Inhibition of FOXC2 restores epithelial phenotype and drug-sensitivity in prostate cancer cells with stem-like properties

Transcription

1 SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION Inhibition of FOXC2 restores epithelial phenotype and drug-sensitivity in prostate cancer cells with stem-like properties Anurag N Paranjape 1, *, Rama Soundararajan 1, *, Steven J Werden 1, Robiya Joseph 1, Joseph H Taube 1, Hui Liu 1, Jaime Rodriguez-Canales 1, Nathalie Sphyris 1, Ignacio Wistuba 1, Jasreman Dhillon 4, Nupam Mahajan 4, Kiran Mahajan 4, Jeffrey T Chang 5, Michael Ittmann 6, Sankar N Maity 7, Christopher Logothetis 7, Naoyuki Miura 8, Dean G Tang 9, Sendurai A Mani 1,2,3, 1 Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, 2 Metastasis Research Center, 3 Center for Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX Department of Oncological Sciences, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine; School of Biomedical Informatics; UT Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu , Japan. 9 Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX *ANP and RS share co-first-authorship Correspondence: Sendurai Mani, 2130 West Holcombe Blvd, LSP9.2001, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, UTMDACC, Houston, Texas Tel: Fax: mani@mdanderson.org Running title: FOXC2 determines EMT and stem-cell features in PCa

2 2 SUPPLEMENTAL FIGURE LEGENDS Figure S1: Immunohistochemical analysis of FOXC2 expression in primary human prostate tissue samples representing BPH (Benign prostatic hyperplasia), PIN (Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia), and Gleason Grade 7. Shown are 3 distinct samples representing each condition. BC: Human Breast Cancer tissue sample, positive control (scale bar=100μm). Figure S2: Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrating that primary human prostate smallcell carcinoma tissue characterized by lack of AR expression, exhibits high level of FOXC2 expression (scale bar=50μm). Inset in the right panel shows a higher magnification of the FOXC2-stained tissue. Figure S3: Immunoblot analyses demonstrating reciprocal relationship between expression of FOXC2 and AR in lysates of various human patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) sublines that model lethal variant small cell prostate carcinoma with AR-negative neuroendocrine features (1, 2) [ and 177-0: AR-negative sublines; and : AR-positive controls]. Figure S4: qrt-pcr analyses for prostate differentiation markers - AR and PSA - in DU145 cells, performed progressively from days 0-7 after SB treatment. Y-axis represents fold change in HPRT-normalized mrna expression in SB treated samples compared to that in control cells (n=3; error bars indicate SEM). Figure S5: RFP-luciferase-labeled DU145 prostate tumor cells were subcutaneously injected into NOD/SCID mice and tumor progression monitored by bioluminescent imaging. After formation of palpable tumors (approximately 2 weeks), mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, and treated as indicated. Panel shows mice and luminescence of luciferase activity discernable at the end of the treatment schedule (n=8 data points).

3 3 Supplemental - References: 1. Tzelepi V, Zhang J, Lu JF, Kleb B, Wu G, Wan X, et al. Modeling a lethal prostate cancer variant with small-cell carcinoma features. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18: Aparicio A, Tzelepi V, Araujo JC, Guo CC, Liang S, Troncoso P, et al. Neuroendocrine prostate cancer xenografts with large-cell and small-cell features derived from a single patient's tumor: morphological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression profiles. Prostate. 2011;71:

4 Supplementary Figure S1 FOXC2 BPH PIN Gleason 7 Case #: 1, 2, 3 4, 5, 6 7, 8, 9 Positive control (Human BC specimen) Negative control (No primary antibody)

5 Supplementary Figure S2 H&E AR FOXC2

6 Supplementary Figure S (AR+) (AR-) (AR+) (AR-) AR FOXC2 Actin

7 Supplementary Figure S4 Relative mrna expression AR PSA Days (with SB203580)

8 Supplementary Figure S5 Vehicle SB Enzalutamide Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4