5. MOVEMENT AND LOCOMOTION

Transcription

1 1.Identify the muscles and fill up the table 5. MOVEMENT AND LOCOMOTION Muscles Features Part of the body where the muscle is seen muscle muscle ,...,..., muscle Find the odd one and justify your reason. a) Skull,Sternum,femur,ribs,face bones. b) Chestbone,Shoulderbone,Ribs,Back bone. c) Bone in trachea,ribs,bone at the tip of the nose,bone in the pinna 3.Compare the given picture and Human Skeleton in your Science Lab.Then complete the table.

2 A.Skull A.Axial Skeleton Human Skeleton B... Skeleton Parts No.of bones Parts No.of bones A.Pectoral girdle B.bones of forelimbs 80 B.Hyoid C.Vertibral column D.Sternum E.Ribs Appendicular Skeleton C.Pelvic girdle D.Bones of the hindlimbs Innominate bone Total no of bones(b) 126 Total no of bones in the human body A+B Move the parts of your body, identify the the type of joints involved and fill up the table. Type of Joint Features Example The more or less flattened ends of two bones move gently as though they glide 4.Pivot joint Helps in the movement as though it pivots on an axis Shoulder joint,hip Joint The joint between the first two vertebrae

3 5.Identify the following pictures and find out the odd one.justify your reason. a) b) c) d) 6.Copy the given picture and label the following: a) The part that covers and protects joints. b) The fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones. c) A stiff yet flexible connective tissue. d) The fluid seen in between bones that is clear, pale yellow, viscid, and does not clot. 7.Select the organisms having exoskeletons from the given list. Fish,Carb,Bees,Ants,Elephant,Cow,Spiders,Millipedes,Crow,Turtles,Draco,Tortoises,Frog,Lobsters. 8.Find the following items on the basis of the relationship between the items in the first pair. (a) Pentagium:Pterodactyl,Flippers:... (b) Paramecium: Cilia,...Flagellum. (c) Hydra:Tentacles,Amoeba:... 9.Correct the following statements if there are any mistakes. a) Ligaments prevent dislocation of the joint and control the range of movement of the bones at the joint. b) Tendons are strong inelastic cords or bands of connective tissue that connect muscle to bone. c) Unlike other types of muscle, cardiac muscle never gets tired. d) Involuntary muscles are rough, multinucleated, branching muscles that are directly controllable at will. ANSWER KEY 1. Muscles Features Part of the body where the muscle is seen Striated... They are voluntary muscles There are pectoralis, biceps, and quadriceps.

4 Non-striated... muscle Cardiac...muscle muscle horizontal muscles on them Work in association with bones They are involuntary muscles seen usually in tubular organs The muscle fibres are spindle shaped do not have any straitions smooth muscles do not suffer from muscle fatigue They are involuntary muscles but they are different from others a stiff yet flexible connective tissue involuntary muscles in structure and function striated and branched work without fatigue for the whole life time Ailimentary canal urinary tract.walls of veins and arteries, linings of organs, intestines and esophagus (peristalsis), etc... 2.a) femur is a part of appendicular skeleton and others are parts of axial skeleton. b)shoulderbone is the part of appendicular skeleton and others are parts of axial skeleton. c)rib, Others are cartilages 3.

5 A.Skull A.Axial Skeleton Human Skeleton B.Appendicular Skeleton Parts No.of bones Parts No.of bones A.Pectoral girdle 1.bones of cranium Clavicle 2 2.face bones 14 2.Scapula 2 3.ear ossicles 6 B.bones of forelimbs 80 B.Hyoid 1 1.Humerus 2 C.Vertibral column 26 2.Radius 2 D.Sternum 1 3.Ulna 2 E.Ribs 24 4.Carpels 16 Appendicular Skeleton C.Pelvic girdle 5.Metacarpels 10 6.Phalanges 28 D.bones of the hindlimbs Innominate bone 2 1.femur 2 Total no of bones(b) 126 Total no of bones in the human body A+B patella 2 3.tibia 2 4.fibula 2 5.tarsels 14 6.meta tarsels 10 7.phalanges 28 Type of Joint Features Examples Ball and socket joint A joint in which the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone. They are multiaxial, synovial joints. Hinge Joint Allow movement in only one direction. The convex part of one bone fits into a concave part of another, allowing motion in only one plane. 4 hip joint,shoulder joints found in the elbows and the joints of the fingers and toes Gliding Joint The more or less flattened ends of two Shoulder joint,hip Joint

6 bones move gently as though they glide Pivot Joint Helps in the movement as though it pivots on an axis 5.a)Ball and socket joint b)hinge joint c) Tendon d) Gliding joint 6.a) Capsule. b)ligaments. c)cartilage.d) Synovial fluid. 7. Organisms having exoskeletons The joint between the first two vertebrae Carb, Bees, Ants, Spiders, Millipedes,Turtles, Tortoises,Lobsters. 8.a)Whale.b)Euglena 9.Involuntary muscles are smooth, uninucleated, non-branching muscles that are not directly controllable at will.