Section Chapter 36. The Skeletal, Muscular and Integumentary Systems. Go to Section:

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1 Section 35-1 Chapter 36 The Skeletal, Muscular and Integumentary Systems

2 Section Outline Section The Skeletal System A. The Skeleton B. Structure of Bones C. Development of Bones D. Types of Joints 1. Immovable Joints 2. Slightly Movable Joints 3. Freely Movable Joints E. Structure of Joints F. Skeletal System Disorders

3 The Skeletal System Section 36-1 Skull Axial Skeleton Sternum Clavicle Scapula Appendicular Skeleton Ribs Humerus Vertebral column Radius Pelvis Ulna Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges Femur Patella Fibula Tibia Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges

4 Figure 36-3 The Structure of Bone Section 36-1 Spongy bone Compact bone Periosteum Haversian canal Compact bone Bone marrow Spongy bone Osteocyte Artery Vein Periosteum

5 Section 36-1 Figure 36-4 Freely Movable Joints and Their Movements Ball-and-Socket Joint Pivot Joint Clavicle Humerus Humerus Ball-andsocket joint Scapula Hinge Joint Femur Radius Ulna Pivot joint Saddle Joint Fibula Patella Metacarpals Tibia Hinge joint Saddle joint Carpals

6 Figure 36-5 Knee Joint Section 36-1 Muscle Tendon Femur Patella Bursa Ligament Synovial fluid Cartilage Fat Fibula Tibia

7 Section Outline Section The Muscular System A. Types of Muscle Tissue 1. Skeletal Muscles 2. Smooth Muscles 3. Cardiac Muscle B. Muscle Contraction C. Control of Muscle Contraction D. How Muscles and Bones Interact E. Exercise and Health

8 Cycle Diagram Section Myosin forms cross-bridge with actin 5 Myosin returns to original shape 2 Cross-bridge changes shape 4 3 Cross-bridge releases actic Actin pulled

9 Figure 36-7 Skeletal Muscle Structure Section 36-2

10 Figure 36-8 Muscle Contraction Section 36-2 Relaxed Muscle Z line Myosin Actin Z line Actin Movement of Actin Filament Sarcomore Binding sites Crossbridge Contracted Muscle Myosin Cross-bridges Z line

11 Figure 36-8 Muscle Contraction Section 36-2 Relaxed Muscle Z line Myosin Actin Z line Actin Movement of Actin Filament Sarcomore Binding sites Crossbridge Contracted Muscle Cross-bridges Z line Myosin During muscle contraction, the knoblike head of a myosin filament attaches to a binding site on actin, forming a cross-bridge.

12 Figure 36-8 Muscle Contraction Section 36-2 Relaxed Muscle Z line Myosin Actin Z line Actin Movement of Actin Filament Sarcomore Binding sites Crossbridge Contracted Muscle Cross-bridges Z line Myosin During muscle contraction, the knoblike head of a myosin filament attaches to a binding site on actin, forming a cross-bridge. Powered by ATP, the myosin crossbridge changes shape and pulls the actin filament toward the center of the sarcomere.

13 Figure 36-8 Muscle Contraction Section 36-2 Relaxed Muscle Z line Myosin Actin Z line Actin Movement of Actin Filament Sarcomore Binding sites Crossbridge Contracted Muscle Cross-bridges Z line Myosin During muscle contraction, the knoblike head of a myosin filament attaches to a binding site on actin, forming a cross-bridge. Powered by ATP, the myosin crossbridge changes shape and pulls the actin filament toward the center of the sarcomere. The cross-bridge is broken, the myosin binds to another site on the actin filament, and the cycle begins again.

14 Figure Opposing Muscle Pairs Section 36-2 Movement Movement Biceps (relaxed) Biceps (contracted) Triceps (relaxed) Triceps (relaxed)

15 Section Outline Section The Integumentary System A. The Skin 1. Epidermis 2. Dermis 3. Skin Cancer B. Hair and Nails 1. Hair 2. Nails

16 Concept Map Section 36-3 Skin functions as a is made up of the Barrier to infection Regulator of body temperature Remover of waste products Protector against UV radiation Epidermis Dermis which is the which is the Outer layer Inner layer

17 Figure The Structure of Skin Section 36-3

18 Videos Click a hyperlink to choose a video. Muscle Contraction, Part 1 Muscle Contraction, Part 2

19 Video 1 Muscle Contraction, Part 1 Click the image to play the video segment.

20 Video 2 Muscle Contraction, Part 2 Click the image to play the video segment.

21 Go Online Links from the authors on making artificial skin Interactive test For links on bones and joints, go to and enter the Web Code as follows: cbn For links on muscle contraction, go to and enter the Web Code as follows: cbn-0362.

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