver ell in niml trete with MOLE. REFERENCES [1] Ghosi, R., Seghi1, H. M., Asghri,G., Tori, S. (2014): Ientifition n loning of puttive wter lrifition genes of Moring peregrin (Forssk.) Fiori in E. oli Xl1 lue ells Av. Biome. Res., 27, [2] Blokhin, O., Violinen, E., Fgerstet, K.V., (2003): Antioxints, oxitive mge n oxygen eprivtion stress: review. Ann. Bot. 91, [3] Anwr, F., Ltif, S., Ashrf, M., Gilni, A. H. (2006): Moring oleifer: A Foo Plnt with Multiple Meiinl Uses. Phytotherpy reserh 21, [4] Vrnov E., Inze D., Vn Brensegem F. (2002): Signl trnsution uring oxitive stress. J. Exper. Bot., 53: [5] Mein, J. n Moreno-Otero, R.(2005): Pthophysiologil sis for ntioxint therpy in hroni liver isese. Drugs., 65: [6] Sngher G.S., Mlhotr P.K., Sihu G.S., Shrm V.K., Shrm B.B., Krn R. (2013): Geneti engineering of rop plnts for enhne ntioxints tivity. IJOART, 2, [7] Aetutu A., Owoe A.O. (2013): Heptoprotetive n ntioxint effet of hiisus polyphenol rih extrt (HPE) ginst ron tetrhlorie (CCl4) inue mge in rts. Br. J. Me. Me. Res. 3, [8] Um N., Fkurzi S., Hiruszh I. (2010): Moring oleifer enhnes liver ntioxint sttus vi elevtion of the ntioxint enzyme tivity n ounterts pretmol-inue heptotoxiity. Mlys J. Nutr16 : [9] Girish, C., Prhn, S. C. (2012): Heptoprotetive tivities of piroliv,urumin, n Ellgi i ompre to silymrin on rontetr hlorie inue liver toxiity in mie. J. phrmology n phrmo therpeutis 3 : [10] Prvthy M.V.S., Ummheshwri A. (2007): Cytotoxi Effet of Moring oleifer Lef Extrts on Humn Multiple Myelom Cell Lines. Trens in Meil Reserh, 2(1), [11] Pyrzynsk, K., Biesg, M. (2009): Anlysis of phenoli is n flvonois in honey Trens in Anlytil Chemistry, Vol. 28,( 7): [12] AOAC, (2005): Offiil Methos of Anlysis of AOAC Interntionl, 18th e AOAC Interntionl, Mryln, USA. [13] CPCSEA (2003): guielines for lortory niml fility. Inin Journl of Phrmology; 35: [14] Jin M., Allin J., Dun X. n Lloy D. J. (2005): Effet of Reverse Dome Strething on Dome Height n Forming Limits of Sheet Mterils. Mter. Siene n Engineering, A390, [15] Alhriri M. M., Gll S. M., S A. Hllo, Smh M. Ismel, AsmSlm, Kml M. El-Dei, n Mhgou M. Ahme (2012): Biologil evlution of onion peel extrts s ntioxint n ntiner gents. Egyptin J. of Nutrition, 27(3) [16] Fhmy S. R. n Hmi S. A. H. ( 2011): Antioxint effet of the Egyptin freshwter Promruslrkii extrt in rt liver n erythroytes. Afrin Journl of Phrmy n Phrmology, Vol. 5(6), [17] Singh K., Khnn AK., n Chner R. ( 1999): Heptoprotetive tivity of Ellgi i ginst ron tetrhlorie inue heptotoxiity in rts. Inin J. Exp. Biol. 37(10): Pge 98

9 [18] Celik G., Semiz, A., Krkurt, S., Arsln, S., Ali, O., Sen, A. ( 2013) : A Comprtive Stuy for the Evlution of Two Doses of Ellgi Ai on Hepti Drug Metolizing n Antioxint Enzymes in the Rt,BioMe Reserh Interntionl Vol (2013), Artile ID , 9 pges. [19] Reitmn S. n Frnkel S. ( 1957): A olorimetri metho for the etermintion of serum glutmi oxleti n glutmi pyruvi trnsminses. Amer. J. Clin. Pthol. 28: [20] Winterourn C., Hwkins R., Brin M. n Crrell R. (1975): The estimtion of re ell superoxie ismutse tivity. J. L. Clin. Me., 85: [21] Beutler E., Durn O. n Kelly M. (1963): Improve metho for the etermintion of loo glutthione. J.L.Clin. Me., 61: [22] Uhiym, M., Mihr M. (1978): Determintion of mlonlehye Preursor in tissues y thiorituri i tests. Anl. Biohem., 86: [23] Bnroft D., Steves A., Tuner R. (1996): Theory n prtie of histopthologil tehniques. 4th e. Churhiil living stones, Einurgh, Lonon, Melourne. pp [24] Dunn, D. B. (1955): Multiple rnge n multiple F tests. Biometris 11: [25] Hly, M.S. Elmetwly, E. M., Omr, A.A.A.( 2013): Effet of Moring Oleifer on serum lipis n kiney funtion of hyperlipiemi rts. Journl of Applie Sienes Reserh 9(8) [26] Singh, G., Goyl, R., Shrm, P. L. (2012): phrmologil potentil of silymrin in omintion with heptoprotetive plnts ginst experimentl heptotoxiity in rts. Asin J.Biohemil n phrmeutil reserh.5, [27] Pri L., Kumr N. A. (2002): Heptoprotetive tivity of Moring oleifer on ntituerulr rug-inue liver mge in rts. J. Me. Foo 5, (3) : [28] Sepúlve, L., Asio, A., Roríguez-Herrer, R., Aguiler-Cró, A., Cristól N. Aguilr ( 2011 ): Ellgi i: Biologil properties n iotehnologil evelopment for proution proesses. Afrin Journl of Biotehnology Vol. 10(22): Pge 99

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